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2000/10/03 0001
Maryland historical society

Fund-Publication, No. 28.

THE CALVERT PAPERS.

NUMBER ONE.

With an account of their recovery, and presentation to the Society, December 10th, 1888.

Together with a Calendar of the Papers recovered, and Selections from the Papers.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 200302 JAN. 7 1890 SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT

Baltimore, 1889.

2d set

Monograph

0002 0003 l 108 1?42 Pat 14 0004

Atchievement of The Right Honourable Cœcilius Coluert Baron Baltemore de Baltemore in the Kingdome of Ireland Absolute Lord and Proprietary of y e Provinces of Maryland and Avalon in America.

A. & Co. Lith. Baltimore

0005

THE CALVERT PAPERS.

NUMBER ONE.

0006 0007
Maryland historical society

Fund-Publication, No. 28.

THE CALVERT PAPERS.

NUMBER ONE.

With an account of their recovery, and presentation to the Society, December 10th, 1888.

December 10th, 1888.

Together with a Calendar of the Papers recovered, and Selections from the Papers.

Baltimore, 1889.

200302 JAN. 7 1890

2d set

Monograph

0008

F984 .C16

PEABODY PUBLICATION FUND.

Committee On Publication.

1888–89.

HENRY STOCKBRIDGE,

JOHN W. M. LEE,

BRADLEY T. JOHNSON.

Printed By John Murphy & Co.

Printers To The Maryland Historical Society.

Baltimore, 1889.

0009
CONTENTS.

PAGE.

Address of Mr. Albert Ritchie, 9

Remarks of Mr. John H. B. Latrobe, 22

Report of Mr. Mendes Cohen, 22

Remarks of Dr. William Hand Browne, 32

Exemplification of the Arms of Sir George Calvert, 38

The Patent of Nobility of George, Lord Baltimore, 41

The Will of Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, 48

The Inventory of the Estate of the Same, 50

Tender By Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, Of The first year's Rent, 54

Receipt for the first year's rent, 54

A Calendar of the Calvert Papers, By Mr. John W. M. Lee, 57

The Calvert Papers. First Selection, 127

0010 0011
PREFACE.

At a meeting of the Maryland Historical Society, at their rooms, on December 10, 1888, the Calvert Papers were formally presented to the Society.

An account of the search for, discovery, and acquisition of these papers is given in the following addresses, made by Mr. Albert Ritchie on behalf of the donors, and by the President on behalf of the Society, together with the Report of the Committee on the Calvert Papers, made by Mr. Mendes Cohen; and some remarks on their character, accompanied by the reading of Extracts, were made by Dr. William Hand Browne; and to these have been added a Calendar of the Papers prepared by Mr. John W. M. Lee.

0012 0013 9
THE CALVERT PAPERS.

Address Of Mr. Albert Ritchie.

Mr. President, —

ON behalf of those who have recently secured possession of a valuable collection of historical papers from an immediate descendant of the Calverts, I am here to-night to perform a most agreeable service.

The papers referred to lie on the table before you, and I am instructed to present them to the Society of which you are the beloved and honored President.

During the supremacy of the Lords Proprietary, they resided, as you know, at their homes abroad, and were represented here by their Governors. They, however, to a large extent, themselves exercised the ample powers which they possessed, and maintained an active participation in the government of the province. 2

0014 10

Frequent and full reports of the condition of affairs were from time to time transmitted to them, as were also many important official papers requiring their consideration and action.

Thus, much of our history got upon the other side of the water; some in the original, some in duplicate; the original forming its own part of the record, and that in duplicate serving in some degree to supply the place of original material lost on this side.

This collection was received from the possession of Col. Frederick Henry Harford, of Down Place, near Windsor, the great-grandson of Frederick, the last Lord Baltimore, and embraces all that is positively known still to exist of those papers that were sent over to the Lords Proprietary in the manner stated.

You will remember that in his Calendar Index of 1861, Dr. John Henry Alexander states that in the year 1839 he saw, in the British Museum, two large chests, marked “Calvert Papers,” but that, on inquiry made by him many years afterward, all trace of them had disappeared.

The acquisition of the papers in those two chests has been an object of which the members of this Society have never since lost sight. Whether these are they or not, it is impossible yet to say. They may, or may not be. But much as we desire to possess those papers, it is rather to be hoped that 0015 11 the records we now have secured are not the ones referred to by Dr. Alexander, because, if it be determined that they are not, we will then be stimulated by the knowledge that there are other historical treasures in the same line of search still to be looked for and found.

The character of these papers will be told to you more in detail during the evening, but I may say in a word that it is believed that they will prove to be a historical treasure trove such as it has not been the good fortune of any other of the States to find, and that they will add much value to the collections already possessed by this Society. They will enable us to replace some of the lost leaves of the history of our State, to revise others, and to illuminate many more.

Without anticipating what will be better told you by another, I may, in passing, give a suggestion of the contents of these papers by referring to one or two of them.

You know, sir, that the princely grant of lands and waters which comprised the province of Maryland, was given on the condition prescribed in the Charter, that the Lord Proprietary should in every year on Tuesday in Easter week yield and pay therefor the rental of “two Indian arrows of those parts.” We are able to assure you to-night that at least the first year's rent was duly paid, for lying before you is the receipt of “W. Thomas, keeper of his Majesty's 0016 12 Wardrobe,” for two Indian Arrows “tendered and left at and within the Castle of Windsor,” for “one year's rent due to the King's Majesty” for “a territory or continent of land called Maryland,” and dated on “Tuesday, the XXIIIrd day of April, 1633.”

For how many years the prompt payment of this rent continued we may not know, but we may presume that it was well kept up, because, from the failure of the native population to appreciate the principle of public law, that the discovery of the fact of their existence, gave the discoverer a claim to all their possessions, it was many years before Indian arrows became scarce in Maryland. Ultimately, however, about the 4th of July, 1776, we know that this rent was docked. All that we pay now is the annual levy of $2.07 on every one hundred dollars worth of our property.

Another paper of this collection, while not so unique, is of more historical value. It is a copy in his own handwriting of the instructions given by Cecilius Calvert to the immigrants before the Ark and the Dove left the Isle of Wight.

These Calvert papers, after much search and effort, which will be more fully detailed by Mr. Mendes Cohen, were finally secured by a few of the members of this society, aided by some prominent citizens, and also, it is a great pleasure to add, with the gracious co-operation of several ladies who are with us to-night.

0017 13

There is no need now to make special mention of the names of those for whom I speak, but I feel that I ought at least to say that, more than to anything else, we are indebted for the possession of these papers to the intelligent and persistent efforts of Mr. Cohen. He will not, in his account of them, say this for himself, and I therefore say it, because it ought to be said by some one.

The circumstances warrant the mention of one other name in this connection. Always an interested member of this Society and in sympathy with its work, one of the last acts of his life was a generous contribution to the fund for the purchase of these papers by Mr. T. Harrison Garrett.

The acquisition of these Calvert papers and the interest manifested in them to-night, are an assurance that our State has reached the age of historic research. This, of course, is a development of a somewhat advanced period, for the forces of moral evolution will not produce the historic sentiment until there is a history to be written. The conditions are—a story to be told, and also the appropriate time for telling it. Unlike the observation of material objects the atmosphere is cleared by distance, and the truth of history is better discerned as we get above and beyond the motives, the partialities and mists which obscure a closer view. These conditions, like experience and good wine, come only by age. There is no improved method of hastening 0018 14 them, and we must wait until the State has a past. The process may be going on, but we can simply stand by while seed time is ripening into harvest. But when the times have ripened for the pen of the historian, and existing conditions have created the want, the same forces which created the conditions will supply the want.

Almost exactly two hundred years from the date of the charter had passed before the full period for writing the history of Maryland came, and then the great pen of McMahon was applied to the task. Bozman's Introduction to a History of Maryland had appeared in 1811, and Griffith's Sketches of the Early History of Maryland in 1821, but the publication of McMahon's first volume in 1831 may be taken, I think, as the well marked beginning of the period of historic research in Maryland. While that work was the evidence of a growth, it at the same time stimulated the growth. The presentation to the State of the manuscript of Bozman's history and its publication followed in 1834; then came the Act of 1835 for the rescue, arrangement and preservation of the State papers and documents. The Maryland Historical Society was incorporated in 1844; another Act looking to the preservation of the records was passed in 1847; in 1849 McSherry's History appeared, and in 1855 the “Day Star” by Mr. Davis. In 1858 an Act was passed for the procurement of copies of important papers from 0019 15 foreign repositories, and the report and calendar of Dr. Alexander followed in 1860. In 1867 important historical features were added to the Land Office; in the same year Terra Mariae, by Mr. Edward D. Neill, was published; Scharf's History appeared in 1879, and the History of a Palatinate, by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne, in 1884. Many other incidents, as well as numerous monographs, which cannot now be referred to, have marked the period mentioned.

The time had indeed come, but when the thought of the State turned to the history of the State, the inquiry was, what are the records? and (more difficult to answer), where are they? The archives have a history as well as the State, but though the acquisition of these papers is part of it, the full story cannot be told to-night.

Maryland has probably always possessed a more complete collection of State papers than any other of the original States, and the State has always manifested as great an interest in their preservation as perhaps could well be expected. But we seldom find the instinct of the historian united with official position, and there never has been by the State a sufficiently well directed effort for the collection and preservation of its archives.

They have passed through the perils of new government, of war and insurrection; of removal, waste and neglect; of mould, fire and private spoliation. Very much, however, has survived; much that had 0020 16 nearly gone has been rescued, and means have been found to supply from other sources much that has been lost.

A valuable work was performed by Mr. David Ridgely, State Librarian, under the Act of 1835, in collecting and arranging State papers and documents, but the Act unfortunately provided that after collection and repair they should be returned to the various public offices, from their exposure in which the effort had been to rescue them; and when looked for, in later years, many that Mr. Ridgely had noted could no longer be found.

Immediately upon the formation of this Society it directed its attention to the collection and safety of the State papers, and in 1847 procured the passage of a resolution by the General Assembly to this end. This resolution authorized the Governor to transfer to this Society all original papers, documents and records relating to the history of Maryland prior to the close of the Revolutionary war, which it was not necessary should be kept at the seat of Government. The first part of this resolution was full of promise and looked like a liberal transfer, but there was a string tied to the papers in the shape of a retractive proviso. Under the operation of the proviso there was very little left to be transferred except such documents as were in duplicate, or in such a condition of “apparent or manifest decay” as that they might be “advantageously 0021 17 deposited with the said Historical Society.” The Society thankfully received the records that were in a state of “manifest decay” and, as far as it was possible to do so, reverently restored them to a state of convalescence.

By the Act of 1858, the Governor was authorized to appoint some person to procure copies of all papers and documents of value relating to the provincial history, which were to be found in the Colonial Office in London, in the library of Zion College, and in the archives of the Propaganda at Rome. Dr. Alexander, who was appointed under this Act, very properly thought that before he began to copy it was important to know what the State already possessed, and accordingly, with the assistance of Dr. Ethan Allen, he prepared the first volume of a Calendar of State papers which is now in the library of this Society. But before the preliminary work was completed the appropriation was exhausted, and the hand of the type-writer has not yet garnered the sheaves in question.

The importance of the State papers was, again, most earnestly pressed upon the Constitutional Convention of 1867, by the late Mr. George L. L. Davis, and through his efforts a clause was inserted in the Constitution, making it the duty of the Commissioner of the Land Office to collect, arrange and classify the papers, records, relics and other memorials connected with the early history of Maryland. 3

0022 18

This Society at length, in the passage of the Act of Assembly of 1882, accomplished what had been a cherished purpose ever since its organization, namely, the transfer into its custody of all the records, archives and ancient documents of the Province and State prior to the acknowledgment of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, on the condition that they should be safely kept, properly arranged and catalogued, and that the Society should edit and publish such of them as were of historical importance, the State reserving its ownership, and providing for the free access to these papers of all its citizens. The State at last had appreciated the fact that it had no agency of its own suitable for the work of collecting, assorting and preserving these papers.

Then began the reclamation of State papers from all conceivable, as well as inconceivable repositories. The search went through places where they ought to have been, and were not, and places where they should not have been, but were. Under the authority of this Act, and through previous efforts, the cellars, the lofts, the forgotten cupboards, the woodhouse of the Treasury and the dome of the State House, as well as the public offices, all gave up their historic treasures, and at last, so far, at least, as those possessed by the State are concerned, we are able to answer the inquiry, where are the records? They are in the iron vault of this Society 0023 19 —the Home for Aged Papers—protected from exposure and neglect, secure against the hand of the spoiler, and safe from the depredations of the autograph fiend.

This Society is faithfully and gladly discharging the conditions upon which it was made the repository of these papers, and is now solving the problem of what the records are. The accumulations of a hundred and fifty years, including about 10,000 separate papers, thus came into its hands. All are being properly assorted and catalogued, with due reference to subject matter and chronological order, and, with infinite labor, the worn papers, the faded writing, the contracted hand, the long disused abbreviations, and the long since obsolete terms, are being deciphered and the entire text transcribed. Five volumes of the archives, under the scholarly supervision of Dr. Browne, have been published.

Towards the expense of this work the State has made a moderate but inadequate appropriation. Much of the necessary service is gratuitous, while important gaps in the records have been filled from the collections of this Society, and by material gathered abroad at its expense. This Act of 1882, from a historical standpoint, is the most important event that has yet transpired.

It not only secured the safety of our State papers, but, through the agency of this Society, it is working out a full disclosure of their contents. To a 0024 20 certain degree, in their past condition, they have been as if written in an unknown tongue.

This Act, also, is leading up to a new, a more accurate and complete history of the State. The histories of Maryland heretofore written have been well done in view of the broken record and the difficulty of mining the material at command. But a new history of the State has been begun, and will appear in due season.

We may not know by whom it will be finished, nor whose name will be upon the title page as its author, but this Society has begun the work. It is now making accessible and capable of use the large stores which have been preserved; it is replacing much that has been lost, and with an eye quick for the search, and a hand ready to reach, it is looking for further historical riches in foreign repositories not yet explored. In thus preparing ready to his hand all materials, and in doing for the future author the most dreary and laborious part of his work, this Society is contributing its important part toward the new history of the State.

It has assumed that portion of the task, which, as McMahon well said, “if inflicted as a punishment, would be intolerable.”

Such, sir, is part of the work now being done by this Society, and it is in recognition of its active zeal, and of the service it is rendering the State, that we desire to place in its possession these Calvert 0025 21 Papers. They begin the story of our people at a period earlier than the landing at St. Mary's. They had already opened the record when Leonard Calvert set up the cross on St. Clement's, and in the name of his brother, took possession of his unexplored kingdom of forest and river and bay.

They have been singularly preserved through the casualties of two hundred and fifty years. The Barons of Baltimore, each in his turn, have played their almost royal parts, and the baronetcy itself has been extinct for more than a century. Eight generations, full of life and high impulse, have wrought their mission, and passed on. The first seat of government has disappeared, and not even its ruins now mark the spot where the early legislators assembled. From the little colony has grown a great State, superb in its free institutions, and the home of a million noble people.

These parchments have survived through all these changes, and, by the force of association, they fill this hall to-night with voices and faces from the weird and majestic past, and stamp again with the vividness of real life, acts and events which were fading into shadow and tradition.

With all their rich associations and historic value, I now have the honor to present them to you as the representative of the Maryland Historical Society, and, as I do so, it is with the thought that they are part of the muniments of our goodly 0026 22 heritage of civil and religious liberty—part of the evidences of our title to all that is great and honorable in our past.

Address of Hon. John H. B. Latrobe.

Upon the conclusion of the address of Colonel Ritchie, the President, Hon. John H. B. Latrobe, said:

I gratefully acknowledge, Mr. Ritchie, on behalf of the Maryland Historical Society, the valuable addition to its archives of the “Calvert Papers,” which the generosity and public spirit of some of our fellow citizens have enabled it to secure.

To go now into more formal or extended remarks would consume time which may better be given to some matters immediately connected with the papers referred to.

Address of Mr. Mendes Cohen.

Mr. Mendes Cohen, Chairman of the Committee on the Calvert Papers, then addressed the meeting, as follows:

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, —

In the distribution of the duties of this occasion, it devolves upon me to tell you something in regard 0027 23 to the finding of these papers. I cannot do so, however, without mentioning the name of one of our departed members, taken from among us in the midst of his usefulness more than twenty years ago; one well known to the older members of the Society and to his fellow citizens generally, as a gentleman of the highest scientific and scholarly attainments. I refer to the late John Henry Alexander, LL. D.

Dr. Alexander, amongst numerous other literary and scientific works, prepared an “Index to the calendar of Maryland State papers,” compiled under his own direction by authority of an Act of the Legislature (January session, 1858, Chapter 27).

In the preface to this Index which bears date Easter Monday, 1861, speaking of the collections of Maryland documents in the British Museum, he records:

“Many years ago, these possessions of the British Museum might have been increased, and with objects of great interest. In the autumn of 1839, there were lying in one of its rooms, on the ground floor, two considerable chests marked Calvert Papers, which I myself observed with much interest; but presuming that they were an acquisition of the establishment, and would be shortly examined and reported upon thoroughly, or at least be thereafter forever accessible, I made no particular inquiry about them at the moment. It appears that this presumption was erroneous, and upon a diligent 0028 24 research instituted recently—under the disadvantage, to be sure, of there being not a single person left now in the employment of the institution, who was connected then with the particular branch of its service to which belongs the receipt and custody of such things, until they are handed over to be placed in their proper receptacles—no further intelligence could be obtained about them, and no other conclusion arrived at than that, when seen they were merely in transitu, having been probably offered by some party possessing them, but at such a price as precluded their purchase. However this may have been, the mischance is very much to be regretted.”

It was my good fortune to know Dr. Alexander from my early youth. I was a student of engineering; he, the accomplished scientist and mathematician, the intimate friend of an uncle who stood to me in loco parentis, was pleased on this account to take much interest in the progress of my studies, and subsequently in my professional career. I learned to respect the thoroughness with which Dr. Alexander pursued every investigation; the careful accuracy of his observation and the precision with which he noted results. I did not then know how rare were the qualities that I admired in him, nor how great was the privilege which I enjoyed in my intercourse with him; but I have realized it since, and it is to me a great pleasure to say that we 0029 25 primarily owe our acquisition of these papers to Dr. Alexander's careful methods—for I do not think that the search would have been thought of, as it would certainly not have been undertaken by me, but for that record of a failure to find what he believed to have existed a few years before.

On reading that account for the first time and knowing something of the way which English people have of preserving written documents, I thought the chances were strongly in favor of Dr. Alexander's theory, and that the papers had gone back to the attic corner whence they had emerged for their visit to the British Museum, and I promised myself the pleasure of searching them out as soon as opportunity permitted me a visit to England.

In the meantime it chanced that, as corresponding secretary of this Society, I was in communication with Mr. Winslow Jones of Exmouth, England, a gentleman interested in matters bearing upon our history, and who has contributed to our collection some interesting notes in regard to the early Calverts. I ventured to ask his interest and co-operation in a search for the lost papers. He readily gave his assistance and through an inquiry made by him in Notes and Queries, information was elicited which led to our being convinced that a large mass of the Colonial Papers and correspondence was still in existence and in the possession of Col. F. H. Harford, a retired officer of the British 4 0030 26 Army, and a descendant of the last Lord Baltimore. Some months later Mr. Jones was permitted to see these papers at Col. Harford's seat, Down Place, near Windsor, and in May, 1887, he writes me:—

“I finished on yesterday the examination of the deeds and papers at Down Place. . . . . . .

“They were in utter confusion, in one very large chest, and not in the two in which they were originally kept, without any arrangement and mixed up with family papers unconnected with the Province, and very many of both sets without endorsement, but they are all now arranged and for the most part marked. . . . . . .

“The chest has for some years been in an old Orangery, now used as a potting house and for garden purposes, and some signs of damp are on a few of the papers, so that if the chest should remain for some years longer in its present place, the papers may be seriously injured.”

It is needless to recount our unsuccessful efforts to negotiate with the owners by a correspondence which extended over a year or more. We could neither learn the date of a single paper in the collection nor the price at which any or all of them would be transferred to the Society.

During the summer of 1887, Mr. D. R. Randall, of Annapolis, a corresponding member of this Society, being in London, was asked to call to see the papers which had by this time been removed from 0031 27 Down Place to the custody of Col. Harford's solicitors in London. He did so, and was shown such of the collection as had then reached London. He was informed by the solicitors that some of the papers were still at Down Place, partly in the house and partly buried in a field adjoining. The papers referred to as being then in the house at Down Place, are said to have been brought shortly thereafter to London and to be included in our aggregation, but in regard to the buried papers the solicitors write: “We fear that they are lost beyond hope of recovery, as we understand from our client that they were buried some years ago by his gardeners in order to get rid of what at the time was supposed to be useless.”

At this stage it began to look as if the story of the Sibylline books might be repeated to our irremediable loss, and we felt correspondingly anxious to secure the existing remainder before any further diminution should befall them. It was evident that some one familiar with the Maryland Archives must be sent to London, to report specifically as to the historical value of the find and to act as our agent.

The most suitable person available was Mr. J. W. M. Lee, the Society's librarian. The late Mr. T. Harrison Garrett, in whose service Mr. Lee was then engaged, readily consented to spare him for the purpose. Mr. Lee sailed for England April 0032 28 14th last. He reached London on the 21st, and lost no time after his arrival in examining the papers at the office of Col. Harford's solicitors, where it was stated to Mr. Lee, that all the papers known to be in existence were then collected. We were informed by each mail of the progress of his investigation, and in time, of the price placed upon them and of his estimate of their value.

An agreement was arrived at without delay, and Mr. Lee was cabled to close the purchase which was at once effected through the medium of Messrs. Robert Garrett & Sons, who acted as our bankers, and advanced the necessary funds.

Through the liberal subscription of the ladies and gentlemen who have just presented the collection to the Society, sufficient funds were raised to defray the expenses of the mission as well as the cost of the collection and its transfer to your fireproof vault, where it was safely placed on the evening of June 11th, 1888.

There still remain for us the questions:

1st. Are these papers in whole or in part those which were contained in the two boxes seen by Dr. Alexander in the British Museum in 1839?

2d. What means the statement about the buried chest?

In regard to the first question it must be stated that our information is very meagre. We have not been able as yet, clearly to establish a connection 0033 29 between the papers we now possess and the supposed contents of the boxes seen in 1839; nor has our agent, Mr. Lee, given us any information throwing light on the subject.

Nevertheless, I believe them to be the same. It is somewhat curious that whilst we in Maryland were wondering what could have become of these missing papers; at the very time, when in 1861, Dr. Alexander was printing the document which records the facts that have led to the renewal of the search, our sister State, Virginia, in a search for evidence bearing upon the question of the boundary between Virginia and Maryland, should have developed and recorded the fact of the then present existence of the papers which we now have before us.

In March, 1860, the General Assembly of Virginia adopted a resolution “authorizing and requesting the Governor, if he should deem it expedient, to send to England a competent agent to obtain from thence all record and documentary evidence tending to ascertain and establish the true lines of boundary between Virginia and the States of North Carolina, Tennessee and Maryland.”

Col. A. W. McDonald was commissioned as such agent, and proceeded to London, where he arrived June 20, 1860. In his report to Governor Letcher, dated February 2d, 1861, he states: “I sought out the representative of the Baltimore family, and finally discovered him a prisoner for debt in the 0034 30 Queen's Bench prison, to which some twelve years since he had been transferred from the Fleet prison, after having been there confined for more than eight years. I obtained an interview with this gentleman; informed him of the object of my visit, which he appeared entirely willing to promote, and learned from him, after most minute inquiry, that the original charter had never come into his hands with the other family papers which had; that he had never seen it; never heard of it as being in the hands of any other person; and that he verily believed said original charter to be utterly lost or destroyed.”

Shortly after our discovery of the papers my attention was first called to this record by our fellow-member, Mr. Henry F. Thompson. It had theretofore seemingly escaped the notice of those interested in the Maryland Archives, as it certainly had my own, a fact which I can only account for by reason of Col. McDonald's report having been made just at the breaking out of our late civil war, at a period when all attention was concentrated upon the stirring events so rapidly succeeding each other almost before the eyes of many of us—a time when, in fact, our people were engaged in making History not in studying it.

From this report of Col. McDonald, it will be seen that the then representative of the Calverts had been in prison for debt for at least twenty 0035 31 years, or certainly since 1840, possibly from a somewhat earlier date. As it was only in 1839 that Dr. Alexander saw the chests, it would seem possible that the then representative of the family had offered them to the Museum before going to prison, either for sale or for safe keeping, and that the Museum declining to take them, they remained in the possession of the family during his imprisonment, and subsequently until our acquisition of them. If this be the case, as I have no doubt it is, it will only be necessary to obtain from the present representative of the family, or his solicitors, the facts doubtless in their possession to establish the identity of the papers before us with those in the missing boxes.

Now, as to the story of the burial of a chest of papers. When that statement first reached me, I supposed that it might be a myth, due to the fact that when Mr. Jones found the chest of papers at Down Place, it was in an out-building—a potting-house—and may have been half-buried in the mould and débris of the gardener's work-shop.

Mr. Lee was requested to make particular inquiry on this point, and to go, if necessary, to Down Place to ascertain the facts. This he did. He saw both Colonel and Mrs. Harford at their home, but could obtain from them no information more precise than that Colonel Harford had a few years before given authority to his gardeners to bury a box of the 0036 32 papers, which were much in the way. The gardener to whom this authority was given, was no longer in Colonel Harford's service when Mr. Lee was at Down Place, and Mr. Lee reports that Colonel Harford did not know the place of burial, nor even if the authority to bury was ever availed of.

The papers we have are so complete in some particulars, whilst lacking in others where we are pretty sure that the proprietors had received full reports from the Colony, that we cannot but feel that the chest supposed to have been buried may well have contained just what we find wanting. You have thus had a history of all we know, as yet, regarding these papers, and their re-discovery. It will devolve upon others to describe to you their interesting character and contents.

In conclusion, I will only express the hope that some of our members, hereafter visiting England, will be sufficiently interested to investigate the questions still left open, whilst there remains a chance of finding those capable of answering them, thus completing and perfecting for our State a record of her early history, perhaps unequalled by that of any other of the thirteen colonies.

Address of Dr. William Hand Browne.

Dr. William Hand Browne, followed Mr. Cohen, with the reading of extracts from some of 0037 33 the recently acquired papers, and with some introductory and explanatory remarks, as follows:

As you have heard the story of the discovery and acquisition of the Calvert Papers, it remains to give you the briefest possible account of what they are.

They consist of nearly 1,000 documents, on paper and parchment, all in admirable preservation, ranging from the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth, down to the second half of the last century.

The most ancient document relating to Maryland is Cecilius Calvert's Instructions to the First Colonists, of which I shall speak more at large presently. We have the Conditions of Plantation of 1640; a series of Council-Books and of the Journals of the Upper and Lower Houses of Assembly, filling many gaps in our collections; also copies of laws transmitted to the proprietary for his assent. We have grants of land and rent-rolls of the various counties from 1640 to 1761.

Here also is a great mass of documents illustrating every phase of the boundary dispute between Maryland and Pennsylvania, from the granting of the latter colony to the completion of Mason and Dixon's survey in 1768, with the maps submitted in the process of the suit; among which last are Mason and Dixon's own map, and a copy on vellum of the famous forged map on which Cape Henlopen 5 0038 34 was misplaced, so that the southern boundary of Delaware was run some twenty miles south of the line agreed upon.

We have a collection of receipts for the Indian arrows which the Proprietary was bound by his charter to tender every year at Windsor Castle; and among these the very first, of the date of 1633.

We have some twenty documents, all new to us, relating to Avalon; of which one is an inspeximus of the Charter in 1634, authenticated by the Great Seal of England.

There are also several hundred letters from the Proprietaries, the governors, and other persons of consequence; and many private letters of great interest, some of which throw curious light upon the obscure beginnings of the colony.

The heraldic and genealogical parchments are curious and attractive. Among them we have the original patent of nobility creating George Calvert first Baron of Baltimore; a beautiful piece of calligraphy and illumination, bearing the Great Seal of James I, and a miniature of that monarch.

There are also several other heraldic scrolls, richly blazoned, relating to the Calverts and other families. There are impressions of the Great Seals of England, from Elizabeth to George III: the Great Seals of Maryland, Virginia and New York; the seals of several kings-at-arms, and others of less interest.

0039 35

I am aware that all this is little more than a very imperfect fragment of cataloguing, neither complete nor entertaining; but under the circumstances it cannot be helped. The importance of many of these papers could only be made clear by an introductory explanation of the omissions they supply, the errors they rectify, or the obscurities on which they throw light. Others of less striking interest, are valuable as serving to fill gaps in a series which is now, I believe, more continuous than any of the colonial archives. But for this evening I have preferred to dip here and there into the mass for fragments, in themselves curious and interesting, which will require the least amount of preface.

The first paper I shall bring to your notice is remarkable in two respects: It is absolutely the most ancient Maryland document known to be in existence (for although the charter is older, of that we have only official copies of later date); and it is also remarkable as clearly showing the intentions of the Proprietary with respect to religious toleration. You are all aware that there has been much idle discussion about this matter, many imperfectly informed persons dating Maryland toleration from the Act of 1649. We have now proof that this was from the first the purpose of the founder of Maryland; and that the Act of 1649 only formulated the policy which had ruled in the province from its very beginning.

0040 36

The Ark and the Dove left Gravesend on October 18th, 1633, and proceeded to the Isle of Wight, where they took on board Fathers White and Altham, and some others, and lay there until November 30th. Just before their sailing a copy of instructions from the Proprietary was sent to Leonard Calvert and Messrs. Hawley and Cornwaleys, the heads of the expedition, containing precepts for their governance during the voyage and on their arrival. This paper is in Cecilius' handwriting, and from the interlineations and erasures is evidently the draft from which a fair copy was afterwards made.

[ See No. 1.]

The next paper is a report by Governor Leonard Calvert of the circumstances attending the reduction of Kent Island—or rather of the trading post upon that island—in February, 1638. Two or three of the leading men at this post, which had been established for the purpose of trade with the Indians, by a firm of London merchants who had no grant of land from any source and whose representatives on the island were simply squatters—these leaders undertook to hold out against Baltimore's authority, so that he had either to throw up his charter, or compel them to acknowledge it.

[ See No. 9.]

The next paper is a long letter written in November, 1642, by Cecilius to Leonard. We have scarcely 0041 37 any writings from Cecilius except such as are of a purely formal character, and it is pleasant to find him here in confidential communication with his brother.

The whole tone of the letter is affectionate, though the extract which I shall read is one in which he takes Leonard sharply to task for disobedience of orders in granting land to certain parties contrary to his brother's express prohibition.

[ See No. 12.]

The next is a very long letter written by Charles, son of Cecilius and governor of the Province, to his father in April, 1672. It is full of curious and interesting details about matters in Maryland; but the time will not allow me to read more than a few sentences about the interchange of gifts between father and son.

[ See No. 14.]

The last paper which I shall read is a holograph letter from William Penn to some Marylanders near the head of the bay. Notwithstanding the enormous size of the grant he had received, Penn cast longing eyes upon the Chesapeake, and was all his life trying to extend his boundary southward at Maryland's expense. Shortly after his charter had been signed, he wrote to Charles, Lord Baltimore, a letter full of friendly professions, asking and promising neighborly comity, and desiring that 0042 38 their conduct toward each other might be regulated by the simple rule, “do as thou wouldst be done to.” His next step was to write a characteristic letter to Herrman and other influential Marylanders in the north of the province, to induce them, partly by fair words, and partly by veiled threats, to revolt against Baltimore's authority. This letter I shall read. The original, as I said, is entirely in Penn's handwriting, and bears his seal as well as Herrman's indorsement.

[See No. 19.]

Among other interesting documents exhibited at the meeting, were the following:

Exemplification of the Arms of Sir George Calvert.

To All And Singvlar As well Nobles, and gentles as others to whom theis presents shall come Sir Richard St. George Knight Norroy Kinge of Arms of the North parts of the Realme of England from the Riuer of Trent Northward send greetinge. Forasmuch as auntiently from the beginninge the virtuous and worthy actes of excellent persons haue bene commended to the World, with sundry monuments and Remembraunces of their good deserts amongest which the cheifest and most usuall haue bene the bearinge of Signes and tokens in Sheilds, called Armes which are evident demonstrac?ns and Testimonyes of proues & valour dyuersly distributed accordinge to the qualitie and deserts of the persons merrittinge the same, which order as it was prudently deuised to stirr vp and enflame the harts of men to the Imitac?n of Virtue, even soe hath the same bene, and yet is contynued to the intent that such as haue done Commendable Service to their Prince and Countrey either in warre or in peace, may therefore receiue due 0043 39 honor in their owne Lyues and also deriue and contynue the same successiuely to their posterity for euer. Amongest which nomber for that I fynd the right Honourable Sir George Caluert Knight one of his Maiesties principall Secretaryes of State and his auncestors to haue recided in the North parts of this Kingdome, and not only to haue liued their in the Ranke and reputac?n of gent: and bene bearers of such badges and Ensignes of honor amongest vs, but further haue seene an exact collection made by Mr. Richard Verstegan an Antiquarie in Antwarpe sent ouer this last of March 1622, by which it appeareth that the said Sir George is descended of a Noble and auntient familie of that Surname in the Earldome of flanders where they have liued long in great Honor, and haue had great possessions, their principall and auntient Seate being at Warvickoe in the said Province, And that in theis later tymes two brethren of that surname vid: Jaques Calvert Lord of Seuere two leagues from Gaunt remayned in the Netherland broyles on the side of the Kinge of Spayne and hath a sonne who at this present is in honourable place and office in the Parliament Courte at Macklyn, And Leuinus Caluert the other brother tooke parte with the States of Holland and was by them ymployed as their Agent with Henry the fourth late Kinge of Fraunce, which Leuinus Caluert left a sonne in France whom the foresaid Kinge entertayned as a gentleman of his bed chamber. And further it is testefied by the said Mr. Verstegan that the proper Armes belonging to the Familie of the Caluerts is, or, three martletts Sables with this Creast vizt the vpper parte or halues of two Launces the bandroll of the first Sables and the second, or. Nowe forasmuch as I have been required by the said Sir George Caluert Knight to make a true declarac?n of what I haue seene concerninge the worthynes of his auncestors that it maye remayne to posterity from whence they orriginally descended as also that at this instant their is three of that Surname and lyniage lyvinge in three seuerall countryes beinge all men of great emenency and honourable ymployment in the State where they 0044 40 liue, which otherwayes by a generall neclect might in future tyme be forgotten and the honor of their auncestors buried in obliuion. And withall for a further manifestac?n and memoriall of the familie from whence he is descended. The said Sir George Caluert is likewise desirous to add some parte of those honourable badges and ensignes of honor which descend vpon him from his auncestors their to those which he and his predecessors haue formerly borne here since their comminge into England. The premisses considered I the said Norroy Kinge of Armes haue thought fitt not only to publishe by the declarac?n what hath come to my hands and Knowledge concerninge the honor of this worthy familie but also to add to the Coate of Armes which they haue borne here in England beinge paley of Sixe peices, or and Sables a bend counterchanged this Creast ensuinge Vizt: the vpper parte of two halfe Launces or, with bandrolls there to appendinge the one or the other Sables standinge in a Ducall Crowne gules as more playnly appeareth depicted in the margent and is the auntient Creast descended vnto him from his auncestors, The which Coate and Creast I the said Norroy Kinge of Armes doe ratifie, approue and confirme vnto the said Sir George Caluert Knight and the yssue of his body foreuer bearinge their due and lawfull differences accordinge to the lawe of Armes in that case prouided. In withes whereof I the said Sir Richard St. George Knight Norroy Kinge of Armes haue hereto put my hand and Seale of my office this third Daye of December 1622. In the yeare of the Raigne of our Soueraigne Lord James by the grace of God Kinge of England France, and Ireland Defendor of the fayth &c. the Twentith, And of Scotland the ffyftie and sixe.

Rd: St. George Norroy.

0045 41

Letters Patent

Under the Great Seal of England, to Sir George Calvert, creating him Baron Baltimore of Baltimore in the Kingdom of Ireland.

The entire space upon the parchment occupied by the Patent is about twenty-six inches in width, by seventeen inches in height. Of this space about eight and three-fourth inches in width by seven and one-half inches in height at the upper left hand corner (the dexter canton) is occupied by the initial letter J. The background of this part is black, but tassellated perspectively at the bottom in squares of black and white enriched with gold scrolled work—the whole edged with a plain gold band about one-eighth of an inch wide. The letter J is of blue, edged and beautifully knotted with gold. The letter proper occupies but two sides of the square, and its foot runs into the mouth of the Dragon of the Tudors (tricked as a wyvern, vert, heightened with gold, and enflamed at the mouth, legged gules), which faces to the sinister and occupies the entire foot of the canton. In the open space between the initial proper and the dragon is the portrait of King James the First, three-quarters profile, facing to the sinister, sitting upon his throne, clad in a red mantle, doubled ermine, the small clothes and hose of white silk, with gold rosettes and trimmings (the right knee only showing; the Garter does not appear). He is crowned imperially, and wears the Collar and George; in his right hand he holds a golden sceptre surmounted by a fleur de lis, in his left the orb. The throne is of gold; and behind it is a curtain of deep violet colour.

From this initial letter there runs a bordure of the width of about three and one-half inches along the top and down the left edge of the whole design; and also from the initial letter down the right edge—thus forming three sides of the entire work (the fourth side—the foot—being folded over and fastened down with the cords of the Great Seal which is affixed directly beneath the centre, pendent by a metallic cord passed in and out several times and sufficiently long to leave the Seal entirely clear of the parchment itself). This bordure is also edged in plain gold about oneeighth of an inch wide, and is beautifully ornamented with scrolls, urns, grotesques, and flowers, in gold and colours minutely detailed and skillfully done. The words “ Jacobus Dei Gratia Angliae ” (except the initial J already referred to) are large and done in gold upon a blue stripe of 6 0046 42 the width of about one and one eighth inches, extending from the initial letter across to the bordure on the right. All the lettering is in the usual Court hand, evenly and nicely done, and in black, save as above noted.

On the upper strip of the bordure are three Heraldic trickings, viz: (1)—( dexter, and close to the initial letter) The crest of England [—A lion gardant Or, imperially crowned, tail extended, statant upon an imperial crown gold, jewelled proper, the cap red, turned ermine]—all in front of a large escallop shell ribbed and shaded in blue. (2)—( sinister, and at the extreme right hand upper corner of the entire work) The crest of Scotland [—A lion affronté gules, crowned imperially Or, in the dexter paw a sceptre erect, surmounted by a fleur de lis gold; in the sinister, a sword azure, erect also, hilted and handled also of gold: sedant upon an imperial crown of gold, jewelled proper, the cap red, turned ermine]—all in front of a large escallop shell ribbed and shaded in blue, as before. (3)—( centre, and half way between the two crests) The Royal Atchievement [—the Royal Arms, temp Jac. i, but not as ordinarily tricked, thus: quarterly grand quarters: i and iv, quarterly 1 and 4 England, gules 3 lions passant gardant in pale Or; 2 and 3 France, azure 3 fleur de lis 2 and 1, Or: ii Scotland ), Or a lion rampant, within a double treasure, flory counter flory, gules: iii Ireland, azure a harp Or, stringed silver—All within the Garter (dark blue with gold edges, buckle, and champet of gold, the letters Roman and gold also), the intervening space of red, ornamented with gold scroll work spreading out behind the Garter. Above is the imperial crown, of gold, the cap red, turned ermine. The supporters are ( dexter ) for England: a lion gardant (rampant against the Garter), Or, langued and armed gules, imperially crowned gold, the cap red: ( sinister ) for Scotland, a unicorn (salient against the Garter), sable, armed, crined, unguled, gorged with a marquis' coronet, therefrom a chain reflexed over the back and terminating between the hind feet in an annulet, Or. Behind the dexter supporter are represented red and pink roses (but no white ones) with golden centres, growing from green stalks leaved proper, etc.; behind the sinister supporter, green thistles with flowers purpure, growing from green stalks, thorned, and leaved green, etc.—The whole Atchievement standing upon a greensward coloured naturally and arranged perspectively]—

It will be seen, by any one at all familiar with English coat-armour, that these three trickings depart considerably from the official blazon—notably (1) in placing England before France in the quartering, (2) in tricking the unicorn sable instead of argent, (3) in gorging the unicorn with a marquis' coronet instead of the royal crown, and (4) in transposing the sceptre and sword 0047 43 in the paws of the lion upon the Scottish crest. In the blazon above given exactness of detail has been sought, rather than mere technicality of terms.

The Great Seal affixed is that of England, temporis Jacobi primi, in very dark green wax; it is in a fair state of preservation, but somewhat flattened; and the upper part is gone entirely. What is left of it is easily to be identified by comparison with other known examples of this Seal.

Jacobus Dei gratia Angliæ, | Scocie ffrancie et Hibernie Rex fidei defenfor etc., Archiepiscopis Ducibus Marchionibus Comitibus Vicecomitibus Epifcopis Baronibus Militib 3 | Prepofitis liberis hominibus ac omnibus Officiarijs Miniftris et Subiectis noftris quibufcunque ad quos prefentes litere pervenerint Salutem. Cum eminens | Nobilium numerus Regi fidelium et de Republica benemerentium sit Regni decor et fulcimentum ac gratia favoris amplioris ornentur hi merito in quibus | uberioris servitij studia contemplamur quod nullo modo fieri poteft efficacius quam honoribus rite diftribuendis ex quo non solum ipfi qui ad nobilitatem sint | evecti sed et alij etiam illorum exemplo pari spe incitati ad virtutis studium attendantur Nos itaque in perfona dilecti et perquam fidelis Confiliarij noftri | Georgij Calvert militis morum gravitatem singulares animi dotes candorem integritatem et prudentiam et erga omnes benignitatem et urbanitatem intime | confiderantes, Necnon mente noftra recolentes quanto fide induftria et alacritate nobis infervivit tam in Regno noftro Hibernie quo propter negotia noftra ibidem | graviffima maiorifque momenti non ita pridem specialiter miffus fuit quam in hoc Regno noftro Anglie perquam plures Annos precipue vero poftquam iuxta | perfonam noftram in locum et honorem Confiliarij et principalis Secretarij noftri afcitus fuit. Volentefque vt favoris noftri Regij singulare aliquod signum prefato | Georgio et pofteris suis imperpetuum maneat ex quo non ipfe solum sed et alij etiam perfpiciant quanti apud nos sunt eiufdem Georgij fides et obfequia quantumque | defideramus ipfius virtutes et benemerita remunerare Jpfum in Procerum dicti Regni noftri Hibernie 0048 44 numerum afcribendum decrevimus Sciatis igitur quod nos de gratia noftra speciali Ac ex certa | scientia et mero motu noftris prefatum Georgium Calvert Militem ad statum gradum dignitatem et honorem Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore infra Regnum noftrum Hibernie ereximus prefecimus et creavimus | Jpfumque Georgium Calvert Militem Baronem Baltimore de Baltimore predict' tenore prefentium erigimus preficimus et creamus, Eidemque Georgio nomen statum gradum stilum dignitatem titulum et | honorem Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore impofuimus dedimus et prebuimus, Ac per presentes imponimus damus et prebemus, habendum et tenendum eadem nomen statum gradum stilum dignitatem | titulum et honorem Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore predict' prefato Georgio Calvert Militi et heredibus mafculis de Corpore suo exeuntibus imperpetuum. Volentes et per prefentes concedentes | pro nobis heredibus et Succefforibus noftris quod predictus Georgius et heredes sui mafculi predicti nomen statum gradum stilum dignitatem titulum et honorem Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore predict' | succeffive gerant et habeant et eorum quilibet gerat et habeat, et per nomen Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore succeffive vocentur et nuncupentur et eorum quilibet vocetur et nuncupetur Quodque idem Georgius | et heredes sui mafculi predicti succeffive Barones Baltimore de Baltimore predict' in omnibus teneantur et vt Barones dicti Regni nostri Hibernie tractentur et reputentur et eorum quilibet teneatur tractetur | et reputetur, habeantque teneant et poffideant et eorum quilibet habeat teneat et poffideat sedem locum et vocem in Parliamentis et publicis Comitijs atque Confilijs noftris heredum et Succeffor' nr' infra Regnum | noftrum Hibernie inter alios Barones vt Barones Parliamentorum et publicorum Comitiorum atque Confiliorum ibidem. Necnon dictus Georgius et heredes sui mafculi predicti gaudeant et vtantur et | eorum quilibet gaudeat et vtatur per nomen Baronis Baltimore de Baltimore omnibus et singulis talibus Juribus privilegijs preheminencijs et immunitatibus statui Baronis dicti Regni nostri | Hibernie in omnibus rite et de iure pertinentibus quibus ceteri 0049 45 Barones dicti Regni noftri Hibernie ante hec tempora melius honorificentius et quietius vfi sunt et gauifi seu in prefenti gaudent et | vtuntur. Volumus etiam et per prefentes concedimus prefato Georgio quod habeat et habebit has literas noftras Patentes sub magno Sigillo noftro Anglie debito modo factas et sigillatas | abfque fine seu feodo magno vel parvo nobis in hanaperio noftro seu alibi ad vfum noftrum proinde quoque modo reddendo solvendo vel faciendo. Co quod expreffa mentio de vero valore annuo vel de | certitudine premifforum sive eorum alicuius aut de alijs donis sive Conceffionibus per nos seu per aliquem Progenitorum sive Predecefforum noftrorum prefato Georgio ante hec tempora factis in | prefentibus minime facta exiftit aut aliquo Statuto Actu Ordinacione Provifione proclamatione sive reftrictione in contrarium inde antehac habit' fact' edit' ordinat' sive provis' aut aliqua alia re caufa | vel materia quacunque in aliquo non obftante. In Cuius rei teftimonium has literas noftras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teste me ipfo apud Weftmonafterium decimo sexto die ffebruarij Anno Regni | noftri Anglie ffrancie et Hibernie vicesimo secundo et Scocie quinquagesimo octauo:

per Breve de privato Sigillo: Edmondes:

Examinatur per Jo: Bembowe.

Translation.

JAMES, by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c., to the Archbishops, Dukes, Marquises, Earls, Viscounts, Bishops, Barons, Knights, Governors, freemen, and all our officers, ministers, and subjects whomsoever to whom the present letters shall come, Greeting. Forasmuch as an eminent body of Nobility, faithful to the King and well-deserving of the State is the ornament and prop of a Kingdom, and those worthily are adorned with the grace of more ample favour in whom We behold the zeal of more abundant service which in no wise can be more effectually than by honours rightly distributed, whereby not only they who are elevated 0050 46 to nobility, but even others also, incited by their example with a like hope, may be drawn to a zeal for virtue. We therefore, nearly considering in the person of Our well-beloved and entirely faithful Councillor, George Calvert, Knight, gravity of manners, singular gifts of mind, candour, integrity, and prudence, and benignity and urbanity toward all men, and also reflecting in Our mind with how great fidelity, diligence, and alacrity he has served Us, both in Our Kingdom of Ireland, whither, not long ago he was specially sent upon Our most weighty and very important business there, as also in this Our Kingdom of England, throughout many years, but especially since he was advanced near our person to the place and honour of a Councillor and Our principal Secretary, and Willing that some singular mark of Our Royal favour may remain unto the aforesaid George and unto his posterity forever, by which not only he, but Even others also may perceive how highly we prize the fidelity and obedience of the said George, and how much we desire to reward his virtues and merits. We have decreed Him to be inscribed among the number of the peers of Our said Kingdom of Ireland: Know Ye Therefore that We, of Our especial grace, and of Our Sure Knowledge and mere motion, have exalted, preferred, and created the aforesaid George Calvert, Knight, unto the estate, degree, dignity and honour of Baron Baltimore of Baltimore within Our Kingdom of Ireland, and Him the same George Calvert Knight, by the tenor of these presents, We do exalt, prefer, and create Baron Baltimore of Baltimore aforesaid; and upon the said George the name, estate, degree, style, dignity, title and honour of Baron Baltimore of Baltimore We have imposed, conferred, and bestowed, and by these presents do impose, confer, and bestow To Have and to hold the said name, estate, degree, style, dignity, title and honour of Baron Baltimore of Baltimore aforesaid unto the aforenamed George Calvert, Knight, and to the heirs male of his body issuing, forever: Willing, and by these presents granting, for Us, Our heirs and successors, that the aforesaid George and his heirs male 0051 47 aforesaid, shall successively bear and have, and each one of them shall bear and have, the name, estate, degree, style, dignity, title, and honour of Baron Baltimore of Baltimore aforesaid, and successively shall be called and named, and each one of them shall be called and named, by the name of Baron Baltimore of Baltimore: And that the said George and his heirs male aforesaid shall successively be held in all respects Barons Baltimore of Baltimore aforesaid, and as Barons of Our said Kingdom of Ireland shall be treated and reputed, and each one of them shall be held, treated, and reputed; and shall have, hold, and possess and each one of them shall have, hold and possess, seat, place, and voice in the Parliaments, public Assemblies, and Councils of Us, Our heirs and Successors within Our Kingdom of Ireland, among the other Barons, as Barons of Parliaments, public Assemblies, and Councils there. And also that the said George, and his heirs male aforesaid, shall enjoy and use and each one of them shall enjoy and use, by the name of Baron Baltimore, all and Singular such Rights, privileges, prëeminences and immunities unto the estate of a Baron of our said Kingdom of Ireland in all things rightfully and lawfully appertaining, as the other Barons of Our said Kingdom of Ireland heretofore better, more honorably, and more peaceably have used and enjoyed, or at present enjoy and use. We will also, and by these presents do grant unto the aforenamed George that he have and shall have these Our letters Patent under Our Great Seal of England duly made and sealed, without fine or fee, great or small, to us into Our Hanaper or elsewhere to Our use therefor in any manner to be returned, paid or made, Inasmuch as express mention of the true yearly value, or of the certainty of the premises, or of any of them; or of other gifts or grants by Us or by any of Our Progenitors or Predecessors unto the aforenamed George heretofore made, doth not occur in these presents, any Statute, Act, Ordinance, Provision, Proclamation or restriction to the contrary thereto heretofore had, made, published, ordained or provided, or any other thing, cause, or 0052 48 matter whatsoever in anywise notwithstanding. In testimony whereof these Our letters Patent We have caused to be made. Witness Myself at Westminster on the sixteenth day of February in the year of our Reign of England, France, and Ireland, the twenty-second, and of Scotland the fifty-eighth.

By Writ of the Privy Seal EDMONDES.

Will of Sir George Calvert Lord Baltimore dated 14. Ap: 1632 and proved on 21 of the same month in the prerogative Court of Canterbury.

In the name of God Amen I Sir George Caluert Knight Lord Baltimore being sicke of bodie but well in minde doe hereby declare my last will, and Testament to be ffirst I doe bequeath my soule to God, and my bodie to the ground Item I doe bequeath my lands, goods, and Chattells of what nature soeuer to my eldest sonne Cicill Caluert either in England, or Ireland, and elsewhere Item I doe giue, and bequeath to my daughter Hellen Caluert the some of Twelue hundred pounds to be paied vnto hir out of the monyes remayninge in the hands of my Lord Cottington, and Sr William Ashton ffeoffees for those monies to the vse of my younger Children wch some I doe desire to be paied vnto hir within sixe monethes next after my death, And I doe bequeath the remainder of those monies in the ffeoffees hands aforemenc?ned (this said porc?n being deducted) to be equally deuided amongest my three younger sonnes vizt Leonard, George, and Henry Caluert to be paied vnto them att theire seuerall ages of One, and Twenty—respectiuely. Item I doe giue, and bequeath to my youngest sonne Phillipp Caluert the some of three hundred pounds to be paied vnto him att the age of one, and Twenty, And for his educac?n and maintenance in the meane tyme I doe order and require my eldest sonne Cicell Caluert to take care, and be att the charge thereof. Item I doe give vnto my daughter Anne 0053 49 Peaseley and my daughter Grace Talbot each of them a Crosse of Goulde of the valew of ffortie shillings a peece, And likewise to my sonne in Lawe Robert Talbott, and William Peaseley Two other crosses of Gould of the same valew to be given vnto them within one moneth after my death. Item I doe give to my seruant William Mason the so?e of ffortie pounds Item I doe giue vnto my seruant Bridgett Draycoate the so?e of Twenty pounds. Item I doe giue vnto my seruant Edward Burke the some of ffyue pounds All which three fo?s to my seruants my will is that they be paied vnto them within Sixe monethes next after my death. Item I doe heereby appoint, and require my Sonne Cicill Caluert to paie and discharge all my debts that shall appeare to be due And all theise Legacies heerebefore menc?ned that are heere Charged vpon him And for better pforman? of this my last will, and Testamt I doe heereby nominate my sonne Cicell Caluert to be my sole Executor And desire my Noble, and auntient freinds the Lord Viscount Wentworth, and the Lord Cottington to be my ouerseers and supuisors thereof whome I likewise humblie request to haue a care of my poore familie, and to Patronize, and loue it as they have bene pleased to doe vnto mee ever since our first Acquaintau??e in Cort and elsewhere Item I doe give alsoe which I should haue menc?ned before amongst my kindred att Kiplie in the North the so?e of Twenty pounds to be disposed, att the discrec?n of my Executor and sonne Cicell Caluert because he knoweth the parties. In witnes whereof I haue this ffowerteenth daye of Aprill One Thowsand Sixe hundred Thirtie and Two putt my hande, and seale vnto this my last will, and Testament. Memorandum vpon further Considerac?n my will, and pleasure is That my sonne Leonard Caluert in regard that he is allreadie a man, and my second sonne he shall haue Nyne hundred pounds to be paied him within sixe monethes after my death out of the monyes remayninge in trust in the hands of the Lord Cottington, and Sr William Ashton my ffeoffees. And the remainder of the monies in theire hands (The saide porc?ns to my daughter Hellen and 7 0054 50 my sonne Leonard being deducted I doe bequeath to be devided equallie betweene my sonnes George Caluert, and Henry Caluert to be paied vnto them att the yeares of One and Twentie. And my will is that the first porc?n menc?ned in this will to be given to my sonne Leonard shalbe voide; GEORGE BALTIMORE This was signed, and sealed in the prsence of vs And before the saide signeing, and sealing besides the small interlyning in the other page theise words (my sonne Cicell Caluert to be my sole Executor ) menconed betweene the fourth and fifte lyne of this page besides theise other little interlinings were made. Tobie Mathew Leonard Caluert, Will: Peasely Will: Mason.

[This copy issued out of the prerogative Court of James Archbishop of Armagh, Primate of all Ireland and Metropolitan, and is tested June 5th, 1632.]

The Inventory of the Estate of Mr. George Calvert, Lord Baltimore.

A true and perfect Inventare of all and singuler the goods Creditts & Chattells of the Right hoble George Lord Baltimore deceased wch he had at the tyme of his death in this Kingdom of England taken the first day of ffebruary Anno D? 1632. stilo Anglie and praised by Wm Peasly John Langford and Thos ffludd as ffolloweth vizt.

Imprimis one lease of an Annuity or yearely pencon of one thousand pounds per Annm graunted to the sd George Lord Baltimore his executors Adtors and assignes by the kings Maty that now is for the terme of one and twenty yeares beginning at the feast of the Anunciac?n of the blessed Virgin Mary last past to be payd by his Matyes Customers out of the petty farmes &c vjm

0055 51

Item his Lo??s apparrell lxxli

Item his Lopps bookes ijli xs

Item in ready money and plate jcl

Item one thousand waight of badd Virginnia Tabacco yet vnfold worth 5d per pound xijli xs

Goods and ymplements of house & householdstuffe remayning in his Lo??s house in the backeside of Lincolnes Inne feilde vizt.

In the dyning roome.

Item tenn green cloth cheyres ijli xs

Item two great green Arming cheyres jli

Item two low green cloth cheyres xs

Item two Carpetts of cloth wth gilded leather iijli

Item one paire of brass Andirons ijli

Item one paire of yron Andyrons topt wth brass vjs

Item fireshovell & tonges vs

Item a payre of snuffers bellowes and two hand-skreenes of wicker vs

Item two Tables xvs

Item one window curtaine of Bristow stuffe and other peeces of such stuffe to line the windowes ili

In the litle passage roome ioyning to a Chamber.

Item one window curtaine of bristow stuffe wth some other broken peeces of the same ili

In the Bedchamber

Item one green bedd laced and the bedding belonging to it xli

0056 52

Item two great green cheyres laced and two litle cheyres sutable to the said Bedd ili

Item one Cupbord covered wth green cotten xs

Item two litle window curtaines and small peeces of stuffe about the roome xs

Item one payre of Iron Andirons topt wth brasse wth fyre shovell tonges snuffers & bellowes xs

Item a table wth a green cloth carpett on it xs

In another bed chamber

Item one halfe headed bedsteed wth a Canopy of Norwch stuffe & hangings of the same about the room wth a feather bedd boulster & bedclothes to it and a table and one window curtaine viijli

In a nother bedchamber

Item one bedsteed wth furniture of Norwch stuffe hangings Carpetts & two window Curtaines of the same stuffe wth a feather bedd boulster & bedclothes to it Andirons fireshovell tonges bellowes snuffers and a litle Table xli

Item one Trundle bedd & bedding for servants iiili

In another chamber

Item a halle headed bedsteed a trundle bedd a Canopy of Norwch stuffe wth bedding therevnto belonging and a window Curtaine vli

0057 53 In another Chamber

Item one paire of Iron Andyrons fireshovell tonges bellowes snuffers one window curtaine of Bristow stuffe & litle peeces of the same stuffe wth a litle Table ili xs

In the Garrett

Item one bedsteed wth a feather bedd & furniture to it two halfe headed bedsteeds wth flockbedds and bedclothes three Tables a press three Curtaines of darning two carpetts of Norwch stuffe a paire of Andyrons fireshovell and tonges a paire of bellowes fower leather Cheyres and fower leather stooles vili

In the kitchin

Item pewter and tynne vessells vli

Item vessells of brasse & yron & other ymplements of the kitchin viiili

In the hall.

Item a settle beadd wth a flockbedd and bedclothes to it three ioyned stooles a fireshovell and tonges ili

Item Lumbar in and about the house ijli

Item in ready money remayning in the hands of the Lord Cottington and Sr Wm Ashton in trust for the vse of some of the younger children of the sd Lord Baltymore and disposed of by his will iijm iiijc lli xs

Smm? totalis hui-us Inventarij ixm viic xxiijli

0058 54

This copy is duly tested by Gilbert Dethick, Notary Public, 1, ffeb. 1632–3.

Tender of the First Year's Rent.

[Indorsement] 23 Aprill 1633.

Coppy of my letter | to the Deputy Constable | of Windsor Castle when | I sent my first rent | of 2 Indian Arrowes for | Mary Land. | by John Langford.

Sr

By a late grant of a Territory or continent of land called Mary Land in America, passed vnto me vnder the greate seale of England I am to pay his Matie at every yeare on the Tuesday in Easter weeke at his castle of Windsor two Indian arrowes: as a yearely rent for the said Territory. wch Arrowes I have accordingly sent by this bearer my seruant to be payd accordingly. and I desire yor acquittance for the receipt of them

so I rest Yor very louing freind.

Receipt for the First Year's Rent.

[Indorsement] 23 Aprill 1633 being Tuesday in Easter weeke.

A certificate of the tendring of my rent to the King at Windsot Castle for Mary Land: by the hands of John Langford.

Tuesday the xxiiith day of Aprill 1633 in the Ninth yeare of the raigne of or Soveraigne Lord King Charles.

Memorand. that the day and yeare abouesaid the right honorable Cecill Lord Baltimore hath tendred and left by the handes of his Seruant John Langford at and in the Castle of Windsor in the Countie of Berk Two Jndian Arrowes for one yeares rent due to 0059 55 the Kinges Matie this present day for a Territory or continent of land called Maryland in America granted by his Matie vnder the great Seale of England to the said Lord Baltimore vnder the yearlie rent aforesaid. Jn testimonie whereof we have herevnto subscribed the day and yeare abouesaid.

W Thomas keep of his Maties Wardrobe

James Euelegh

George Starkey

0060 0061

CALENDAR OF THE CALVERT PAPERS.

PREPARED BY JOHN W. M. LEE. 8

0062 0063 59
ARRANGEMENT.

A. MARYLAND.

Page.

I. Charter and Related Papers, 61

II. Colonization and Plantation, 62

III. Government:

1. Proclamations, Orders, Commissions, &c., 64

2. Council Records, 71

3. Assembly Records, 72

4. Laws, 74

IV. Land Records, Grants, &c., 76

V. Court Records, Wills, &c., 79

VI. Account Books, 81

VII. Indians, 83

VIII. Virginia, 83

IX. Letters, 84

B. BOUNDARY DISPUTES: DELAWARE AND PENNSYLVANIA.

X. Lands on Delaware Peninsula, 93

XI. Extracts from Records in England and America, 97

XII. Penn vs. Lord Baltimore:

1. Court Proceedings, 100

2. Agreements, 105

3. Appointment of Commissioners, 106

4. Commissioners' Reports, 107

5. Surveyor's Reports, 108

6. Maps, 109

7. Letters, 109

8. Miscellaneous, 111

C. AVALON.

XIII. 113

D. THE CALVERT FAMILY.

XIV. Grants, Deeds and other Documents Relating to Land, &c., in England. Parchment, 115

XV. Personal Letters. 124

XVI. Heraldic Documents, 126

0064 0065 61
CALENDAR OF THE CALVERT PAPERS.
A. MARYLAND.

I. The Charter; and Related Papers.

1632. June 12. The Charter. In Latin. 7 pp., fo. Two copies. Same. In English. 6 pp., fo.

[Copies made about 1740.]

22 James I. March 4. Exemplification of the Patent for the Barony of Baltimore.

Questions and Opinions as to Lord Baltimore's title to the Province (Calvert and Eden).

The Charter of Maryland, together with the debates and proceedings of the Upper and Lower Houses of Assembly in the years 1722, 1723, and 1724, relating to the Government and Judicature of the Province. Collected from the Journals and Published by order of the Lower House.

Philadelphia. Printed and Sold by Andrew Bradford at the Bible in the Second Street, 1725.

Sm. fo. Title, 10 pp., Preface IV, and Proceedings, 64 pp.

The Lord | Baltemore's | Case, | Concerning the Province of Maryland, | adjoyning to Virginia in | America | with full 0066 62 and clear Answers to all material Objections, | touching his Rights, Jurisdictions, and | Proceedings there. | And certaine Reasons of State, why the Parliament | should not impeach the same. |

Unto which is also annexed, a true Copy of a Commis|-sion from the late King's Eldest Son to Mr. William | Davenant, to dispossess the Lord Baltemore of | the said Province, because of his adhe|-rence to this Common-Wealth. |

London, | Printed in the Yeare 1653.

Sm. 4o. Title. 20 pp.

1751. May 4. Case under the will of Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore. 3 pp., fo.

1751. May 30. Another case under same. 7 pp., fo.

1761. Jan. 31. Settlement of the Province of Maryland pursuant to Marriage Articles.

[Another Copy. Parchment.]

Notes on the Marriage Settlement of Frederick, Lord Baltimore.

1805. Mch. 15. John Clapham: Affidavit about quit-rents due Henry Harford in 1774.

II. Colonization and Plantation.

1633. Nov. 13. Instructions of Lord Baltimore to the first emigrants.

[In the handwriting of Caecilius, Lord Baltimore.]

1634–5. The Lord Baltimore's declaration to the Lords, about Molestors of the old Virginia Company.

1649. July 2. Duplicate of his Lordship's last Conditions of Plantation. [On three sheets of parchment.]

1650. Aug. 6. Declaration of Caecilius, Lord Baltimore.

[Parchment.]

0067 63

163? The Lord Baltimore's Declaration about his Patent and Molestors of the Old Virginia Company.

16? Heads of Inquiry relating to Maryland by Commissioners of Trade and Plantation to Lord Baltimore. Government of the Province.

1664. Sep. 1. Copartnership between William Allen and Henry Sewall, for the manufacture of Muscovy Glass or Slade (Mica) in the Province of Maryland.

[Parchment.]

A Release of Maryland Land to uses.

[Unexecuted. Parchment.]

1690.? Petition of Charles, Lord Baltimore, to the King for a confirmation of his grant, notwithstanding the words “hactenus inculto.”

1704. Queen Anne. Erection of Annapolis to a city.

[Imperfect.]

17? The several reasons assigned by the Assembly—the following answer wch occurred to me to make to the Reasons. Conditions of Plantation.

1749. Petition of Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore, to House of Commons. Paper Bills of Credit.

1753. Jan. Petition of Caecilius Calvert to Lords of the Treasury, asking return of arms and ammunition furnished the expedition to Canada.

1753. Aug. 23. Copy of the Proceedings of the Parochial Clergy of Maryland at a meeting at Annapolis. 18 pp., fo.

1753. Oct. Account of what passed at a meeting of the Clergy at Annapolis. 14 pp., fo.

1754. Jan. 5. Answer to Address of Clergy.

1754. July 3. Capitulation granted by M. de Villier to the English troops in Fort Necessity.

1758. July 12. Report of Commissioners of Trade on Petition of Assembly. Exportation of Corn.

1758. Aug. 23. Letter from Wm. Sharpe, clerk of Privy Council, to Lord Baltimore accompanying same.

0068 64

1757–1758. Muster Roll of Maryland Forces, Fort Frederick. Attested by Gov. Horatio Sharpe. 29 Sep. 1759.

1757–1758. State of Accounts of David Ross, for sums due him on account of Maryland Forces.

1758. Sep. 16–19. Answers to Queries published in the London Chronicle. Tax on Lord Proprietor's Lands.

1762. Answer to Remarks on the Upper and Lower Houses.

1763. Nov. 17. Answers to Queries relating to the Police and Government of Maryland published in the Public Ledger. [Imperfect.]

1764. An Account of the Paper Currency or Paper Bills of Credit that have been issued since Jan. 1749.

The Right of the Inhabitants of Maryland to the Benefit of the English Laws. Annapolis, 1728. Sm. fo., 35 pp. Preface signed by D. Dulany.

III. Government.

Subsections: 1. Proclamations, Orders, Commissions, etc.

2. Council Records.

3. Assembly Records.

4. Laws.

1. Proclamations, Orders, Commissions, etc.

1658–1681. Book of Presidents [Precedents]. Small folio. 32 pages.

Contents:

1658. July 15. Commission to Samuel Telghman as Admiral.

1681. Sep. 6. Commission to Judge Testamentary to use coercive power.

0069 65

1672. Nov. 20. Commission to Judge in Testamentary Cases.

Oath of Governor.

“ “ Chancellor.

“ “ Councillor.

“ “ Lord Proprietary's Secretary in Maryland.

1657. Nov. 18. Proclamation and Oath of Submission.

1658. Aug. 12. Commission to Receiver General.

“ “ “ Instructions “ “ “

1671. July 29. Charles Calvert, Governor, Commission to Philip Calvert upon the Governor's leaving for England.

1660. June 24. Revocation of Fendall's Commission.

1660. “ “ Commission in event of death of Governor.

1656. Nov. 10. Instructions to Receiver General.

1660. Aug. 24. Proclamation to apprehend Fendall.

1660. “ “ Proclamation excluding Gerard and Fendall from pardon.

1669/70. Mch. 21. Instructions.

1660. Sep. 16. Private orders.

1660. June 21. Revocation of Fendall's Commission. [parchment.]

1665/6. Feb. 16. Instructions to Charles Calvert, Governor, and the Council. 4 pp., folio.

1665/6. Mch. 9. Same to same, about Acts to be passed. 4 pp., folio.

1667. Oct. 30. Thelling's Orders. Cessation of Tobacco planting.

1669. July 29. Commission left by Charles Calvert, Governor, on leaving for England, to Philip Calvert as Deputy Governor. [Parchment.] 9

0070 66

1669–1670. Instructions about Settlement of the Seaboard. Sm. folio. 7 pages.

Contents:

1669. July 28. To Charles Calvert, Governor.

1669. Oct. 22. Council Proceedings on above.

1669. Nov. 26. Letter from Jerome White to Col. Lovelace.

1669/70. Mch. 20. Instructions to Charles Calvert, Governor.

1674. June 1. Conditions of Plantation.

1685. Aug. 10. James II. Instructions to Charles, Lord Baltimore. Navigation Act. Signed by the King.

1715. George I. Instructions to Lord Guilford, guardian of Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore.

Forms for entry and clearance of vessels.

1722–1736. Instructions from Charles, Lord Baltimore. Sm. folio. 18 pages.

Contents:

1722. Dec. 5. To Nicholas Lowe.

1723. Feb. 23. “ same.

1723. Sep. 27. “ same.

?? “ same.

?? “ same.

1728. Apl. 5. “ same.

1733. June 18. “ M. Telghman.

1735. Mch. 25. “ B. Tasker.

1735. May 26. “ same.

1735. Aug. 2. “ same.

1735. “ “ “ Ogle.

1735. Dec. 15. “ Tasker.

1735/6. Mch.18.” same.

1728. June 19. Commission to Edward Henry Calvert as First Member of the Privy Council of Maryland. [Parchment.]

0071 67

1729/30. Jan. Commission to Caecilius Calvert and Thomas Beake as Secretaries.

1729–1750. Copies of Orders and Instructions of Charles, Lord Baltimore. Small folio. 118 pages.

Contents:

1729. Oct. 14. Caecilius Calvert's petition to the King on behalf of Charles, Lord Baltimore.

1729. Dec. 18. Report of Privy Council on above.

1729.? Petition of J. Henderson and other clergy.

1729/30. Jan. 17. Memorial of Traders.

1729/30. “ “ Petition of J. Henderson.

1729/30. “ 22. “ “ “

1729/30. “ 22. “ of John Sharpe and other lawyers, and reply of Lord Baltimore.

1729/30. “ 30. Dissent to Act of Assembly.

“ “ “ Instructions to Governor.

“ “ “ Additional Instructions to Governor.

1729/30. “ “ Instructions to Agent.

“ Mch. 9. Yorke's opinion on Acts.

? Answer to Clergy Address.

1730. July 19. Instructions to Agent.

1730. Nov. 18. Petition of Henderson.

? “ “ Traders.

1737. Aug. 18. Order of Council.

1737. Oct. 12. Instructions to Ogle.

1737. “ “ “ “ Tasker.

1738. Mar. 28. Form for entering Tobacco free.

1738. May 4. Agreement between Baltimore and Penn.

1738. May 25. Order of King on above.

0072 68

1730/1. May 30. Answer to Assembly.

“ 29. Instructions to Governor.

“ “ Additional Instructions to Governor.

“ “ Letter to Clergy.

“ “ “ “ Charles Calvert.

“ “ Instructions to Agent.

? “ “ Governor.

1732. May 5. King's additional Instructions to Lord Baltimore.

June 16. Commissioners of Trade to Ogle.

1732/3. Feb. 23. William Jansen to Commissioners of Trade.

1734. Aug. 10. Additional instructions to Ogle.

1731.? Form of patent for appointment of new Governor.

1732/3? Form in French for admission of Palatines.

? Form of appointment for Privy Councillor.

1733. June 18. Orders to Surveyor General.

“ “ “ “ Agent.

“ “ “ “ Ogle.

“ June 14. Orders to Jennings.

“ “ “ “ “ Agent.

“ “ 15. Additional Orders to Agent.

1735. Mch 25. Orders to Tasker.

May 26. “ “ same.

“ “ Instructions to Jennings.

“ “ “ “ Ogle.

Aug. 2. “ “ same.

“ “ “ “ Tasker.

Dec. 14. “ “ Ogle.

“ “ “ “ Tasker.

1735/6. Mch. 18. “ “ same.

0073 69

1736/7. Jan. 22. Opinion of Attorney General on nomination of Treasurer for Maryland.

1735. Dec. 14. Answer to Assembly.

1736/7. Jan. 10. “ “ “

1733? Instructions to Receiver General.

1738. Dec. 15. “ “ Ogle.

“ “ “ “ “ Jennings.

1738/9. Feb. 22. “ “ Tasker.

1740/1. Jan.? “ “ Ogle.

1741. Aug. 12. “ “ same.

“ “ “ “ “ Tasker.

1741. Dec. 23. Proclamation.

1742. May 12. Speech to Assembly.

1742. “ “ Proclamation.

1742. “ 28. Orders to Bladen.

1742/3. Mch. 24. “ “ same.

1742/3. “ “ Proclamation.

1743. Aug. 9. Orders to Bladen.

1743. “ “ Answer to Upper House.

1743. “ “ “ “ Assembly.

1743. July 20. Proclamation.

1743. Aug. 10. Answer to Assembly.

1743. Dec. 2. Order to Bladen.

1743. “ 23. Proclamation.

1743. “ 23. Orders to Bladen.

1745. Aug. 7. “ “ same.

1746/7. Jan. 30. “ “ same.

1746/7. Mch. 20. Proclamation.

1746. Apl. 2. Orders.

1746. Apl. 4. Schedule of Deeds and Papers in Hyde Case sent to Maryland.

1746. July 6. Orders to Tasker.

1747/8. Feb. 24. “ “ Land Office.

1749/50. Feb. 6. “ “ Ogle.

0074 70

1751–1753. Instructions in Letter Book of Frederick, Lord Baltimore.

As under:

1752. May 10. Onslow and Sharpe, Guardians to Ogle.

“ “ “ Same to Tasker.

July 8. Same to same.

“ “ Same to same.

1751. June 30. Same to Ogle.

1753. Mch. 17. Frederick, Lord Baltimore, to Sharpe.

“ “ “ Same to same.

1753. Mch. Form of Commission for Domestic Chaplain. Separate Instructions of Frederick, Lord Baltimore.

1754. Jan. 5. to Sharpe.

“ “ “ “ Lloyd.

“ Apl. 17. “ same.

“ “ “ “ Sharpe.

“ “ “ “ Upper House.

“ “ “ “ Lower House.

“ Dec. 10. “ Sharpe.

“ “ “ “ Lloyd.

1755. Sep. 9. “ Sharpe.

Oct. 27. “ same.

? “ same. Rough draft.

1756. Mch. 9. “ same.

Dec. 16. “ same.

“ “ “ Lloyd.

1757. Apl. 31. “ Mr. Beadnall. Letter.

1758. Sep. 30. “ Assembly.

Nov. 27. “ Sharpe.

1759. Mch. 17. “ same.

“ 29. “ William Perkins. Letter.

0075 71

June 19. to Lords of Treasury. Letter.

1760. July 8. “ Sharpe.

Oct. 30. “ same.

Dec. 20. “ same.

“ “ “ same.

1761. Aug. “ same.

Oct. 8. “ same.

“ “ “ same.

“ “ “ same.

1762. June 16. “ same.

1765. Jan. 16. “ same.

1765. “ “ “ same.

1765. “ “ “ same and Council.

“ “ “ “ same. Rough draft.

“ “ “ “ Sharpe.

“ “ “ “ same.

“ “ “ “ same.

“ Feb. 7. “ same.

“ “ 26. “ same.

??? about repositories for Archives. Two copies.

Hints to be submitted to his Lordship's perusal and consideration only and in order to frame proper instructions to his Governor.

1751. Aug. 17. Appointment of Caecilius Calvert as Secretary for Maryland.

1751. Sept. 1. Appointment of Edmund Jennings as Deputy Secretary of Maryland.

1761. June 25. Bond of Daniel Dulany as Commissary General.

2. Council Records.

1638–1685. Extracts. Folio, 60 pages.

1677. Apl. 13, June 24. Sm. folio.

1677. June 24. Seating the seaboard.

1683/4. Mch. 12, 19. Planting Northern border. Fo., 4 pp.

0076 72 Talbott's commission for taking Newcastle and instructions about settling the country. Folio, 4 pages.

1683/4. Mch. 22.

1684. Oct. 3.

1684. Nov. 5.

1685. May 30.

1685. June 1.

1685/6. Mch. 4.

1685. Apl. 10. Treaty with Indians. Folio, 4 pages.

1715. Sep. 3.

1715–1716. Dec.-Feb. Sm. folio. 30 pages. Council Seal.

1715. Apl. 23–25. “ 12 pages.

1716/7. Jan. 11. “ 16 pages.

1719. Sep. 10. “ 17 pages.

1736. Oct. 21. Cresap affair.

1739. Aug. 1. Sm. fo. 7 pages.

1753. Dec. 19. “ 2 pages.

1756. Nov. 13. “ 26 pages.

3. Assembly Records.

Upper House Journals.

1717. Apl. 22. 152 pp.

1719. May 14. 129 pp.

1720. Apl. 5. 128 pp.

1721. July 19. 100 pp.

1722. Oct. 10. 59 pp.

1723. Sep. 23. 167 pp.

1725. Oct. 16. 131 pp.

1725/6. Mch. 15. 35 pp.

1726. July 25. 52 pp.

1727. Oct. 10. 30 pp.

1729. July 19. not paged, perfect.

1731. May 24. 79 pp.

1732/3. Mch. 13. 71 pp.

1733/4. Mch. 19. 10 pp.

1736. Apl 10. 71 pp.

1736. Apl. 20. 49 pp.

1739. May 1. 71 pp.

1740. Apl. 23. 109 pp.

1740. July 7. not paged, perfect.

1742. Sep. 21. 65 pp.

1746. Mch. 29. 32 pp.

1746. July 8. 40 pp.

1746. Nov. 12. 21 pp.

1747. May 16. 65 pp.

1748. May 10. 69 pp.

1751. May 15. 53 pp.

0077 73

1751. Dec. 7. 15 pp.

1752. June 3. 38 pp.

1754. Feb. 26. 12 pp.

1754. May 8. 35 pp.

1754. July 17. 16 pp.

1754. Dec. 12. 13 pp.

1755. Feb. 22. 50 pp.

1755. June 23. 20 pp.

1756. Feb. 22. 81 pp.

1756. Sep. 14. 45 pp.

1757. Apl. 8. 43 pp.

1757. Sep. 28. 69 pp.

1758. Feb. 13. 17 pp.

1758. Mch. 28. 129 pp.

1758. Oct. 23. 9 pp.

1758. Nov. 22. 31 pp.

1759. Apl. 4. 12 pp.

1760. Mch.22. 36 pp.

1760. Sep. 26. 23 pp.

1761. Apl. 13. 34 pp.

1762. Mch. 17. 131 pp.

1758. Proceedings of both houses on the Supply Bill, with short introduction and opinion of the Atty. Genl. Large folio, pp. 32.

Lower House Journals.

1716. Apl. 22. 14 pp.

1717. May 28. not paged, perfect.

1718. Apl. 22. 116 pp.

1719. May 14. 162 pp.

1720. Apl. 5. 89 pp.

1720. Oct. 11. 61 pp.

1721. July 18. 90 pp.

1721/2. Feb. 20. not paged, perfect.

1722. Oct. 9. not paged, perfect.

1723. Sep. pp. 1–5 missing., 170 pp.

1724. Oct. 6. 113 pp.

1725. Oct. 6. 108 + 13½ pp.

1725/6. Mch. 15. not paged, perfect.

1726. July 12. 34 pp.

1728. Oct. 3. 172 pp.

1729. July 10. 159 pp.

1747. Dec. 22. 19 pp.

1749. May 24. 168 pp.

1751. Dec. 7. 31 pp.

1752. June 3. 62 pp.

1754. Feb. 24. 64 pp.

1754. May 8. 66 pp.

1754. Dec. 12. 34 pp.

1755. June 23. pp. 1–2, 95–100 and all after p. 102 missing.

1756. Feb. 23. all after p. 289 missing.

1756. Sep. 14. all after p. 106 missing. 10

0078 74

1757. Apl. 8. 140 pp.

1757. Sep. 28. 245 pp.

1758. Feb. 13. 44 pp.

1758. Mch. 20. all after p. 249 missing.

1758. Oct. 23. 43 pp.

1760. Mch. 23. 201 pp.

1761. Apl. 13. 119 pp.

1762. Aug. 27. 207 pp. 197–204 missing.

1739–1763. 30 Addresses from the Assembly to the Governor, Lord Proprietary and the King.

Votes and Proceedings of the Lower House at the sessions of printed.

1752. June 3.

1753. Oct. 2. two copies.

1754. May 8.

1754. July 17.

1755. Feb. 22.

1757. Sep. 28.

1758. Mar. 28.

1760. Sep. 26.

1763. Oct. 4.

4. Laws.

1638/9–1739. Acts relating to support of government. [Attested copy, 1729.]

Contents:

1638/9. Mch. 19. Ordeining Certain Laws.

1641. Mch. 28. Granting one subsyde.

1642. July 30. Support of Government.

1671. Mch. 27. same and Lord Proprietary.

1692. May 10. Annual Revenue.

1699. Ascertaining Acts of the Province.

1700. Apl. 4. Council, with order of Privy Council.—Laws.

1704. Sep. 5. Annual Revenue.

0079 75

1716. July 17. Gage of Tobacco hhds.

1716. “ “ Disposition of Fines.

1732. Sep. 29. Annual Revenue.

1739. Council to King.

1650. Aug. 6. Act assented unto by Lord Proprietary. Brought from Maryland in the troublesome times. [Five sheets of parchment.]

1650–1684. Acts. Sm. folio, 10 pages.

Contents:

1650. May. Purchasing Land from Indians.

1671. Mch. Support of Lord Proprietary.

1674. May. Gratitude to Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore.

1676. May. Continuing the payment of 2 shillings per hhd.

1684. Apl 26. Council's declaration concerning the 2 shillings per hhd.

1649–1692. Acts. Attested in 1759.

Contents:

1649. Apl. Levying war.

1661. “ Raising forces for defence.

“ “ Repeal of Act for Customs.

1692. June 7. “ “ “ confirming Laws.

1649. Apl. Levying war.

1661. “ 17. Repeal of Act for Customs.

“ “ “ Support of Government.

“ “ “ Port Duties.

1664. Sept. 27 Acts.

1666. Apl. 10. 28 Acts.

1672. May 10. Annual Revenues.

1676. Mch. 15. 21 Acts. [First and sixth leaf missing.]

1686. Nov. 19. Acts. [Parchment book.]

1688. Nov. 10 Acts.

0080 76

1706. Apl. Act for advancement of trade and Proceedings of the Commissioners, July 15, 1706-Sept. 2, 1707.

1715. Apl. Body of Laws. 200 pages, sm. folio.

1718. May 8. Settling bounds of several lots in Annapolis.

1744. Raising 4d. per hhd. of Tobacco for Arms. Two copies.

1747. May 16. Selling liquors and running horse races near Yearly Meeting of Quakers.

1754. Feb. 26. Titles and observations on Acts passed.

1754. July 24. Raising £6,000 for His Majesty's service.

175? Second part of Act granting supply of £40,000.

1762. Mch. Titles of Acts passed.

178? To procure loan and Sale of Escheat Land and the Confiscation of British property.

Laws in force to 1727. Sm. fo. sh., 1727.

official, printed.

1732. July 11. Session Laws.

1732/3. Mch. 13. do.

1741. June 17 to 1742. Sep.-Oct.

do. on separate sheets,

1753. Oct. do.

1754. Feb. 26. do.

1763. Nov. 26. do.

Address of Assembly to Gov. Sharpe, and his reply, Apl. 14–15, 1761. Death of George II. Broadside, two copies.

Petition of Jonas Green, about Printing, 1763. Broadside.

IV. Land Records, Grants, &c.

1633–1657. A note of all warrants for the Granting of Lands in Maryland. 6 pp., fo.

0081 77

1634–1660. Grants of Land in Calvert, St. Mary's, Isle of Kent and Charles Counties. 113 pp., fo.

1639. Nov. 5. Grant to Walter Notley. [Parchment.]

1640/9. Feb. 12. Same to Abel Snow. do.

1658. July 30. Order of Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, to restore the estate of William Nugent, Standard Bearer of the Province, to his widow. [Parchment.]

1665. Apl. 5. Grant to Jane Sewall. do.

1669. May 15. Sale of Eltonhead Manor, Calvert Co., to Charles Calvert. [Parchment.]

Grant to George Thompson. do.

After 1662. Extracts from the Land Records.

Transcribed and attested Sep. 19, 1758.

Contents:

1674. July 13. Grant to Raymond Stapleford.

1679. Dec. 24. Richard Meekin's Certificate.

1679. Sep. 4. William Bourne's do.

1683. Sep. 10. Grant to John Kemball.

1663. May 27. Same to Francis Armstrong.

1683. May 25. John Pollard's Certificate.

1670. Sep. 1. Grant to Stephen Garey.

1680. Apl. 19. Walter Jones' Certificate.

1668. May 29. Three Grants to Thomas Taylor.

1679. Sep. 17. Thomas Smithson, assignment of Land on Miles River to M. Morrison of London. [Parchment.]

1681. July 1. Conveyance of St. Mary's Hill, St. Mary's Co., from William Boreman to Philip Calvert. [Parchment.]

1684. Oct. 11. Purchase of Land by Charles, Lord Baltimore, from Thomas Smithson of Talbot Co. [Parchment.]

1699. Oct. 16. Lease from Richard Bennett to Edward Somerset. [Parchment.]

0082 78

1699. Oct. 21. Lease from Edward Somerset and Charles, Lord Baltimore, to Richard Bennett and James Heath. Lands in Maryland. [Parchment.]

1701. Oct. 10. Grant to Charles Carroll of Land in Anne Arundel Co. [Parchment.]

1721. Suit against Thomas Clark. Land in Prince George's Co.

1721. Oct. 29. Deposition of E. Griffith. Land in Cecil Co.

1722. Apl. 24. Certificate of Survey of Partner's Adventure.

1722. Apl. 27, 29. Writs by Gov. Keith for apprehending Philip Syng.

1722. May 28. Examination before Governor and Council in Philadelphia. Questions Athea P. Syng as to land in Maryland surveyed by him.

1722. June 18. Gov. Keith's warrant to lay out land on Susquehanna.

1722. July 20. Bounds of manors in Cecil Co.

1722. July 24. Same.

? Petition of Inhabitants of New Munster, Cecil Co. Bounds.

1729. Deed from Henry Darnall to John Hyde. Land in Prince George's Co.

1731. Jan. 28. Patent of Land to Thomas Cresap [parchment], and various depositions relating thereto on paper.

1739. Petition of Charles Carroll. Land in Anne Arundel Co.

1744. Same of Minister of Shrewsbury Parish, Kent Co. Confirmation of Grant.

1745. Feb. 18. Six documents relating to a tract of land in Prince George's County, in which Charles Lord Baltimore, Samuel, John and Herbert Hyde and others are interested. [Parchments.]

0083 79

1754. Petition and other papers of Bennett Chew. Land at Turkey Point.

17? Petition of Inhabitants of New Munster, Cecil Co. Confirmation of their Grant.

? Affidavit of Moses Faudrie. Land case.

1759. Sep. 28. Copy of Farmer's Bond for collecting Quit Rents. Forms of four warrants.

Forms of Patent for Land as issued in Pennsylvania and Maryland.

Same. Virginia and New York.

1622. Feb. 20. Grant from the King of an annuity of £121 13s.4d. to Sir George Calvert for eighty years, if George Calvert, Esq., his son, shall so long live. [Parchment, with Great Seal.]

1627. Apl. 20. Grant from Charles I of a subsidy on Silk to George, Lord Baltimore. [Parchment.]

V. Court Records, Wills, &c.

1632. Apl. 14. Will of George Calvert, Lord Baltimore. [Parchment.]

1632/3. Feb. 1. Inventory of goods and chattells of George Calvert, Lord Baltimore. [Parchment.]

1635. Nov. 25. Grant by the Prerogative Court of Canterbury to Caecilius, Lord Baltimore, of administration on the estate of his brother, Henry Calvert, who died abroad or at sea and unmarried. [Parchment.]

1658. Divers proceedings in the Provincial Court. 8 pages.

168? Forms for the Provincial Court. 34 pages folio.

1691. Nov. 26. Mrs. Jane Calvert's Deed of Trust for payment of debts.

0084 80

1694. July 10. Post-Nuptial Settlement by the Hon. Edward Somerset on Anne, his wife, and daughter of Charles, Lord Baltimore. Signed by Somerset and Baltimore. [Parchment.]

1698. Two Copies of last paragraph of will of James Murphy.

1734. Case under the Act of 1704. Support of Government.

1718. Chancery Proceedings. Macnemara case.

1719. Case of Officers' Fees.

1721. Oct. 10. Provincial Court, Anne Arundel Co.

1725. Apl. 13. Mrs. Jane Hyde's Jointure. [Parchment.]

1728/9. Provincial Court. Nelson vs. Beale.

1732. Apl. 22. Will of Benedict Leonard Calvert. [Parchment.]

1736. Feb. 8. Duke of Beauford to Charles, Lord Baltimore and Caecilius Calvert, security for an annuity of £200, during life of Mrs. Brerewood. [Parchment, unexecuted.]

1738. Aug. 5. Release from Mrs. Margaret Calvert to Charles, Lord Baltimore, of £1000 and of his annuity to her of £100. [Two copies on parchment and rough draft on paper.]

? Case of Charles, Lord Baltimore, vs. Sir Abraham Janfsen (Baronet) for recovery of Lady Baltimore's portion of Mr. Theodore Janfsen's estate. Two copies.

1739. Provincial Court. Daniel Dulany, Atty. General, vs. Charles Carroll. Land case.

1739. June 9. Case under the will of Hon. Benedict Leonard Calvert.

1740. Sept. 19. Will of William Leman. [Parchment.]

1745. Oct. 31. Declaration of trust of New South Sea stock held under the will of William Leman. [Parchment.]

0085 81

1753. Statement as to ordinary Licenses in Maryland.

1754. Nov. 16. Opinion on the Law of 1720.

1754. Statement of the 2s. per hhd. duty to the Lord Proprietary. 41 pages, large folio.

Same, another copy. 65 pages, folio.

1754. Mch. 27. Release from Cecilius Calvert and Thomas Bladen of sums due Frederick, Lord Baltimore, sisters.

1755. May 6. Case Maryland Duty on Convicts.

1756. Remarks on the Act made Feb. 23. Two copies.

1757. May 24. Memorial of John Stewart to Lord Baltimore. Transportation of felons.

1757. June 25. Act for his Majesty's Service of 1754. Henley's opinion. 5 pp., fo.

? Case on two Maryland Acts.

Testimony of convicted persons.

Punishment of negroes. 3 pp., fo.

1757/8. Remarks on the bill for support of the Lord Proprietary. 6 pages, others missing; two copies.

1760. Oct. 13. Lord Proprietary vs. David Ross. Debt.

1770. May 4. Marriage Articles of John Hyde and Hon. Jane Calvert. [Parchment.]

1739–1759. Burton vs. Calvert. Land in Wiltshire. 44 papers.

1748. Earl of Shelburne. Land in Wiltshire. 20 papers.

1748. Sept. 26. Will of Robert Eden. [Parchment.]

VI. Account Books And Related Papers.

Land office accounts for 1735, 1736, 1748, 1751, 1752, 1754, 1755, 1756, 1757, 1760, 1761. 11 volumes, small folio.

Maurice Birchfield's account of Fees. 1714–1722.

List of Bills Receivable. 1751–2–3.

Account of the Commissioners of the Paper Currency. 1739.

Account of Paper Currency issued since January, 1749. 11

0086 82

Comrs. of Paper Currency to Lord Baltimore. Aug. 16, 1746.

Same to Trustees of Paper Currency. “ “ “

The usual way of raising money in Maryland for Defence. 1744.

Observations on the Defence bill. 1744.

Naval officers' accounts. 16 papers. 1753–1761.

Accounts of Quit Rents. 40 papers. 1753–1762.

Seconds of thirty–nine bills of Exchange. 1767.

Part of an account book of Benedict Leonard Calvert. 1727. 52 pp.

Rent Rolls with the earliest and latest dates of the Land Grants in the different counties.

Talbot, 1658–1722, and Queen Anne, 1640–1724.

Calvert, 1651–1723, and Prince George's, 1650–1723.

Somerset, 1663–1723, and Dorchester, 1659–1723.

Kent, 1658–1724, and Cecil, 1658–1724.

Anne Arundel, 1651–1718, and Baltimore, 1658–1723. 5 volumes, thick small folio.

Rent Rolls of

Baltimore, 1700.

Calvert, 1707.

St. Mary's, 1707.

Anne Arundel, 1707.

Cecil, 1707.

Dorchester, 1707.

Kent, 1707.

Talbot, 1707.

Somerset, 1707.

Charles, 1753.

Calvert, 1753.

Anne Arundel, 1755.

Calvert, 1759.

Charles, 1762. 14 volumes, sm. folio.

Debt Books of

Prince George's, 1750.

Charles, 1750.

Baltimore, 1750.

Anne Arundel, 1750. 4 volumes, sm. folio.

Accounts of the Lords Baltimore's Revenues for 1731, 1733, 1748, 1752, 1753, 1754, 1755, 1756, 1757, 1758, 1759, 1760, 1761. 13 volumes, small folio.

Lord Baltimore's Receipt book. 1729–1750.

Account of dividends on Lord Baltimore's stocks. 1757–1760.

0087 83

Accounts of Henry Hooper, agent. 1773–1774.

Schedule of the Estate of Frederick, Lord Baltimore. Proven May 27, 1783. Folio, 87 pages.

VII. Indians.

1677. May 22. Henry Coursey to Thomas Notley. Delaware Indians.

1677. July 20. Propositions made to the Onondagas at Albany by Col. H. Coursey and their answer.

1677. July 21. Propositions made to the Maquas, and Sinnecoes, and others, and their answers.

1734. Dec. 12. Maquas Indian Letter to the King. Certified copy with Seal of Albany.

1744. June 12. Edmund Jennings to Lord Baltimore in reference to treaty with the Six Nations.

1744. June 30. Treaty with the Six Nations. Potomac and Susquehanna Lands. Three copies.

1744. July 8. Edmund Jennings to Lord Baltimore in reference to the treaty. Two copies.

VIII. Virginia.

1623. Oct. 8. Privy Council. Virginia affairs.

1634. July 22. King and Council to Gov. and Council, order to give Capt. W. Button Land on Appomattox.

1634. Oct. 8. His Majesty's Letter to Richard Bennett, Gov. of Virginia, in behalf of Mr. Clobery, concerning the Ile of Kent.

1651. Mch. 12. Articles of agreement upon the surrender of Virginia to the Parliament.

0088 84

1652. Jan. 27. Council of State to Richard Bennett in Virginia, about Lord Baltimore.

1662. Mch. 23. Virginia Law concerning Indians.

1667. Oct. 30. Order of Privy Council. Cessation of Tobacco planting.

1686. Apl. 29. Trial of George Talbot for a murder committed in Maryland. Attested copy, Mch. 16, 1702/3, with Virginia Court Seal.

1686. “ “ Same. Attested copy of 23 Jan. 1724, with Great Seal of Virginia.

IX. Letters.

1621. Oct. 21. John Mason to George Calvert. Salt making.

1633. Apl. 23. Caecilius, Lord Baltimore, to the Constable of Windsor Castle, tendering two Indian arrow heads, his first year's rent for Maryland.

1633–1765. Receipts from the Constable of Windsor Castle for the rent of Maryland.

The years represented are 1633, 1634, 1636, 1638, 1640–1643, 1655–1658, 1660–1663, 1671–1677, 1736, 1738–1740, 1743–1751, 1765.

1635. Apl.? Thomas Smith's relation of his voyage when he was taken by the Marylanders.

1635. Apl. 5. Henry Ewbank's relation of his being taken prisoner at Mattapany.

1638. Apl. 3. Thomas Copley to Lord Baltimore.

1638. “ 16. Thomas Cornwaleys to same.

1638. “ 25. Richard Kempe to same.

1638. “ 25. Leonard Calvert to same.

1638/9. Jan. 5. John Lewger to same.

0089 85

1638/9. Jan. 5. Richard Kempe to same.

1638/9. Feb. 4. Same to same.

1638/9. “ 20. Thomas [Andrew] White to same.

1642. Nov. 21–23. Lord Baltimore to Leonard Calvert.

1664. Apl. 27. Charles Calvert to Lord Baltimore.

1672. “ 24–26. Same to same.

1673. June 2. Same to same.

1674. July 24. Same to Lord High Treasurer.

1679–1680. Part of a Letter Book of Charles Calvert, Governor, mostly on family affairs. Folio, 16 pp.

Contents:

1679. July 9. to?

“ “ 10. to Mrs. Mary Darnall.

“ “ “ to Elizabeth Calvert.

“ “ “ to Richard Allibone.

“ “ “ to Nicholas Lowe.

“ “ 13. to same.

“ “ 15. to Mrs. Byard.

“ “ “ to Nicholas Lowe.

“ “ 14. to Dirck Burk.

“ “ “ to Dunck.

“ “ “ to Gilbert.

“ Nov. 24. to Dunck.

“ Dec. 30. to same.

1679/80. Feb. 13. to same.

“ “ 26. to same.

Philemon Lloyd

1719. July 18. to? Land Laws.

1722. “ 19. to? Copper Mines.

“ “ 28. to Copartners. Land office and Franklin.

“ “ 30. to? Boundary.

“ Oct. 8. to Copartners. Same and Copper Mines.

?? to Land office. [Fragment.]

0090 86

1729. Oct. 26. Benedict Leonard Calvert to Charles, Lord Baltimore.

1731/2. Jan. 10. Governor Ogle to same.

1733. Aug. 28. Same to same.

1749/50. Feb. 12. Same to same.

“ “ Charles, Lord Baltimore, to Benedict Calvert, Lloyd, Sharpe and others. Rough drafts.

Governor Thomas Bladen

1743/4. Jan. 22. to Lord Baltimore.

1743/4. Feb. 3. to same.

1743/4. “ 18. to same.

1744. June 27. to same.

1744. Nov. 15. to same.

Edmund Jennings

1744. June 12. to Lord Baltimore.

“ July 8. to same.

“ Aug. 23. to same.

“ “ 28. to same.

“ Nov. 17. to John Browning.

“ “ “ to Lord Baltimore.

“ Dec. 3. to same.

1746. Nov. Benedict Calvert to Lord Baltimore.

1765. June 24. Same to same. Stamp Act.

Daniel Dulany

? to Governor?

1743/4. Feb. 22. to Lord Baltimore.

1744. June 11. to same.

“ “ 14. to John Browning.

“ July 16. to Lord Baltimore.

“ “ “ to?

“ Nov. 24. to Lord Baltimore.

0091 87

1764. Sept. 10. to? Criticism of Sharpe.

? to Lord Baltimore. Pages 9–10 only.

??

Benjamin Tasker

1743/4. Feb. 20. to Lord Baltimore.

1744. June 4. to same.

“ “ “ to same.

“ “ “ to John Browning.

“ “ 16. to Lord Baltimore.

“ July 12. to same.

“ Sept. 17. to same.

“ Oct. 20. to same.

“ Nov. 20. to John Browning.

“ “ “ to Lord Baltimore.

“ “ 22. to same.

“ Dec. 3. to John Browning.

“ “ “ to Lord Baltimore.

“ “ 18. to John Browning.

1744/5. Mch. 15. to Lord Baltimore.

1755. Sept. 29. to John Browning?

1760. Sept. 12. to Caecilius Calvert.

?? to?

Entry of Letters on several occasions from the Rt. Hon. Frederick, the Lord Proprietor of Maryland and Avalon. Also

From the Hon. Caecilius Calvert, his Lordship's uncle, and Secretary for the affairs of the Province, and Orders and Instructions, &c., being dispatches to the Governor and the several officers and others in Maryland.

Begun September the 17th, 1751, pp. 199. Small fo. Vellum.

1751. Sept. 17. Lord Baltimore to Ogle.

1751. Dec. 20. John Sharpe to same.

0092 88

1751. Dec. 20. John Sharpe to Jennings.

1751. “ 24. C. Calvert to Ogle.

1751. “ “ Same to Jennings.

1751. “ “ Same to Tasker.

1752. May 15. C. Calvert to Ogle.

1752. “ “ Same to Jennings.

1752. “ “ Same to Tasker.

1752. “ “ Same to John Ross.

1752. June 12. John Sharpe to F. J. Paris.

1752. July 8. Onslow and Sharpe to Tasker.

1752. “ 9. C. Calvert to same.

1752. “ “ Same to same.

1752. “ “ Same to same.

1752. “ “ Same to same.

1752. “ “ Same to Jennings.

1752. “ “ Same to Darnall.

1752. “ “ Same to Young.

1752. “ “ Same to Steuart.

1752. “ “ Same to Benedict Calvert.

1752. “ “ Same to Edward Lloyd.

1752. “ “ Same to David Graham.

1752. “ “ Same to John Ross.

1752. “ 29. Guardians' petition to King about Boundary.

1752. Aug. 22. C. Calvert to Tasker.

1752. “ “ Same to Jennings.

1752. Sept. 14. Same to Rev. Thos. Bacon.

1752. July 28. Lord Baltimore to same.

1752. Sept. 14. C. Calvert to Tasker.

1752. “ “ Same to Jennings.

1752. “ 25. Same to Dulany.

1752. “ 30. Same to Tasker.

1752. Dec. 11. Same to same.

1752. Nov. 17. Report of Board of Trade on Petition of Guardians. Boundary.

0093 89

1749/50. Feb. 28. Extract from Report of same. Account of expenses Canada expedition.

1752. Dec. 11. C. Calvert to Jennings.

1752. “ “ Same to Darnall.

1752. “ “ Same to Geo. Stuart.

1752. “ “ Same to Benedict Calvert.

1752. “ “ Same to Edward Lloyd.

1753. Feb. 16. Same to Tasker.

1753. “ “ Same to Darnall.

1753. Mch. 7. Lord Baltimore to the King.

Appointment of Horatio Sharpe as Governor.

1753. Mch. 17. Lord Baltimore. Speech to Assembly.

? Frederick, Lord Baltimore, to? Prejudice of Marylanders against him.

1756. Dec. 21. Same to Sharpe. Revenue of Province.

1765. Feb. 7. Same to same. Ordinary Licenses.

Caecilius Calvert, Secretary, ? to? about Henderson.

1754. Jan. 5. to Rev. Thomas Bacon.

“ “ “ to Sharpe.

“ Dec. 10. to Lloyd.

“ “ “ to Sharpe.

1755. Jan. 12. to Sharpe. Two copies.

“ Dec. 23. to same.

1756. Mch. 9. to Lloyd.

“ “ “ to Sharpe.

1758. Nov. 27. to Tasker.

Enclosure, John Hyde to Hugh Hammersley, Sept. 14, 1758.

1758. Nov. 27. to Sharpe. Imperfect.

1759. Sept. 20. to Dulany. “ Nov. 12. to Dr. Nichols. 12

0094 90

1759. Nov. 17. to Hunt.

“ “ 18. to Young.

“ “ “ to Tasker. Two.

“ “ “ to G. Steuart.

“ “ “ to Benedict Calvert.

1760. Apl. 5. to Tasker.

1760. Nov. 2. to same.

1760. Dec. 2. to Sharpe.

20. to same. Imperfect.

1761. Mch. 17. to same.

“ Oct. 8. to Rev. Thomas Bacon. Imperfect.

“ “ “ to Sharpe.

1762. June 29. to Lord Baltimore.

“ Aug. 30. to same.

“ Sept. 28. to same.

“ Oct. 5. to same.

“ “ 15. to same.

“ “ 28. to same.

“ Nov. 12. to same.

“ Dec. 24. to same.

1763. Jan. 18. to same.

“ Aug. 21. to same. Mason and Dixon start.

“ Nov. 18. to same. Rents.

1764. Jan. 10. to same. Rough draft.

“ “ “ to same. Full copy with additions.

“ “ 30. to same.

? to same. Imperfect.

1764. Mch. 28. to same. Imperfect.

“ “ “ to same.

“ June 1. to same.

“ July 2. to same.

1765. Jan. 16-Feb. 9. to Sharpe. Two.

“ Feb. 26. to same.

Feb. 26. to Lloyd.

0095 91

1765. May 21. to Sharpe.

?? to Mr. Sharpe (John?).

Governor Horatio Sharpe

1753. Sept. 14. to C. Calvert (extract).

1754. Nov. 5. to?

1755. Oct. 22. to Lord Baltimore.

1756. Mch. 8. to C. Calvert.

1757. Dec. 26. to same.

?? Memoranda by Sharpe, Lloyd and others. Two copies.

1758. July 9. to Lord Baltimore.

1759. July 13. to C. Calvert.

1760. Apl. 14. to Secretary Pitt.

May 23. to Lord Baltimore.

“ 26. to C. Calvert.

July 7. to same.

Oct. 12. to same.

Dec. 20. to Lord Baltimore.

“ 22. to C. Calvert.

1761. Apl. 19. to same.

May 5. to same. “ 5. to Lord Baltimore.

Oct. 22. to same.

“ “ to C. Calvert.

Nov. 12. to Lord Baltimore.

“ 13. to C. Calvert.

1762. May 11. to same.

June 21. to same.

Sept. 12. to same.

“ 25. to same. Two copies.

Oct. 11. to same.

Nov. 3. to same.

1763. Apl. 26. to same.

1764. Aug. 22. to same. Imperfect.

0096 92

1765. July 10. to C. Calvert.

1767. Mch. 11. to Lord Baltimore.

June 15. to same.

1755. Oct. 3. Richard Lloyd to B. Tasker.

1756. May 9. John Sharpe to Lord Baltimore.

1756. June 19. William Sharpe to?

1757. May 25. D. Wolsleaholme and J. Ridout to Gov. Sharpe.

1758. July 28. Benj. Young to C. Calvert.

1758. Nov. 3. David Ross to Gov. Sharpe.

1762. Sept. 16. Thomas Cresap to C. Calvert.

Hugh Hammersley

1760. June 28. to C. Calvert.

1762. June 23. to Lord Baltimore.

1763. Feb. 15. to same.

“ 25. to same.

1764. Sept. 11. to same.

? to same.

? to same.

Bennet Allen

1765. May 3. to Lord Baltimore.

1767. Jan. to same.

Feb. to same. Imperfect.

June 21. to same.

Aug. 27. to same.

Sept. 3. to same.

? to same. A Poem.

? to same. A Postscript.

1762. June 12. Capel Hanbury to?

1764. Mch. 26. C. and O. Hanbury to?

1764. Aug. 13. J. Ridout to?

0097 93

1765. Aug. 25. J. M. Jordan to Lord Baltimore.

?? Same to same. Imperfect.

B. BOUNDARY DISPUTES; DELAWARE AND PENNSYLVANIA.

X. Lands On The Delaware Peninsula.

1629–1674. Translations, Notes and Extracts taken from the Dutch Records of New York. 1753. Mr. Jacob Goelet, Interpreter. By Lewis Evans. Relating to Grants on Delaware and various Maryland affairs, attested before Gov. Delancey by Goelet and Evans. Sm. 4o., half calf, pp. 176.

[Great Seal of New York attached.]

1641. Mch. 12. Copy of exemplification of grant by Charles II to Duke of York. 4 pp., fo.

1660. Apl. 8. Grant by Charles II to Duke of York of town of Newcastle. 23 pp., fo.

1664–1675. Inspeximus of New York Records; Boundaries of neighboring colonies; Nicholls' Commission; Duke of York's Grant; and other documents relating to settlements on Delaware. July 29, 1740.

[Great Seal of New York. Parchment.]

1664. Apl. 2–26. Same. Duke of York's grant; Commission of Nicholls. Oct. 17, 1735.

[Great Seal of New York. Parchment.]

Same. Another copy. Oct. 20, 1735.

1664. June 24. Copy of part of Deed from Duke of York to Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. No. 2. 2 pp., fo.

0098 94

1664. July 22-Oct. 1. Inspeximus of New York Records; Letter from Gov. Winthrop of Conn. to Gov. Nicholls, and other documents relating to Dutch on Delaware. Oct. 20, 1735. [Parchment.]

1668. June 16. Exemplification of a grant on west side Delaware Bay to Isaac Holme and others. Aug. 18, 1735. [Parchment.]

1671. May 1. Confirmation of grant from Col. Lovelace to Simeon Brent. Land on west side Delaware Bay. 3 pp., fo.

Same. 2 pp., fo.

1671–73. Extracts from the Registry Books kept by James Weedon and Francis Jenkins, surveyors of land on the seaside and Delaware Bay. 22 pp., fo.

1671–73. Grants of Land on or near Delaware. Copy made about 1750. Sm. fo.

Contents:

1671. July 15. Daniel Brown. On Seaboard.

1671. “ “ John Collison. same.

1670/1. Jan. 30. John Rhodeson. same.

1674/5. Mch. 22. Lord Proprietor. Manor in Somerset.

1671/2. Feb. 4. Randall Revell. Indian Neck.

1673/4. Mch. 17. Lord Proprietor. Manor of Somerset.

1671/2. Feb. 10. Robert Catlin. Near Indian Neck.

1671/2. “ 13. same same.

1671/2. Feb. William Thompson. Island Creek—Rehoboth Bay.

1672. May 21. John White. Montmore.

1672. “ 8. Andrew Gundry. Gundry's Delight.

1672. “ 10. Charles Prouse. Prouse's Recovery.

0099 95

1672. May 10. George Sealy. Sealy's Delight.

1672. “ “ John Boteler. Newington Green.

1672. “ 11. William Coulter. Cheive Chase.

1672. “ “ Mathew Wilson. Nottingham.

1672. “ “ William Winsmore. Pipe Elm.

1672. “ 14. William Prentice. Prentice's 2d Choice.

1672. “ 22. Daniel Browne. Charing Cross.

1672. “ 17. Richard Patee. Seiuse.

1672. “ 15. Richard Kemball. Partner's Choice.

1672. “ 12. Henry Smith. Kodder.

1672. “ 16. same. Porshows.

1673. Aug. 1. Robert Ridgely. Friend's Choice.

1672–1686. Extracts or Copys of Severall Grants or Pattents of Land recorded in the Land Record Books of the Province of Maryland. Exhibitt No. 4. 9 pp., fo.

Contents:

1672. Nov. 10. Liber W. C. No. 2, fo. 176.

1682. “ 17. same. No. 5, fo. 336.

1672.

1682. Nov. 17. same. No. 5, fo. 335.

1684. Apl. 5. same. No. 4, fo. 139.

1686. May 10.

1675. Sept. 23. Payment made to Indians for Land on west side Delaware. 1 p., fo.

1682–8. Grants of Land on or near Delaware. Copy made about 1750. pp., fo.

Contents:

1683. June 28. Col. Vincent Lowe. Talbot Co. Col. Talbot. New Ireland, Cecil Co.

1682. June 12. John Stevens. Durham Co.

0100 96

1684. Apl. 5. John Stevens. Durham Co.

1684. “ 25. Ephraim Hermann. St. Augustine Manor.

“ “ same. same.

1687. Sept. 20. Richard Pattey. Somerset Co.

1688. June 12. same. same.

1688. July 22. Robert Ridgely. On Delaware.

1683. Nov. 29. Edward Dwyro. New Ireland, Cecil Co.

1683. May 10. same. same.

1683. Aug. 29. same. New Munster, Cecil Co.

1683. May 10. same. same.

1683. Sept. 29. same. New Ireland, Cecil Co.

1686. May 10. Thomas Casey. same.

Col. Talbot. Cowe Creek, Cecil Co.

same. Izembergh, same.

1682. Aug. 20. Copy Duke of York's grant to William Penn of Newcastle and twelve miles around. Fo., two copies.

1682. Aug. 24. Exemplification of Duke of York's grant of Newcastle, the twelve mile circle and land south of Newcastle to William Penn. From the New York Records, Oct. 17, 1735.

[Great Seal of New York. Parchment.]

Same. Another copy made Oct. 20, 1735.

1683. Talbot's Commission and Demands, etc. 7 pp., fo.

Contents:

1683. Sept. 17. Talbot's commission from Lord Baltimore to demand all land on west side Delaware below 40° from William Penn.

0101 97

1683. Sept. 24. Talbot's Demand of N. Moore.

“ Oct. 31. An answer to a demand made to N. Moore, Penn's Deputy. Considerations upon the answer.

1683. Copies of warrants for land on Delaware Bay.

1685. Nov. 1. Order in Council. Division of the Peninsula.

1685. Nov. 13. Order of Privy Council dividing the Peninsula.

1716. May 16. Attainder of Col. Robert Talbot, of Hexham. Order to seize his Real and Personal Estate in Cecil and Talbot Counties. Attested Copy, Sept. 27, 1759.

1717. Oct. 21. Petition of Earl of Sutherland to King for grant of the Three Lower Counties. 6 pp., fo.

same. 10 pp., fo.

1725. Jan. 6. Appointment of meeting. Earl of Sutherland's petition.

1753. Oct. 20. Lewis Evans to Gov. Sharpe, with a Summary of the Dutch Records of New York, with a map showing distribution of Land under agreement of 1732. 12 pp., 40.

1756. Apl. 16. Report of Board of Trade on petition of Caleb Evans praying a grant of all Islands in Delaware River and Bay.

XI. Extracts from Records in England and America.

Extracts from Council Records. Large folio, pp. 5–28, 33–44.

Contents:

1659. Oct. 7. Liber H. H., pages 44–59.

1661. May 13. same. 97–99.

1661. “ 21. same. 108.

1661. July 1. same. 110–112.

1661. Sept. 19. same. 117–119. 13

0102 98

1669. Oct. 22. B. pages 16–17.

1670. Sept. 19. C. B. 35–36.

1671. Dec. 6.

1672. C. B. 110–113.

1683. Mch. 12. R.R. 59, 63.

1683. “ 22. same. 72, 76.

1684. Aug. 7. same. 118–119.

1684. Oct. 4. same. 123.

1684. Nov. 5. same. 144.

1685. May 30. same. 230–231.

1685. June 1. same. 235–236.

1685/6. Mch. 5. same.

Extracts from Council Records. Sm. fo., pp. 62. Copy made about 1726.

Contents:

1659. Aug. 3, Oct. 6–9. Liber H. H., pages 42–59.

1661. May 21, July 1. same. 97, 108, 110, 113.

1669. July 8, Oct. 22. K.K. 3, 4, 6, 7, 14, 15.

1673. Oct. 1. R. R., part 1. 20.

1677. June 24. same. 122.

1683/4. Mch. 12, 19. R. R., part 2, 59, 63, 72, 73, 75.

1684. Apl. 5. same. 79.

1684. May 12. C. B., No. 1. 86, 88.

1684. Oct. 3, Nov. 5. R. R. part 2. 115–118, 121–123, 142–144.

1685. May 30, June 1. same. 203, 225, 232, 235, 236.

1685/6. Mch. 5. same. 314, 317.

1650. May. Act Purchasing Lands from Indians, W. H., 116–117.

Hermann's Patent, C.B., No. 1,59–65.

1670. Dec. 23, 24. C. B. pages 40.

1672. June 19, 20. same. 110, 106.

0103 99

1672. July 11, 12. C. B. pages 113, 115.

1672. Dec. 16, 18. same. 118, 119.

Copies of papers from the Plantation office. About Penn's Grant. Transcribed in 1735. Sm. fo., pp. 28.

Contents:

1680. June 14. Council to Mr. John Werden.

Werden to Council.

1680. June 23. “ to Blaithwayt.

1680. “ “ Barnaby Dunck and Richard Burk to Werden.

1680. Oct. 16. Werden to Blaithwayt.

1680. Nov. 6. Council to Attorney General.

1680. Nov. 18. Blaithwayt to Lord Baltimore's Agent.

1680. “ 20. Werden to Blaithwayt.

1680. “ 20. same to same.

1680. Dec. 16. Council Summons to Lord Baltimore's agent.

? Penn's Boundary settled by Lord Chamberlain.

? Attorney General to Lords of Trade.

1681. Feb. 24. Report of Mr. Penn's patent.

Proceedings before Committee of Trade.

1683, Apl. 17, 27; May 30; June 12. 1683/4, Feb. 12; July 2; July 16, 23; Sept. 30; Dec. 9. 1684/5, Mch. 17; Aug. 18, 26; Sept. 2; Oct. 8, 30; Nov. 7.

Privy Council.

1680, June 14, 25; Nov. 1; Nov. 11; Dec. 16. 1680/1, Jan. 15, 22; Feb. 24.

1682. Aug. 1. Copy Duke of York's Grant of Pennsylvania to Penn.

1633. July 3. Privy Council on Remonstrance of Virginia against Lord Baltimore's patent.

1638. Apl. 4. Privy Council on Claiborne's petition.

0104 100

XII. Penn vs. Lord Baltimore.

Subsections: 1. Court Proceedings.

2. Agreements.

3. Appointment of Commissioners.

4. Commissioners' Reports.

5. Surveyors' Reports.

6. Maps.

7. Letters.

8. Miscellaneous.

1. Court Proceedings.

1743. June 9. Defendant's interrogatories to prove copy of Order on Claiborne's claim in 1638, with the nature and authority of the book in which that order is entered, also a copy of the order of Council in 1696. 3 pp., fo.

1743. June 9. Before Lord Chancellor about Orders of Apl. 4, 1638, and July 7, 1696. 1 p., fo.

1743. July 15. Agreement of Solicitors to enlarge time for taking testimony. 1 p., fo. Two copies.

1743. July 19. Order of Master of the Rolls to enlarge time of publication. 4 pp., fo.

1743. Oct. 26. Notes taken on a former hearing in 1743. 3 pp., fo. Three copies.

1747. May 14. Penn's Bill. 66 pp., fo.

1747. Nov. 7. Answers of Charles, Lord Baltimore, to the Bill. Revivor and Supplemental Bill of Penn's. 4 pp., fo.

1747.? List of Evidence for Plaintiff. 12 pp., fo.

1747.? Proofs for Defendant. Pp. 83–110.

1747.? Abstract of Exhibits for Defendant. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 7, 9. 14 pp., fo.

1747.? Depositions on Plaintiff's part. Pp. 44–110.

same. Four imperfect copies.

0105 101

1740. Oct. 20. Attested copy of Deed from William Penn to William Standly for five thousand acres in Pennsylvania. May 4, 1682. No. 3. 4 pp., fo.

1742. June 17. Publication to be further enlarged for a month. 1 p., fo.

1742. July 13. same, for three weeks, 1 p., fo.

1742.? Affidavits of F. J. Paris about postponements.

1742.? Defendant's instructions. 10 pp., fo.

1743. June 6. Affidavit of F. J. Paris to be added to above. 2 pp., fo. Three copies.

1743.? State of the case between Baltimore and Penn as found among his Lordship's papers. 4 pp., fo. Six copies.

1743.? Notes of the Argument made use of by the Lord Chancellor on the former hearing in 1743, with a copy of Gov. Ogle's letter of Dec. 1, 1750. 3 pp., fo.

1743. June 2. Affidavits of John Sharpe and Hugh Hammersley about finding the order of April 4,1638, on Claiborne's Petition. 9 pp., fo.

? Defendant's interrogatories to prove copy of order made on Claiborne's claim in 1638. 10 pp., fo.

1743. June 3. Affidavit of W. Rowlandson as to the delivery of Notice of Motion. 1 p., fo.

1743. June 9. Breviate of additional depositions taken under the order of 9 June, 1743, with a copy of the Articles. No. 4. 14 pp., fo. Six copies.

1699. Petition of Charles, Lord Baltimore, to the Queen against Order of 7 Nov., 1685. No. 4. 4 pp., fo.

1699. Same. With letter from the King to Lord Baltimore reciting grant made to Penn, and,

1681. 2 mo. 10th. Letter from William Penn to Lord Baltimore.

1699.? Petition of William Penn to the Queen, offers to carry out former instructions of 1683–4–5, with Letters of

0106 102

1677. Aug. 24. William Popple to William Penn.

1678. Aug. 20. Nicholson to Lords of Trade.

1697. June 10. [Title of] Address of Council of Maryland to?

1697. Sept. 1. William Penn to Markham.

1697. Sept. 2. Lords of Trade to Nicholson.

1699. Sept. 20. same to Blackiston.

1735. June 21. Brief, Bill and Answer for Defendant [Baltimore]. 43 pp., fo. Six copies.

1735.? Case of the Defendant. 15 pp., fo. Three copies.

same, with memoranda. Two copies.

1735. Oct. 9. Brief on part of Plaintiffs [Penns]. 7 pp., fo.

same. 3 pp., fo.

? Petition of Charles, Lord Baltimore, to the King. 2 pp., fo.

1735.? Memoranda of Evidence read for the Plaintiff. 3 pp., fo. Five copies.

1748. Feb. 21. Defendant's instructions to oppose notice of motion. 8 pp., fo.

1749. Depositions on Plaintiffs. 45 pp., fo.

1749. Jan. 10. Notice to Defendant of an examination of witnesses. 1 p., fo. Two copies.

1749. Feb. 26. Petition of Lord Baltimore to Lord Chancellor to hear cause, with Lord Chancellor's order. 1 p., fo.

1749. Instructions to move on petition of Feb. 26. 2 pp., fo. Three copies.

1750.? Additional Brief of Penn. 4 pp., fo.

1750. State of the amendments made by Plaintiffs to their Bill since argument of Defendant's plea. No. 8. 15 pp., fo. Two copies.

1750. May 7. Further evidence of Plaintiffs. 3 pp., fo.

1750. May 15. Notes of Lord Chancellor on pronouncing his decree. No. 13. 7 pp., fo. Three copies.

1750. May 30. Breviate Supplemental Bill and Answer and 0107 103 Proceedings subsequent thereto. No. 3. 11 pp., fo. Three copies.

1750/1. Mch. 16. Petition of Penn on the Decree. 5 pp., fo. Two copies.

1750/1. Mch. 19. Affidavit of F. J. Paris about Commission under the Decree. 17 pp., fo.

1751. Mch. 27. Petition of Solicitor of Baltimore on same. 2 pp., fo.

1751. Mch. 29. Order of Lord Chancellor. Circle round Newcastle. 26 pp., fo.

1751. Mch. 29. same. same. 1 p., fo.

1751. Apl. Petition of Penn to the King. 3 pp., fo.

1752. Petition of Lord Baltimore, to oblige Penn to join in ascertaining the Boundary. No. 5. 3 pp., fo.

1752. Mch. 22. Affidavits of John Browning and Hugh Hammersley. 4 pp., fo. Three copies.

1752. June 30. Penn. Petition about Commissioners. 3 pp., fo.

1752. Nov. Brief on two Petitions (one of Baltimore, the other of Penn) to the King. For the Defendant in support of their petition. 22 pp., fo. Four copies.

1753. Petition of Penn to have the line run under the Decree. 3 pp., fo.

1753. Mch. 22. Instructions to oppose petition of Penn. 14 pp., fo. Two copies.

1753. May 1. Instructions for a conference with the Speaker. 1 p., fo.

1753. May 4. Instructions to attend a Conference at the Speaker's on the two petitions. 1 p., fo. Two copies.

1753. June 21. Further instructions in the affair of Penn and Baltimore. For the petitioner Baltimore. 6 pp., fo. Two copies.

1753. Nov. 28. Petition of Penn to the King to have line run under the Decree; recites agreement of 1732 0108 104 and Decree of 1750; asks for Commissioners to define Boundary. 6 pp., fo.

same. 3 pp., fo.

1754. Mch. 25. Case of Frederick, Lord Baltimore. 9 pp., fo.

1754. Jan. 21. Petition of Frederick, Lord Baltimore, to House of Commons on his claims. Sm. fo., printed.

1754. Nov. 8. Penn's Bill. 637 pp., fo.

same. 48 pp., fo.

1755. Mch. 17. Notice to attend Conference at Mr. Henley's. 1 p., fo.

1755. May 7. Plea on behalf of Lord Baltimore. 45 pp., fo. Two copies.

1755. July 21. Instructions to move amendments to original bill. 2 pp., fo.

1756. Aug. 14. F. J. Paris's paper on East and West line and Lord Baltimore's answer. 1 p., fo.

1757.? Short hints as drawn up by Lord Baltimore's Solicitor for better consideration of the instrument of confirmation prepared and tendered by the Solicitor of the Penns. 8 pp., fo. Three copies.

1759. May 29. Heads of matters agreed upon between Counsel on both sides. 1 p., fo.

1760.? Penn's Bill. 219 pp., fo.

1761. Brief for Defendant. 21 pp., fo. Two copies.

1761. July 23. Attorney General's and Solicitor General's opinion on the Agreement. 11 pp., fo.

1762.? Answer of Lord Baltimore to Bill of Complaint of Penns. Indenture of 1760. 2 pp., fo.

1762. Feb. 2. Brief for Defendant. 21 pp., fo. Three copies.

1768. Aug. 20. Report of Attorney General and Solicitor General on Petitions of Lord Baltimore and Messrs. Penn.

0109 105

After 1760. Copy Bill in Chancery as prepared by the Attorney of the Penns and approved and signed by the Solicitor General, intended to be filed. 3 pp., fo.

After 1730. Lord Baltimore's case, with opinion of Mr. Wilbraham and Mr. Jodrell. 4 pp., fo.

? Petition of the Penns to the King with answers thereto. 12 pp., fo. Two copies.

? Copy of Mr. Browne's notes for his intended argument. 19 pp., fo. Two copies.

1736/7. Lancaster Co., Pa. Trials of Disturbers of the Peace. 7 pp., fo.

2. Agreements.

1732. May 10. Articles of Agreement, with copy of MSS. map annexed. 6 pp., fo.

same. without map. 6 pp., fo.

same. same. 3 pp., fo.

1733. Printed Title page of and the Penn Map to Agreement of 1732. Sm. fo.

1732.? Observations for Lord Baltimore on the Agreement as now adjusted and on Mr. Wilmot's proposed alteration thereon. 5 pp., fo.

1750. Mch. 16. Depositions in regard to the Agreement of 1732. 15 pp., fo.

1750. May 15. Lord Chancellor's decree on Articles of 1732. 2 pp., fo.

1750. same. 11 pp., fo.

1750. Draft of Indenture. 28 pp., fo.

1750. June 26. Penn's Solicitors' proposed alterations. 2 pp., fo.

1756. Draft of Indenture. 26 pp., fo.

1756–7. Draft of Indenture as originally prepared by the Penns, with the several alterations proposed 14 0110 106 therein by Lord Baltimore's Counsel. No. 1. 27 pp., fo.

same. 28 pp., fo.

1757. Aug. 8. Draft of Agreement, with Penn's Solicitors' amendments to and alterations, and Letter of F. J. Paris. 3 pp., fo.

1757. Aug. 8. Same, with some short answers thereto. Nos. 2–3. 5 pp., fo.

1759. May 28. Heads for a conference between Attorney General and Solicitor General for final settlement of intended agreement. 2 pp., fo.

1759. May 29. Heads of matters agreed upon between Counsel. 1 p.

1760. June. Draft of Agreement. 33 pp., fo.

1760. Observations on the Draft prepared by the Penns.

1760. July 4. Agreement. 21 pp., fo.

same, with map in margin. Two copies.

[Parchment.]

1760. July 5. Penn's release to Lord Baltimore of past costs and damages. [Parchment.]

1761. July 23. Attorney General's and Solicitor General's opinion on the Agreement. 1 page, fo.

1762. Aug. 2. Petition to confirm Agreement. 36 pp., fo.

1768. Aug. 20. Report of Attorney General on the various Agreements and Indentures. 2 pp., fo.

3. Appointment of Commissioners.

Lord Baltimore's.

1750. June 28. Draft of Commission. 5 pp., fo.

1750. June 20. Alterations on above proposed by Penns. 3 pp., fo.

1750. June 28. Commission, full copy. [Parchment.]

1760. July 5. Same. Map in margin. Two copies. do.

1761. Apl. 30. Commission enlarging time. Two copies. do.

0111 107

1763. July 4. First draft of request to Governor to assist Mason and Dixon, with loose memoranda. 3 pp., fo.

Same, with memoranda incorporated. 3 pp., fo.

1763. Aug. 4. same. [Parchment.]

1763. Feb. 9. Commission enlarging time. Draft. 5 pp., fo.

1763. Feb. 15. same. Draft.

same. [Parchment.]

1764. June 2. same. Draft altered to Nov., 1765.

1765. Dec. 14. same. [Parchment.]

1766. Nov. 1. same. do.

1767. Nov. 2. same. Draft.

same. [Parchment.]

1750. June 30. Draft of Commission. 5 pp., fo.

1763. Feb. 15. Commission to enlarge time. [Parchment.]

1763. July 4. Request to Governor to assist Mason and Dixon. Draft. 3 pp., fo.

1764. Aug. 4. same. [Parchment.]

1764. June 2. Commission enlarging time. do.

1765. Nov. 28. Same. Part missing. do.

1766. Nov. 1. Same. do.

1767. Nov. 2. Same. do.

1763. Aug. 4. Baltimore and the Penns' Agreement with Mason and Dixon. Close copy. 4 pp., fo.

Same with colored wood-cut, 1732. Map in margin. [Parchment.]

4. Commissioners' Reports.

1732–1733. Copys of several papers exchanged and delivered between the Commissioners appointed for executing the Articles of Agreement between the Proprietarys of Maryland and Pennsylvania. No. 8. 24 pp., large fo.

Another copy called “A State of the Commissioners' Proceedings.” 80 pp., folio.

0112 108

1750. State of the Commissioners' Proceedings under the decree of 1750. 12 pp., fo.

1750. Nov. 15–24. Proceedings of the Joint Commissioners. Attested copy. 23 pp., sm. fo.

1751. Apl. 22–June 17. Same. 9 pp., fo.

1751. Apl. 22–29. Same. Attested copy. 20 pp., fo.

1760. Sept. 19–Nov. 18. Same. Maryland Commissioners. 12 pp., sm. fo.

1760. Nov. 19–Dec. 11. Same. Joint do 16 pp., fo.

1760. Dec. 11–18. Same. Maryland do 2 pp., fo.

1761. Mch. 25–June 25. Same. Joint. 10 pp., fo.

1761–1762. Oct. 19–Apl. 30. Same. 7 pp., fo.

1762. Apl. 29–30. Same. 4 pp., fo.

1762. Sept. 14–15. Same. 4 pp., fo. Two copies.

1762. “ “ Two Propositions of the Maryland Commissioners.

1763. July 15–21. Proceedings of Joint Commissioners. 17 pp., fo.

1763. Oct. 20–Dec. 10. same. 8 pp., fo.

5. Surveyor's Reports.

1751. Apl. 26–June 15. Emory and Jones' Journal. 20 pp., fo.

1752. Apl. 16–June 15. same. 9 pp., fo.

1760. Dec. 12–18. Copy of Instructions and Journal. 8 pp., fo. Two copies.

1760–1762. Journal, No. 1, Dec. 13–June 15, with diagrams. 88 pp., sm. fo.

1762–1763. Same, No. 2, July 31–Aug. 30. 56 pp., sm. fo.

1762. May 24–June 15. Journal. 4 pp., “

“ July 31–Aug. 16. same. 4 pp., “

“ Aug. 17–Sept. 1. same. 4 pp., “

“ Sept. 2–9. same. 3 pp., “

“ Sept. 18–Oct. 23. same. 4 pp., “

“ Oct. 25. same. 1 p., “

“ Oct. 6–25. same. 3 pp., “

1763. Mch. 30. same. 1 p., two copies.

0113 109

1764. Dec. 4. Mason and Dixon to? 4 pp.

1768. Jan. 29. same to H. Hammersley. 3 pp.

1768. Penns and Baltimore in account with Mason and Dixon.

1769. Feb. 24. Same with Receipt in full of Lord Baltimore's moiety.

6. Maps.

1732. Map of Proposed Boundary. Printed by B. Franklin, and usually found with the printed Articles of Agreement of 1732. Wood-cut. Two copies.

Same. Colored.

Same. Copper-plate.

Same. MS. on parchment.

1749. Lewis Evans' Printed Map of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York and Three Delaware Counties. L. Hebert, Sculp.

Same. Colored.

1751. Emory and Kitten's MS. Map of Taylor's and James' Island, Dorchester Co., Md., June 15, 1751.

? MS. Parchment Map of the Circle around Newcastle, showing property touched by the tangent.

1768. Engraved Map of the final award of the Joint Commissioners with their report on parchment. Two copies.

7. Letters.

1681. Apl. 10. William Penn to Lord Baltimore.

“ Sept. 16. Same to Frisby, Lloyd and others.

1682. June 5. Charles, Lord Baltimore, to Capt. Wm. Markham.

0114 110

1682/3. Mch. 12. William Penn to Lord Baltimore.

1683. May 30. Same to same.

1683. June 6. Same to same.

1713. June 9. Charles, Lord Baltimore, to Deputies of Pa.

1722. July 14. Philemon Lloyd to Lord Baltimore.

1722. Sept. 11. Same to same.

1732. Aug. 18. Same to same.

1732.? Same to same. Pp. 9–15.

1732/3. Feb. 17. P. Gordon to same.

1725. Mch. 22. Charles Lowe to P. Lloyd.

1749/50. Jan. 31. P. Gregory to Lord Baltimore.

1750. July 27. Same to same.

“ Aug. 4. Same to same.

1750/1. Feb. 23. John Sharpe to Edmund Jennings.

1752. May 28. Same to F. J. Paris.

1752. Sept. 14. Edmund Jennings to C. Calvert.

1753. May 5. C. Calvert to Thomas Penn.

1753. Aug. 18. Same to John Sharpe.

1755. Apl. 27. E. Jennings to C. Calvert.

1756. May 3. John Penn to Lord Baltimore.

1756. June 19. William Sharpe to?

1760. Nov. 29. Stephen Bordley to C. Calvert.

1760. Dec. Gov. Sharpe to Charles Goldsborough.

? Queries submitted to C. Goldsborough and his answers. Two copies.

1760. Same to D. Dulany.

1760. Gov. Sharpe to S. Bordley. Two copies.

Additional Queries submitted to S. Bordley. Two copies.

1761. Feb. 24. S. Bordley to H. Sharpe.

? Same. Answer to Queries.

1761. Apl. 22. Charles Wilmot to C. Calvert.

1761. June 19. C. Calvert to Hugh Hammersley.

1763. Sept. 25. Same to Lord Baltimore.

0115 111 8. Miscellaneous.

1680. Mch. 4. The Charter of Pennsylvania. 2 pp., sm. fo. Copy made early in 18th century.

168? Col. Talbot's Conference with William Penn. 10 pp., fo.

1682. Dec. 13. Conference between Lord Baltimore and William Penn at Col. Tailler's on the Ridge in Anne Arundel Co. 7 pp., fo.

1683. May 31. The sum and substance of what was agreed and spoken by Charles, Lord Baltimore, and William Penn at that private conference at Newcastle. 3 pp., fo.

Same. Attested by Lord Baltimore. 2 pp., fo.

The state of the Lower Counties in relation to Penn. 2 pp., fo.

1715. The Claims of the Proprietors of Maryland and Pennsylvania stated. 16 pp., fo.

1720. Aug. 29. [Logan's] A plain view of all that has been said or publickly talked for these twenty years last past concerning the boundaries of Maryland and Pennsylvania. 3 pp., fo.

Sundry observations relating to Lord Baltimore's claims. 4 pp., fo.

1722. Jan. 19. Proclamation of Governor reciting order of Privy Council, Nov. 13, 1685.

1736. Oct. 21. Resolution of Governor and Council on Cresap affair.

1737. Apl. 20. Depositions about burning Cresap's house, and of Cresap's house being in Maryland. 35 pp., fo.

? MS. Map of headwaters of the Potomac and adjacent country, showing Indian towns. Two copies, one with memoranda.

A letter from a gentleman in Pennsylvania to his friend in Maryland, with some reasons why the Northern Boundary of 0116 112 Maryland is limited to 39 degrees, together with an answer to the foregoing letter.

Mch. 27, 1749, May 1, 1749, Apl. 12, 1751, with five MS. Maps on three sheets, and a wood-cut of Smith's Map of 1606; engraved by J. Senex, 1735. 43 pp., sm. fo.

Same. Three other copies without maps. Each 17 pp., large fo.

Some short observations upon the Penselvanian Map and groundless objections against the undoubted rights and bounds of Maryland. 9 pp., fo.

Gov. Ogle's observations on the demands of the Penns. 4 pp., large fo. Five copies.

175? An account of the question in dispute between Baltimore and Penn, with a draught (map) of Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and New Jersey.

1751. Apl. 12. Agreement between Lord Baltimore and Abraham Taylor in reference to evidence to be furnished. [Parchment.]

The Case of the Province of Maryland, touching the outrageous riots which have been committed in the Borders of that Province by inhabitants of Pennsylvania. To be heard before the Lords of the Council, 23d Feb., 1737. 3 pp., fo.

Remarks on a Message of the Upper House to the Lower House of Assembly in 1762.

[Philadelphia: B. Franklin,] 1764. pp., sm. 8o.

[In a contemporary letter of D. Dulany, this pamphlet is said to have been written and printed by Franklin.]

Justice of taxing the American Colonies demonstrated.

London, 1766. 8o.

Treaty of 1794. London, 1795. 8o.

Case of the British Merchants trading to America.

London, 1804. 8o.

Extracts from Long's Astronomy to shew that a parallel of Latitude is a due East and West line. 2½ pp., fo.

0117 113

1763. Aug. 4 Dr. Bevis' and Mr. Harris' Hints on running the Tangent Line.

Signed by Cecilius Calvert, John Penn, and Richard Penn.

Opinion of Robt. Henley on the Tangent Line.

Reasons by Lord Baltimore's Mathematician for a superficial measure. 2 pp., fo.

Proposals of Mr. Caecilius Calvert on the tangent.

C. AVALON.

XIII.

1623. James I. Patent to Sir Geo. Calvert, of Avalon.

Copy in English. 11 pp., fo.

Same. Copy in Latin. 9 pp., fo.

1634. Inspeximus of the charter of Avalon.

[Great Seal. Parchment.]

1638. Nov. 13. Charles I. Patent of New Foundland to Hamilton Pembroke Holland and Dr. David Kirke. 10 pp., fo.

1651/2. Mch. 11. Deposition of James Pratt. Avalon Patent. 2 pp.

1652. Examination of Annie Love and others before Commissioners at Ferryland. Avalon Patent. 45 pp., fo.

1652. May 5. Petition and Remonstrance of Sir David Kirke about Avalon. May 5. Two papers.

1652. Aug. 30. Answers of Amy Taylor to her examination. Avalon Patent.

1652.? Deposition of John Stevens. Avalon Patent.

1653. The Lord Baltimore's case concerning Avalon.

1663. Aug. 30. Act made by the tenants of Avalon. Fishing, etc. 15

0118 114

1670. Lord Baltimore's case concerning Avalon.

The same. [Printed broadside.]

1674. June 1. Commission to Robt. Swanly as Lieutenant of Avalon. [Parchment.]

1677. Mch. 30. Order of Privy Council Building in Newfoundland.

1677. Apl. 11. George Pearson to Lord Baltimore advising him of above order.

1677? State of the business of Newfoundland and the fisheries. 11 pp.

1753. Lord Baltimore's petition relating to appointment of a Governor for Avalon. 6 pp., fo. Three copies.

1753. July 26. Privy Council order referring above to Commissioners of trade.

1754. Copy, case of Lord Baltimore relating to Avalon, with Earl of Northumberland's opinion, with report of Attorney-General made upon his Lordship's petition for leave to appoint a Governor.

Enclosure. Duplicate of Petition of 1753.

Bounds of the Province.

1756. Petition of Worthington Brice for working mines in Newfoundland.

? Fred., Lord Baltimore's petition to King relating to the Province of Avalon. 7 pp., fo.

0119 115
D. THE CALVERT FAMILY.

XIV. Grants, Deeds and other Documents relating to Land, etc., in England. Parchment.

The Arundels.

14 Elizabeth, Trinity Term. Fine and surrender by William Lord Burghley and others, to Matthew and Charles Arundell, of Manor of Semley.

40 Elizabeth, 21 July. Covenant by Sir Matthew Arundel, and signed by him.

? 14 Elizabeth, 25 June. Wm. Cecil, Lord Burghley, to Matthew Arundel, to Anthony, Viscount Mountague.

1582. 24 Elizabeth, 25 Oct. Sir Matthew Arundel to William Arundell. Land at Tilbury, Wiltshire. Signed by Matt. Arundel.

27 Elizabeth, 19 June. Sir Matthew Arundell, of Wardour. Land in Dorset.

28 Elizabeth, 23 Oct. Deed from Sir Mathewe Arundell, of Wardour Castell, to Anthony Vycount Mountague, K. G., and others. Land in Dorset. Signed by Mountague and others.

1598. 41 Elizabeth, 14 Dec. Will of Sir Matthew Arundel, Knight. Signed Matt. Arundell.

45 Elizabeth, 1 Dec. Sir Thomas Arundel, grant of Christ Church Manor. Signed 0120 116 by Tho. Arundell, witnessed by Thomas Arrundell, of Wardo Castell, and others.

45 Elizabeth, 24 Jan. John Bodenham to and from Sir Thomas Arundel, surrender and lease of Manor of Semley.

1 James, 20 Oct. Thomas Arundel, of Wardour, to John Barnes. Signed by John Barnes.

13 James I, 13 Nov. John ffoyle, for Lord Arundel. Signed by John ffoyle.

14 James I, 12 Dec. Decree in Chancery. Earle vs. Earle. Certified by Great Seal. Christ Church Manor.

15 James, 10 May. Same to Garrett Weston and William Hocher. Signed by Thos. Arundell.

1633. 9 Charles, 1 June. Same to Edward, Lord Gorges, of Dondalke, and others, Manor of Semley. Signed Thos. Arundell.

1636. 12 Charles, 30 Apl. Same. Appointment to uses Wardor Castle and other property.

1637. 13 Charles, 2 July. Same to J. Reynell and William Sandys. Land in Dorset. Signed by Reynell and Sandys.

1637/8. 13 Charles, 28 Feb. Articles, Agreement betweane the Lord of Shrewsbury and My Lord Arundell as to the intended marriage of the Earl to Frances, daughter of said Thomas. Signed Shrewsbury. (Cancelled). Witnessed by Lord Baltimore.

0121 117

1628. 12 Oct. True Copie of the declaration sealed by My Lord, Thomas Arundell. Signed by Tho. Arundell.

1639. 15 Charles, Rt. Hon. Thomas, Lord Arundel, of Warder, to Cecill, Lord Baltimore.

1639. 15 Charles, 20 June. Thomas, Lord Arundell, to Cecilius, Lord Tisbury-Wilts. Signed by Tho. Arundell Baltimore.

1639. 15 Charles, 16 Aug. Same to Caecill, Lord Baltimore. Manor of Semly. Signed C. Baltimore.

1639. 15 Charles, 1 Oct. Same to same. Same property. Signed Tho. Arundell.

1639. 15 Charles, 3 Oct. Covenant between same. Same property. Signed Tho. Arundell.

1639. 15 Charles, 16 Oct. Counterpart of Grant from same to same. Same property.

1639. 15 Charles, 25 Oct. Indenture between same. Tilbury and Semley. Signed Tho. Arundell.

1639. 15 Charles, 6 Nov. Myles Phillipson and others, to Cecill, Lord Baltimore.

1641. 1 Mch. Cecill, Lord Baltimore, and Wm. Catchmayd, Fishmonger. To supply salmon caught. (Unexecuted).

1641. 19 July. Thomas, Lord Arundell, of Wardour. Relating to the probate of his will.

1653/4. 20 Feb. Cecil, Lord Baltimore, to Thomas Hooper. Land in Dorset.

0122 118

1655. 1 Mch. Agreement between Cecill, Lord Baltimore, and Humphry Weld, of Lulworth, and Clare, his wife, and Catherine Ewre, widow, two of the daughters and co-heirs of Ladie Anne Arundell.

31 Henry VIII, Jan. 30. Grant by Henry VIII of a licence to Cristofer Conyers, son and heir of Robert Conyers.

5 Elizabeth, June 28. To George Conyers. [Great Seal.]

26 Elizabeth, Feb. 13. Lease to Thomas Conyers, son of George Conyers, by Hon. William Cecil Knight, Lord Burghley, and Thomas Sex-aforde. With Schedule attached. Signed by W. Burghley.

40 Elizabeth, Nov. 3. Lease, from Hurvey Hastinges to Thomas Lyne, of Wyke Farm, in Co. Southampton. Case of Outlawry of Charles Calvert in Ireland in 1689. 17? Broadside. Two copies.

1720. May 4. Marriage Articles of John Hyde, Esq., and the Hon. Jane Calvert. Signed Charles Baltemore. Witnessed, Ben. Leo. Calvert.?

1751. Case upon the three Maryland Acts, and Opinion. Two copies.

1751. Two papers. Case on Marriage Settlement of Frederick, Lord Baltimore.

1751–4. A paper relating to the portions of Caroline and Louisa Calvert.

1751. June 11. Appointment of Cecilius Calvert and Thomas Bladen as guardians of Caroline Calvert.

0123 119

1751. Nov. 23. Frederick, Lord Baltimore vs. Onslow and others. Three papers.

? Seven papers in the Francis Brerewood case.

? Executors of Charles, Lord Baltimore, vs. Frederick, Lord Baltimore. Defendant's Answer. 26 pp., fo.

1753. Nov. 12. Richard Barnet to Jno. Morgan. Amount of debt due by Frederick, Lord Baltimore, and Release to Lord Baltimore endorsed thereon.

Danby Wiske.

1601. 42 Elizabeth, Mch. 5. Grant of the advowson of the rectory of Danby. Signed by Richard Etheryngton and Henricus Best.

1603. 1 James I, Oct. 20. Thomas Conyers, Christopher Conyers and George Pudsley and William Moynell. Grant to Grover Pudsey and others. Signed by Thomas and Christopher Conyers.

1608. 6 James I, Dec. 5. Robert Dawe and Robert Typper. Danby Wiske and various Manors in Suffolk, Norfolk, &c. Signed by Robert Dawe.

1611. 9 James I, Aug. 7. Radulphus Rookeby to Marmaduke Sympson. Signed by Ru. Rokeby, Roger Tockett, William Tockett and Myles Taylor.

1612/3. 9 James I, Mch. 21. Raphe Rookebye and others to John Constable. Signed by Raphe Rookebye and Myles Taylor.

0124 120

1615/6. 13 James I, Feb. 13. George Calvert and Richard Forster. Signed by Ri: Forster.

1617. 14 James, June 19. George Calvert, Esq., to James Morley and James Pennyman, Jr. Signed by James Morley.

1622. 20 James, Dec. 6. Sir George Calvert, Knight, to Walter Mallory, Danby Wiske—and on separate sheet of parchment, North East Shore in Moulton. Signed by Geo. Calvert.

1623. 20 James, Dec. 6. Same. Signed by Walter Mallory.

1623. 20 James I, Dec. 7. A Declaration of Trust. Sir George Calvert, Knight, Sir Henry ffane, William Peaseley and Philip Darnall. Signed by Geo. Calvert. Two sheets.

1694/5. Feb. 18. Charles, Lord Baltimore, and Thomas More. Signed by T. More.

Kiplin or Kipling.

39 Elizabeth, June 15. Bargain and Sale of the tytles of Kipling from Henry Scroope and Cuthbert Pepper. Signed by Henry Scroope.

21 James, Feb. 18. Sir George Calvert, in chancery, with part of the Seal.

1677. 29 Charles II, Aug. 5. Charles, Lord Baltimore, Christopher Smithson and Leonard Smithson to George Smithson and others. Signed by Ch. 0125 121 Baltimore, Christopher and Leonard Smithson.

1677. 29 Charles II, Aug. 6. George Smithson, Nicholas Lowe and Charles, Lord Baltimore. Declaration of Trust. Signed by George Smithson and Nicholas Lowe.

3 Charles, Mch. 20. Sir George Calvert to Cecil Calvert, to levy a fine on all his lands in Yorkshire. Signed Geo. Baltimore.

Same. Signed Cecill Calvert.

1678. Mch. 15. Charles, Lord Baltimore, to Henry Lowe and others. Kiplin, Danby, &c. Signed C. Baltemore.

Moulton.

16 James I, Nov. 28. The King to Sir George Calvert. (Calvert family grs. of land in Eng.)

1643. 19 Charles, Aug. 11. Cecill, Lord Baltimore, Hugh Smithson, Jerom Roystone, Jr. and Peter Coles. Signed C. Baltemore.

Counterpart of same. Signed by Smithson, Roystone and Coles.

1648. 24 Charles, Dec. 1. Hugh Smithson, Jerom Royston, Jr., Peter Coles, William Burnett and James Clement. Signed by first three. Tested, C. Baltemore.

24 Charles, Dec. 2. William Burnett, James Clement and Cecill, Lord Baltemore. 16 0126 122 With a schedule of various deeds. Signed C. Baltemore.

1676. 29 Charles II, Mch. 8. James Clement, Charles, Lord Baltemore, and Richard Allebond. Grant. Signed by Jas. Clement and Ch: Baltemore.

“ “ “ 9. Release. Signed by same.

31 Charles II, Mch. 14. Charles, Lord Baltimore, Henry Lowe, Nicholas Lowe and Thomas Gilbert. Signed C. Baltemore.

Semley.

9 Elizabeth, July 20. Henry Baynton, Francis Baynton and Roger Bodenham.

1608. Dec. 5. Edward Thurlande to John Manyngham. Signed by Manyngham.

1655. Aug. 16. Rowland Platt and William Kuype to Cecill, Lord Baltimore. Signed by Platt and Kuype.

? Lands in Berks, Wilts and Oxford.

1616. May 13. Pitzhanger, Middlesex. Richard Lee. Conveyance in fee of the Manor of Pitzhanger. Signed by Richard Lee.

Same. Signed by same.

East Pulham.

1571. Dec. 12. An exemplification of dismission of evidence. Carle vs. Arundel. Three sheets.

0127 123

1653. Feb. 20. Conveyance from Sir Thomas Reynell and others, trustees, to William Constantine and Raphe Darnall of East Pulham and Berne Meadow, held in trust under the will of Thomas, Lord Arundel, for his grandson, Henry Arundel. Signed by J. Reynell and witnessed by C. Baltemore, John Langford and others.

1658. July 7. Nicholas Gould, Cecill, Lord Baltimore, William Constantine, Raphe Darnall, Robert Haworth and Richard Whitehead. Signed by Gould, Haworth and Whitehead.

Same. Signed by Haworth and Whitehead.Same. Omitting name of First. Signed by same.

32 Charles II. Wragg's Recovery.?

1 James II. Same.?

Waterford, Ireland.

1709. June 21. Conveyance by Charles, Lord Baltimore, and others, of lands in County Waterford to James Taylor. Signed C. Baltemore and Fran. Wyse. St. Giles in the Fields.

1697. Oct. 15. Charles, Lord Baltimore, to William Spencely Brownlow Street. With schedule. Signed by Spencely.

1734. Mch. 31. Counterpart of assignment of lease from Lord Baltimore to Raphe Lane. Signed by Ra. Lane.

1731. July 8. Manor of Chesterton, Huntingdon.

1732. Oct. 12. William Genew, of Ham. Co., Surrey, to Caecilius Calvert, Esq. Counterpart of Mortgage.

1745/6. Feb. 17. Power of Attorney from John and Henry Hyde to Thomas Bladen, Benjamin Tasker and D. Dulany.

1745/6. Feb. 18. Same from Samuel Hyde to same.

0128 124

1745/6. Feb. 18. Same from Charles, Lord Baltimore to Thomas Bladen and Benjamin Tasker.

Epson.

1709–1766. Eighteen parchments and papers.

Eden Papers.

1748. Sept. 26. Tested copy of Will of Robert Eden, Hon. Spencer Cowper, Duke of Durham, to Sir John Eden, Baronet.

1762. July 3. Same to same.

1764. Jan. 9. Same to same. License to assign. Two copies.

“ “ 11. Sir John Eden, Baronet, to Robert Eden.

XV. Personal Letters.

1731. Sept. 6. Henry Jernegen to Lord Baltimore.

1740/1. Feb. 6. John Dacosto to?

1741. Oct. 3. C. Calvert to John Sharpe.

1744. June 1. Two receipts. Theo. Janssen.

1753. Dec. 14. Lord Baltimore to Lady Baltimore.

1756. Mch. 6. Duke of Devonshire to Lord Baltimore.

1756. Mch. 23. Duke of Bridgewater to same.

1756. May 8. Earl of Waldegrave to same.

1756. May 9. Earl of Hertford to same.

1756. May 9. Earl of Northumberland to same.

1756. June 6. Same to same.

1756. June 6. Earl of Waldegrave to same.

1756. June 8. Earl of Jersey to same.

1758. Aug. 20. Duke of Bridgewater to same.

1758. Aug. 24. Earl of Jersey to same.

0129 125

1758. Aug. 24. Duke of Bedford to same.

1758. Aug. 25. Earl of Essex to same.

1758. Sept. 1. Lord Gower to same.

? Same to same.

1759. Apl. 11. C. Pratt to same.

1765. Apl. 7. Stapleton to same.

? Earl of Halifax to same.

Lord Baltimore to?

Same to Lady Diana Egerton.

1756. May 13. Same to Lady Baltimore.

Lady Di. Egerton to Lord Baltimore.

Same to same.

Lady Baltimore to same.

Same to same.

Same to same.

Mr. Wroughton to same.

Mr. and Mrs. Grenville to same.

Louisa Calvert to Lady Baltimore.

1763. Feb. 12. Frederic Juboch & Co. to Lord Baltimore. In French.

“ Apl. 13. Baron de Fries to same. In French.

“ Apl. 18. E. Wieman to same. In German.

“ May 17. Baron de Fries to same. In French.

“ July 15. Same to same. In French.

“ Nov. 7. Hammond Habbach to Sir John Eden.

“ Dec. 9. John Bowlby to R. Eden.

1764. Apl. 20. Meynard to Lord Baltimore.

“ July 1. Lord Baltimore to? In Italian.

French letter to Lord Baltimore.

An account against same. In Italian.

Six memoranda and bills relating to same.

Memoranda about Northwest Passage. 30 pp.

“ concerning travelling. 151 pp.

Colored plan of Battle of Dettengen, 1743.

0130 126

Map of part of Russia, 1734.

Colored MS. plan of Cronstadt and St. Petersburg, 1737.

XVI. Heraldic Documents.

1622. Dec. 3. Confirmation of Arms to Sir George Calvert. Granted by Richard St. George Norroy, King at Arms. [Emblazoned.] Signed Ri: St. George Norroy.

1624. Patent under the Great Seal creating George Calvert, Baron Baltimore of Baltimore in Ireland. [Emblazoned with Great Seal.]

1656. Pedigree of the families of Jarmy Mynn and Wyndham, prepared for Mr. Justice Wyndham. [With numerous Coats of Arms tricked and emblazoned.]

1785. Apl. 6. Confirmation of Arms to Lady Frances, Mary Wyndham (daughter of Frederick, last Lord Baltimore). Signed Isaac Heard, Garter principal King at Arms, and Thomas Lock, Clarenceux King at Arms. [Emblazoned. Seals.]

1746. Feb. 3. Patent appointing Charles Fifth Lord Baltimore Cofferer of the Household to H. R. H. Frederick, Prince of Wales. [Seal.]

1746. Feb. 3. Another as Surveyor General to H. R. H. Frederick, Prince of Wales. [Seal.]

0131

THE CALVERT PAPERS.

FIRST SELECTION.

0132 0133 129
CONTENTS.

No. Page.

1. Lord Baltimore's Instructions to Colonists, 131

2. Thomas Smith's Account of his Capture, 141

3. Henry Ewbank's Account of his Capture, 145

4. Secretary Kemp to Lord Baltimore, 149

5. The same to the Same, 152

6. The same to the same, 155

7. Thomas Copley to the same, 157

8. Thomas Cornwaleys to the same, 169

9. Gov. Leonard Calvert to the same, 182

10. Secretary John Lewger to the same, 194

11. Father Andrew White to the same, 201

12. Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, to Gov. Leonard Calvert, 211

13. The same, Declaration to the Lords, 221

14. Gov. Charles Calvert to Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, 229

15. The same to the same, 252

16. The Same to the same, 277

17. Part of a Letter-book of Gov. Charles Calvert, 305

18. William Penn to Charles, Lord Baltimore, 322

19. The same to Frisry, Jones, and Others, 323

20. The same to Charles, Lord Baltimore, 325

21. The same to the same, 327

22. The same to the same, 328

23. Charles, Lord Baltimore, to William Markham, 330 17

0134 0135 131
THE CALVERT PAPERS.
No. 1. LORD BALTIMORE'S INSTRUCTIONS TO COLONISTS.

[Indorsement.]

15 Nouem. 1633.

A Coppy of Instructions to Mr Leo. Caluert, Mr Jerom Hawley & Mr Tho. Cornwaleys the Lo: Baltimores Gouernor & Co?issioners of his prouince of Maryland.

In the 5th Article some directions is given concerning Cap. Cleyborne.

Instructions 13 Nouem: 1633 directed by the Right Honoble Cecilius Lo: Baltimore & Lord of the Prouinces of Mary Land and Avalon vnto his well beloued Brother Leo: Caluert Esqr his Lops Deputy Gouernor of his prouince of Mary Land and vnto Jerom Hawley and Thomas Cornwaleys Esqrs his Lopps Co?issioners for the gouernment of the said Prouince.

0136 132

1. Inpri: His Lopp requires his said Gouernor & Commissioners tht in their voyage to Mary Land they be very carefull to preserue vnity & peace amongst all the passengers on Shipp-board, and that they suffer no scandall nor offence to be giuen to any of the Protestants, whereby any iust complaint may heereafter be made, by them, in Virginea or in England, and that for that end, they cause all Acts of Romane Catholique Religion to be done as priuately as may be, and that they instruct all the Romane Catholiques to be silent vpon all occasions of discourse concerning matters of Religion; and that the said Gouernor & Co?issioners treate the Protestants wth as much mildness and fauor as Justice will permitt. And this to be obserued at Land as well as at Sea.

2. That while they are aboard, they do theyre best endeauors by such instruments as they shall find fittest for it, amongst the seamen & passengers to discouer what any of them do know concerning the priuate plotts of his Lopps aduersaries in England, who endeauored to ouerthrow his voyage: to learne, if they cann the names of all such, their speeches, where & when they spoke them, and to whom; The places, if they had any, of their consultations, the Instruments they vsed and the like: to gather what proofes they cann of them; and to sett them downe particulerly and cleerely in writing wth all the Circumstances; together wth their opinions of the truth and validity of them according to the condition of the persons from whom they had the information; And to gett if they can euery such informer to sett his hand to his Informa?on. And if they find it necessary & that they haue any good probable ground to discouer the truth better, or that they find some vnwilling to reueale that wch (by some speeches at randome, that haue fallen from them) they haue reason to suspect they do know concerning that buisness: that at their arriuall 0137 133 in Mary Land they cause every such pson to answer upon oath, to such questions as they shall thinke fitt to propose unto them: And by some trusty messenger in the next shipps that returne for England to send his Lopp in writing all such Intelligences taken either by deposition or otherwise.

3. That as soone as it shall please god they shall arrive upon the coast of Virginea, they be not perswaded by the master or b any other of the shipp, in any case or for any respect whatsoever to goe to James Towne, or to come wthin the co?and of the the fort at Poynt-Comfort: vnless they should be forct vnto it by some extremity, of weather, ( wch god forbidd) for the preseruation of their liues & goodes, and that they find it altogether impossible otherwise to preserue themselues: But that they come to an Anchor somewhere about Acomacke, so as it be not vnder the co?and of any fort; & to send ashcare there, to inquire if they cann find any to take wth them, that cann giue them some good informatione of the Bay of Chesapeacke and Pattawomeek Riuer, and that may giue them some light of a fitt place in his Lopps Countrey to sett downe on; wherein their cheife care must be to make choice of a place first that is probable to be healthfull and fruitfull, next that it may he easily fortified, and thirdly that it may be convenient for trade both wth the English and sauages.

4. That by the first oportunity after theyr arriuall in Mary Land they cause a messenger to be dispatcht away to James Town such a one as is conformable to the Church of England, and as they may according to the best of their Judgments trust; and he to carry his maties letter to Sr John Haruie the Gouernor and to the rest of the Councell there, as likewise his Lopps letter to Sr Jo: Haruie, and to give him notice of their arriuall: And to haue in charge, vpon the deliuery of the said 0138 134 letters to behaue himself wth much respect vnto the Gouernor, and to tell him tht his Lopp had an intention to haue come himself in person this yeare into those parts, as he may perceiue by his maties letter to him but finding that the setling of that buisness of his Plantation and some other occasions, required his presence in England for some time longer then he expected, he hath deferred his owne coming till the next yeare, when he will not faile by the grace of god to be there; and to lett him vnderstand how much his Lopp desires to hold a good correspondency wth him and that Plantation of Virginea, wch he wilbe ready to shew vpon all occasions and to assure him by the best words he cann, of his Lopps particuler affection to his person, in respect of the many reports he hath heard of his worth, and of the ancient acquaintance and freindshipp wch he hath vnderstood was between his Lopps father & him as likewise for those kind respects he hath shewne vnto his Lopp by his letters since he vnderstoode of his Lopps intention to be his neighbor in those, parts: And to present him wth a Butt of sacke from his Lopp wch his Lopp hath giuen directions for, to be sent vnto him.

5. That they write a letter to Cap: Clayborne as soone as conveniently other more necessary occasions will giue them leaue after their arriuall in the Countrey, to give him notice of their arriuall and of the Anthority & charge co?itted to them by his Lopp and to send the said letter together wth his Lopps to him by some trusty messenger that is likewise conformable vnto the Church of England, wth a message also from them to him if it be not inserted in their letter wch is better, to invite him kindly to come vnto them, and to signify that they haue some buisness of importance to speake wth him about from his Lopp wch concernes his good very much; And if he (come vnto them then that they vse him courteously and well, and tell 0139 135 him, that his Lopp vnderstanding that he hath settled a plantac?n there wthin the precincts of his Lopps Pattent, wished them to lett him know that his Lopp is willing to glue him all the encouragement he cann to proceede; And that his Lopp hath had some propositions made vnto him by certaine mrchants in London who pretend to be partners wth him in that plantation, (viz) Mr Delabarr, Mr Tompson Mr Cloberry, Mr Collins, & some others, and that they desired to haue a grant from his Lopp of that Iland where he is: But his Lopp vnderstanding from some others that there was some difference in partnershipp between him and them, and his Lopp finding them in their discourse to him, that they made somewhat slight of Cap: Clayborne's interest, doubted least he might preiudice him by making them any grant his Lopp being ignorant of the true state of their buisness and of the thing they desired, as likewise being well assured that by Cap: Clayborne his care and industry besides his charges, that plantation was first begunn and so farr aduanced, was for these reasons vnwilling to condescend vnto their desires, and therefore deferred all treaty wth them till his Lopp could truly vnderstand from him, how matters stand between them, and what he would desire of his Lopp in it. wch his Lopp expects from him; that therevpon his Lopp may take it into farther consideration how to do iustice to euery one of them and to giue them all reasonable satisfaction; And that they assure him in fine that his Lopp intends not to do him any wrong, but to shew him all the loue and fauor that he cann, and that his Lopp gaue them directions to do so to him in his absence; in confidence that he will, like a good subiect to his matie conforme himself to his higness gratious letters pattents granted to his Lopps whereof he may see the Duplicate if he desire it together wth their Co?ission from his Lopp If he do refuse to come vnto them vpon their 0140 136 invitation, that they lett him alone for the first yeare, till vpon notice giuen to his Lopp of his answere and behauiour they receiue farther directions from his Lopp ; and that they informe themselues as well as they cann of his plantation and what his designes are, of what strength & what Correspondency he keepes wth Virginea, and to giue an Account of euery particular to his Loop .

6. That when they haue made choice of the place where they intend to settle themselues and that they haue brought their men ashoare wth all their prouisions, they do assemble all the people together in a fitt and decent manner and then cause his maties letters patients to be publikely read by his Lopps Secretary John Bolles, and afterwards his Lopps Co?ission to them, and that either the Gouernor or one of the Co?issioners presently after make some short declaration to the people of his Lopps intentions wch he means to pursue in this his intended plantation, wch are first the honor of god by endeauoring the conversion of the sauages to Christianity, secondly the augmentation of his matie's Empire & Dominions in those parts of the world by reducing them vnder the subiection of his Crowne, and thirdly by the good of such of his Countreymen as are willing to aduenture their fortunes and themselves in it, by endeauoring all he cann, to assist them, that they may reape the fruites of their charges & labors according to the hopefulnes of the thing, wth as much freedome comfort and incouragement as they cann desire; and wth all to assure them, that his Lopps affection & zeale is so greate to the aduancement of this Planta?n and consequently of their good, that he will imploy all his endeauors in it, and that he would not haue failed to haue come himself in person along wth them this first yeare, to haue beene partaker wth them in the honor of the first voyage thither, but that by reasons of some vnexpected 0141 137 accidents, he found it more necessary for their good, to stay in England some time longer, for the better establishment of his and their right, then it was fitt that the shipp should stay for him, but that by the grace of god he intends wthout faile to be wth them the next year: And that at this time they take occasion to minister an oath of Allegeance to his matie vnto all and euery one vpon the place, after hauing first publikely in the presence of the people taken it themselues; letting them know that his Lopp gaue particuler directions to haue it one of the first thinges that were done, to testify to the world that none should enjoy the benefitt of his maties gratious Grant vnto his Lopp of that place, but such as should glue a publique assurance of their fidelity & allegeance to his matie .

7. that they informe themselues what they cann of the present state of the old Colony of Virginea, both for matter of gouernment & and Plantacon as likewise what trades they driue both at home and abroade, who are the cheife and richest men, & haue the greatest power amongst them whether their clamors against his Lopps pattent continue and whether they increase or diminish, who they are of note that shew themselues most in it, and to find out as neere as they cann, what is the true reason of their disgust against it, or whether there be really any other reason but what, being well examined proceedes rather from spleene and malice then from any other cause; And to informe his Lopp exactly what they vnderstand in any of these particulers.

8. That they take all occasions to gaine and oblige any of the Councell of Virginea, that they shall vnderstand incline to have a good correspondency wth his Lopps plantation, either by permission of trade to them in a reasonable proportion, wthin his Lopps precincts, or any other way they can, so it be cleerely vnderstood that it is by the way of courtesy and not of right. 18

0142 138

9. That where they intend to settle the Plantacon they first make choice of a fitt place, and a competent quantity of ground for a fort wthin wch or neere vnto it a convenient house, and a church or a chappel adjacent may be built, for the seate of his Lopp or his Gouernor or other Co?issioners for the time being in his absence, both wch his Lopp would haue them take care should in the first place be erected, in some proportion at least, as much as is necessary for present vse though not so compleate in euery part as in fine afterwards they may be and to send his Lopp a Platt of it and of the scituation, by the next oportunity, if it be done by that time, if not or but part of it neuertheless to send a Platt of what they intend to do in it. That they likewise make choise of a fitt place neere vnto it to seate a towne.

10. That they cause all the Planters to build their houses in as decent and vniforme a manner as their abilities and the place will afford, & neere adioyning one to an other, and for that purpose to cause streetes to be marked out where they intend to place the towne and to oblige euery man to buyld one by an other according to that rule and that they cause diuisions of Land to be made adioyning on the back sides of their houses and to be assigned vnto them for gardens and such vses according to the proportion of euery ones building and adventure and as the conveniency of the place will afford wch his Lopp referreth to their discretion, but is desirous to haue a particuler account from them what they do in it, that his Lopp may be satisfied that euery man hath Justice done vnto him.

11. That as soone as conveniently they cann they cause his Lopps surveyor Robert Simpson to survay out such a proportion of Land both in and about the intended towne as likewise wthin the Countrey adioyning as wilbe necessary to be assigned to the present aduenturers, and that they assigne euery adventurer 0143 139 his proportion of Land both in and about the intended towne, as alsoe wthin the Countrey adioyning, according to the proportion of his aduenture and the conditions of planta?n propounded by his Lopp to the first, aduenturers, wch his Lopp in convenient time will confirme vnto them by Pattent. And heerein his Lopp wills his said Gouernor and Co?issioners to take care that in each of the aforesaid places, that is to say in and about the first intended Towne and in the Countrey adiacent they cause in the first and most convenient places a proportion of Land to be sett out for his Lopps owne proper vse and inheritance according to the number of men he sends this first yeare vpon his owne account; and as he alloweth vnto the aduenturers, before any other be assigned his part; wth wch (although his Lopp might very well make a difference of proportion between himself and the aduenturers) he will in this first colony, content himself, for the better encouragement and accomodation of the first aduenturers, vnto whom his Lopp conceiue himself more bound in honor and is therefore desirous to giue more satisfaction in euery thing then he intends to do vnto any that shall come heereafter. That they cause his Lopps survayor likewise to drawe an exact mapp of as much of the countrey as they shall discouer together wth the soundings of the riuers and Baye, and to send it to his Lopp .

12. That they cause all the planters to imploy their seruants in planting of sufficient quantity of corne and other prouision of victuall and that they do not suffer them to plant any other co?odity whatsoeuer before that be done in a sufficient proportion wch they are to obserue yearely.

13. That they cause all sorts of men in the plantation to be mustered and trained in military discispline and that there be days appoynted for that purpose either weekely or monthly according to the conueniency of other occasions; wch are duly 0144 140 to be obserued and that they cause constant watch and ward to be kept in places necessary.

14. That they informe themselues whether there be any convenient place wthin his Lopps precincts for the making of Salt whether there be proper earth for the making of salt-peeter and if there be in what quantity; whether there be probability of Iron oare or any other mines and that they be carefull to find out what other co?odities may probably be made and that they glue his Lopp notice together wth their opinions of them.

15. That In fine they bee very carefull to do iustice to euery man wthout partiality, and that they auoid any occasion of difference wth those of Virginea and to haue as litle to do wth them as they cann this first yeare that they conniue and suffer litle iniuryes from them rather then to engage themselues in a publique quarrell wth them, wch may disturbe the buisness much in England in the Infancy of it. And that they giue vnto his Lopp an exact account by their letters from time to time of their proceedings both in these instructions from Article to Article and in any other accident that shall happen worthy his Lopps notice, that therevpon his Lopp may giue them farther instructions what to doe and that by euery conveyance by wch they send any letters as his Lopp would not haue them to omitt any they send likewise a Duplicate of the letters wch they writt by the last conveyance before that, least they should haue failed and not be come to his Lopps hands.

0145 141
No. 2. THOMAS SMITH'S ACCOUNT OF HIS CAPTURE.

[Superscription.]

Mr Tho: Smiths relation of his voyage when hee was taken by the Marylanders 1635

The rela?n of Tho: Smith of his voyage to Potuxant Riuer in the Pinace the Long Tayle wherein hee was taken by the Marylanders.

The 26th day of March 1635 I being sent in the Pinace the long taile by Capt William Claiborne to trade for corne and furs, the said Capt Claiborne haueing deliuered mee a Coppie of his mats letter lately sent vnto him for the conferma?n of the Co?ission formerly graunted vnto the said Capt Claiborne for trade in the Collonies of America.

The 4th day of Aprill I arriued at Mattapany. The 5th day Capt Hen: ffleet and Capt Humber wth a Company of men came ouer land thither and demaunded by what power I traded I tould them by vertue of his mats Comission and letter graunted to Capt Claiborne of wch I had coppies of each they demaunded the sight of them wch I shewed them they peruseing of them Capt ffleete replyed that this paper did not any way license the said Capt Clayborne to trade any further then the Ile of Kent and that I must goe for Maryland wth the Pinace, but Capt Humber replied it was a false Coppie and grounded vpon false informa?n, and soe turned himselfe to Capt ffleete said come let vs board them wch they did 0146 142 notwthstanding I tould them they had best take heede what they did it was not good iesting wth paper wch came from his matie .

Capt ffleete, Capt Humber wth the rest of theire Companie entred the vessell the Longtaile and turned our men on shore wthout any armes to defend themselues from the natiues notwthstanding I entreated them not to leaue our men wthout armes ashore, to wch Capt ffleete answered they were as safe as if they were aboard.

I desired them to shew mee their Co?ission by wch they tooke vs but they would shew mee none.

The next day they sent for our men a board and turned them into theire barge: who had that night lien in the woods very dangerously the natiues being vp in armes amongst themselues.

The said Capt ffleet comaunded mee to goe for Maryland wth him in our little boate and spake with the Gouernor wch I did and by the way wee had some discourse about the accusa?n for wch Capt Claybourne was last yeare accused of by the Marylanders for complotting wth the Indians to cutt off the English that were at Yawocomoco: Capt ffleet told mee, that wch hee said of that busines was drawne from him by a wile, in comon discourse and that hee was verie sorrie for speaking any such thing, and that although it bee reported in Virginia that hee had taken his oath of those things, yet it was not soe, and that hee did not take it to bee an oath, for all that was done done was the Gouernor gaue him the said ffleet a little latine booke, and bade him kisse it saying nothing and if there were any such busines reported amongst the Indians about Capt Claiborne yet they were a people that were not to be beleeued and the said ffleet said to mee, before God I did not know it was a testament, the said ffleete told mee when Capt Cornwallis and Mr Hally brought him a writting and asked him whether 0147 143 hee would set his hand to itt, ffirst haueing caused them to put out many things that were in it soe by their perswations set his hand to it.

When wee came to Maryland I found the Gouernor was not there, Capt Cornewalles being left his deputie I went to him and told him, that Capt ffleet had taken our Vessell and turned our men a shore Capt Cornewalles told mee they did noe more then what they had order for to doe by Comission to make stay of all vessells wch they should find trading wthin the Prouince of the Lord Baltimore: the said Capt desired to see the Comission by wch I traded and haueing seene the foure Coppies hee told mee hee did wonder much at Capt Claibornes strange proceedings for said bee were this a true coppie it hath only relation to the Iland where hee liueth but said hee doubted truth of this papr first in regard they were grounded vpon false informa?n I told him I would bee deposed they were true Coppies to wch hee said my oath was as good as nothing the said Capt told mee, hee would the next morning goe with mee abord wch the next Day hee did, and when I came abord I found all the men turnd a shore againe wthout any armes to defend themselues from the natiues, haueing not long been there and had some discourse wth Capt Humber hee tould mee the vessell must goe for Maryland and there stay vntill the Gouernor came home: and if I and the rest would goe with him by land wee should bee welcome for in the boate wee should not goe, he leauing the charg of the vessell with Capt: Humber I desired to leaue one to looke to the trucke wch the said Capt denied: ffurther the said Capt told mee that if there were any such letters graunted by his matie it was got by indirect wales in regard they had noe notice thereof from the Lord Baltimore I desired wee might returne home if not all yet one wch was denied, and being all turned ashore without any peece or armes but one peece which I had myselfe.

0148 144

Within 2 daies after our being there the Gouernor came home who when our vessell was come about sent for vs to waite on his pleasure when wee should bee called being sect at Capt Cornewalles house accompanied with the said Capt and one Mr Greene sent his Marshall for mee, when I came the Gouernor told mee bee vnderstood that some of his people had made State of a vessell of Capt Claibornes of wch I had comaund of I told they had, hee demaunded of mee whether I traded for myselfe or for Capt Claiborne I told him for Capt Claiborne hee demaunded a note vnder my hand to testifie as much, wch I making a stand at, hee told mee he would keepe mee prisoner to answere it, if I would not set my hand to a note wch they made wch I did. Hee demaunded what Comission I had to trade I told him I had a Coppie of his mats Comission graunted to Capt Claiborne and also a Coppie of a letter sent by his matie for the confirma?n of the same the Gouernor told mee for his former Comission it was worth nothing because bee was not to trade wthin theire limitts, and for the Coppie of his mats letter hee said was a paper without any publick notaries hand and was worth nothing being grounded vpon false informa?n and that bee had scene one of them in Virginia and if it were true it was gotten by some indirect meanes for they had not any notice of it from the Lord Baltimore, and that bee intended to keepe the vessell wth the goods I demaunded of him how wee should get home bee told mee should not returne for Kent but bee would send vs for England or for Kecotan I told him wee were in want of corne, hee said it could not bee, I offered to bee deposed that the Coppies were true, and that I had examined them, bee said my oath is as good as nothing, the next day hee sent for all the goods a shore wthout any knowledg of myne or any of our companies and brooke open a chest wch was both locked and 0149 145 nayled, the goods being ashore I desired our Invoyce wth a certificate to shew the reason of staying the vessell wch with much a doe I had, some of our Beauer I see presently disposed of and some of the cloth I saw sold to an indian haueing spent 4 or 5 daies there and seeing noe hopes of haueing our vessell againe I desired the Gouernor wee might returne home wch with some other meanes I made by some friends hee graunted wee should goe: but hee was sorrie hee had noe boate to send vs home in: hauing at that tyme 3 boates riding at his dore. I told him if there was noe other way I would make some meanes by the indians wch hee graunted I should doe, the next day wee were sent away without either peece or victualls but one peece wch I had myselfe haueing 20 leagers to goe wthout any meanes but such as wee should find from the Indians wch with greate danger it pleased god to send vs safe home This I will bee readie to, iustifie vpon oath whensoeuer I shall bee therevnto called

Tho: Smith.

No. 3. HENRY EWBANK'S ACCOUNT OF HIS CAPTURE.

[Indorsement.]

Copie of Henry Ewbancks Relation Of his being Seized at the head of Patuxent in April 1635.

The Relation of Henry Ewbanck concerninge his beinge taken Prisoner at Mattappany at the head of Pataxunt River the 5th of Aprill 1635. 19

0150 146

I beinge at an Indian Towne caled Mattappany at the head of Potaxunt River tradinge for ffurrs by the appointmt of Capt Clayborne there came vnto me ouer Land Capt ffleete Capt Humber and two more charginge me by virtue of their Comission graunted from his Matie to the Lo: Baltimore to goe alonge wth them to Mary-Land, to answer my tradinge before the Gouernor and that if I would not goe along quietly Capt Humber told me that he would haue the Indians carry me wether I would or noe, soe I went alonge wth them yet Capt ffleete before fearinge that I would haue run away pmised the Indians that if I ran away the first of them that layd hands vpon me to stay me, he would giue them an hundred armes length Roneoke. beinge come from Mattappany to Potaxun Riuer there in Capt Claybornes Pinnace wth Mr Smith and his Company or men beinge all on Shoare but a little Boy who was aboard, Capt ffleete and Capt Humber tooke or small wherry and would haue gon aboard the said Pinnace, refusinge at first to take Mr Smith alonge wth them, who was aboard their Barge, he callinge to them and tellinge them tht he had his Mats Comission to trade, they then tooke him into the wherry and Rowed aboard the Pinnace and said that they would take her notwthstandinge that Comission Mr Smith shewed them accountinge it and callinge it a Pap sayeing that it was a false Copy and if it were granted to Capt Clayborne from his Matie it was granted and grownded vpon false Informa?ns & soe it was worth nothinge soe Capt Humber bid his men haueing all ready boarded or Pinnace to waigh Anchor and fall Downe towards Mary Land, by the way we stopped at an Indian Towne called Potaxun where I would haue gon a shoare but Capt Humber would not lett me. from thence we rowed downe to the Mouth of the Riuer where we were turned a shoare out of or Pinnace wthout or Armes to 0151 147 travell to Mary Land on foote, beinge comen thither wee remayned 3 or 4 dayes before wee could speake wth the Gouernor who at last beinge set in Court wth Capt Cornwallys and Mr Greene he sent for me in, when I came to the Gouornor he said vnto me, did you come Sirrah from Mattappany I answered him yes againe, he asked me what I did there and who sent me. I told him I traded for furrs wth the Indians and that Capt Clayborne sent me, Againe he said Sirrah how durst you trade there, knoweinge it was in the prcincts of this Province and knoweinge of Capt Claybornes vnlawfull and dishonest practizes, wth the Indians to cutt of this or Planta?n you beinge the Interprter and Instrumt to doe it, I replyd that I did not know that it was in their prcincts , nor that Capt Clayborne had euer practized wth the Indians against them and that for my owne pte I would be deposd vpon my oath tht I was neuer an Instrumt or Interprted to the Indians for Capt Claiborne, in any such kind, and pfered them to take my oath of it then but they would not giue it me, then he caused certaine writings to be made for me to sett my hand to, and they were to effect that I should Justifie that Capt Claiborne had vnlawfully practized wth the Indians against them, wch the Clerke to my best remembrance in readinge the writinge to me neuer men?ned any such thinge.

I had like to haue set my hand to it, beleivinge it had ben as the Clerke read it, but I takinge it in my owne hand and readinge it found it to be otherwise, then he reade it to me wherevpon I refused to set my hand to it, then the Gouernor caused it to be changed twice againe, wch beinge don he told me it had ben all one if I had set my hand to the other, for they were all three as one in effect, then agayne he told me he would either send me to Virginia or to England for I should not retourne to Capt Clayborne any more to be his instrumt in 0152 148 his vnlawfull practizes, but afterwards the Gouernor riseinge from the table and comeinge to me in a Milder way then he had don, before callinge me by my name tould me if I would take imploymt from him I should haue good meanes and be welcome to him, I replyd, Sr I can not answer it to be imployed by you or any other beinge as yet Capt Claybornes Couenant Seruant, then he said take imploymt of me and lett me alone to answer it, then he further demaunded of me if I would resolue to take imploymt I told him noe then he bid me thinke vpon it, Moreouer I heard him say that all the Baye downeward wthin 6 or 8 myles of Akamak both easterne shoare and Westerne shoare was wthin their prcincts , and wthin 3 or 4 dayes after he sent me and the rest of or Company away wthout Armes or victualls to home in a Cannow a matter of twenty leagues through the Townes of the Indians. Moreouer I remember that Capt ffleete beinge set at supper wth Capt Cornwallis and the Kinge of Potuxun fallinge into discourse of the Accusations layd against Capt Clayborne, The last yeare Capt ffleete sayd it had ben very breife in the Mouthes of the Indians all wayes vntill that his last voyage and that then he said he heard nothinge, moreouer he said that he had sayd too much of it, and he thought not that Mr Hawley would haue drawen his comen discourse into writinge, if he had he would haue ben more warye, ffurthermore he told me that I had cause to thanke god that he came soe happily to take me out of the hands of the Indians who as he said would haue killed mee, wch I know to be false and not soe, And againe the Indians told me that it was by meanes of Capt Claybornes Cloth, wch Capt ffleete tooke in his Pinnaces that he bought the Beavor it beinge better liked of the Indians then that wch they had of the Gouernors the Indians sayeinge 0153 149 it was nought. And all this I wilbe ready when I shall be called to be deposed on and soe I haue hereunto sett my hand.

Signed

Henry Ewbanck.

No. 4. SECRETARY KEMP TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

January 1638 Mr Rich. Kemp to (Secretary) from Virginea

[Superscription.]

To the Right Honoble and my very good Lord the Lord Baltimore these Present

My Lord:

I receiued yor Lorpps Commands of the second of August Last for the buying of ffortye neate Cattle, ten Sowes, fforty Henns and Ten Negroes to be Transported to St Maryes for yor vse.

At the tyme of the receiuing of yor Lorpss sayd Letters I expected yor Brothers arrivall daily in Virginia, but vnderstanding after, that he was imbarqued about the Isle of Kent busines, I writt to him desiring advice from him, but at this date have heard nothing of him.

I have onely hitherto made inquirye where to make the purchase of what you desire, the reason why I have not dealt further is, ffirst the streightnes of the tyme limited mee being 0154 150 Christmas, wch was a short warning and the tyme of the yeare soe vnseasonable that in likely hood before they could have bene deliured they would all have perished for want of fodder wch is very rare in Virginea, and I beleeve not yett knowen in Maryland, but how ever tis the Most dangerous, and only fatall tyme for Murreine of Cattle, wch they fynd, who are best provided to prserve them.

When yor Brother and I conferr, what he shall find fitt to require of mee, shall be readily obeyed (my Creditt and all my Indeavours being at yor Lorpps disposall) By the next I hope yor Lorpp shall receiue our ioint Account in the busines.

The duplicates of our prsent dispatches I humbly herewth prsent , whereby I doubt not but yor Lorpp will observe how the old, and inveterate malice of Sr John Harvey his Adversaryes reflecteth likewyse vpon mee, instanced in two particulars, One about the Invoices, wch was soe strange a thing to the Sub Committees (as divers Informed mee who were prsent when they sate about the reference of those Petitions the Copyes whereof are now sent you ) that many Interrogatoryes past from them, why the two pence p Cask should be payed, and why the Secrtarye should have it, wth much other Language shewing noe good meaning towards mee, (for it seemeth I am a Rub in theire way)

The other in that Capt West in his Complaint against Sr John Harvey bringeth mee in allso as much guiltye for receiuing flue shillings for a Tickett for every Passenger that goeth out of the Colonye. The first yor Lorpp will fynd fully Answered in the duplicate if they will allow of the Kings Order.

The other I will never deny to have receiued being Warranted thereto by my Commission, as being a ffee belonging to all Secrtaryes before mee and soe rated by Act of Assembly, 0155 151 before my tyme, And yf Capt West had bethought himselfe he might have knowen, that by an Order of Court three yeares before my arrivall (himselfe being one att the making thereof) the Secrtarye may receiue ten shillings for every passe, and soe pportionably double for all other ffees more then I ever demanded. I have prsumed to trouble yor Lorrpp wth the Copyes of the Acts, and of the sayd Order of Court hoping of yor Lorpps favour to pduce them if there shall be Occasion.

The frequent, and Constant Reports this yeare of a Companye comming vpon vs doe at prsent much distract vs, in so much that most are rather contriving how to desert the place then too loose any more Indeavour heere, where noe stabilitye of theire Affaires is to be expected.

Yor Honors interest (I feare) will not be least in the priudice thereof for yf some of the cheifest of those who designe a Companye be true to theire Oaths, you must expect all the opposition that malice can giue.

I hope yor Lorpp will fynd power and meanes to prevent them, yf wee can leape this Rub I doubt not but our Affaires will run a more even course heerafter. Thus resting

Yor Lorpps humbly to serve you

Rich: Kemp.

After the writing hereof yor Brother arrived heere at James Towne, by whom I receiued a further Command from yor Lorpp then was intimated to mee in yor Letter, wch was abowt the sparing of yor Lorpp some Sheepe, wherein I will willing serve yor Lorpp Humbly desiring yor Honor to accept from mee Ten Ewes, and a Ram, wch I will deliur this Summer to yor Brother for yor vse. 0156 152 Yor Brother and I have likewyse conferrd abowt yor demands, the conclusion whereof he hath pmised mee to giue yor Lorpp an Account of, As allso of a pposition wch if intended (according to the Information to vs brought) and deuly psequted, and assisted may perchance giue a blow to the new Companye, if it be not advanced too farr allreadye.

No. 5. SECRETARY KEMP TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

25 Aprill 1638 Mr Rich: Kemp to me. from Virginea against Mr Hawley.

[Superscription.]

To the Right Honoble and my very good Lord the Lord Baltimore these present

My Lord

By my Last of the 6th of Aprill I prsented yor Lorpp wth the duplicates of the Acts of our Last Assembly wth the whole proceedings thereof, And because what concerneth the interest of soe noble a ffreind may be noe vnwellcome Information to you I haue herewth presented yor Lorpp wth the Copye of the Pattent sent this yeare to my Lord Matravers.

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I beseech yor Lorpp to allow mee of yor favour in the acquainting you how it stands wth vs vpon the arrivall of the new Treasurer Mr Hawlye. The generall disgust of the Inhabitants was and is such against him that the Last Assembly had disabled him from that place, and power he holds, had not the Governor and Counsell curbd theire pceedings.

At that tyme Mr Hawlye had given noe other account to vs of the extent of his power then what his commission expressed wch warranted him noe further then what did belong to former Treasurers and expressly for the Receiuing of the quitt Rents in the Execution whereof ney ther the Governor nor any of the counsell conceiued any iniurye to themselues.

When the Assembly was dissolved, he then pduced to vs his Instructions, wherein ffines, and all other perquisites to the King were expresslye wthin the Lymitts of his commission, as allso all Grants of Land were first to passe his appbation, and allowance and vpon what tearmes they were to passe was left to his discretion.

In which particulars the Governor and Counsell had iust cause to doubt what his Intendments were.

The Governor found his mayne subsistance taken away, And in especiall manner such a mayme it must be to all succeeding Governors that how they can liue wthout forcing meanes of being from the people is not in my experience of the place to sett downe, for granting the Kings pension of one thowsand pounds p annum payed after the Rates of provision in this country (hiring or building of howsing being considered) it can in noe measure giue him supportance equall to the Quallitye of his place.

And for the Grants of Land as the tearmes haue ben allwayes certeine soe the priviledge and power of granting haue by Antient Charter bene given and as in all succeeding 20 0158 154 tymes soe the Last yeare were againe confirmed to the Governor and Counsell. This suddein Alteration as it gives infinite distraction to the people, soe it must wthout doubt much discourage, and dishearten those who haue, and doe serve his matie heere in the places of Governor and Counsell.

And heere yor Lorpp may please to giue mee leave to be something sensible of my owne suffering. The Office and benefitt of the Invoices wch was formerly belonging to the place of Secretary is now by expresse warrant a peculiar perquisite to his place (this following I receiue by information). His Intents are to gaine the profitts of the Pattents, and to haue the keeping of the Seales, what is the remaynder of my ffees will not cloth, and paye one Clarke yearely.

My Predecessors in this place had an allowance of twenty servants and cattell wth all what I at any tyme have inioyed what soe many servants in those tymes when Tobacco wins sold for foure shillings p pound might yeild may without over Rating be valeiwed at one thousand pounds p Annum, this allowance (as it belonged to former Secrtaryes) was granted mee, yet I inioy noe part of it, though the Labour of the place be doubled.

And if Mr Hawley thus gleane from mee, and wthall increase my toile (for his Execution and Accompt will be very short wthout my help, and furtherance from the Records, I conceiue yor Lorpp will Judge I doe not without cause exhibite this my greiuance.

Why I haue taken the boldnes to trouble yor Lorpp wth this Relation, without the Least Intimation heerein to any other, with favour I am thus induced. Because I receiue from vndoubted Information that the effect of Mr Hawlye his busines proceeded from yor Lorpps favour in his behalf.

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I am from my owne assurance as confident that yor Lorpps intents had noe aime eyther of publiq greiuance, or lessening those whose service you may please in any tryall to command. All wch therefore I humbly tender to yor Lorpps consideration. Resting.

Yor Lorpps Humbly to serve you

Rich: Kemp.

James Cittie this 25th of Aprill 1638.

Yor Brother the other day acquaynted mee wth yor Lorpps commands to ppound to the next Assembly that for the better Regulating of the Trade in the Bay, the bounds of yor Lorpps Province might be sett downe in an Act wth wch those of Virginia should not Trade, wthout Lycense from thence and soe on the contrarye, wherein I will not fayle effectually to serve yor Lorpp

No. 6. SECRETARY KEMP TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

4 Febr: 1638 Mr Rich: Kemp Secre: of Virginea to me Concerning Sr Frances Wyatt from Virginea

[Superscription.]

To the Right Honoble and my very good Lord the Lord Baltimore these humbly Present

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My Lord

I receiued Lately a Letter from Sarieant Maior Donne and a Leiftenant Evelyn wherein I was desired wth all secrecye and dispatch to certifye certeine depositions to prove the designe of poisoning the Indians in the tyme of Sr ffrancis Wyatts Government, as allso that through his Oversight and vnskillfull Carriage many people were drawen from theire Plantations to theire greate priudice and to the much dishonour of the Nation, to wch purpose I haue vsed all possible Indeavour and sent them in this inclosed packett wth other materiall writings extracted out of the Records affirming the Slaverye indured by the people theere vnder the Tyrannye of the Companye. Theire further Advice was to direct my Letters in a Cover eyther to my Lord Matrevers & Mr Endimion Porter for Capt Bond (they being both his ffreinds) But I have declined that course not being Confident enough of a safe conveiance to eyther of theire hands. And therefore Assuring my selfe of yor Lorpps pardon heerin I did pcure one Mr Clegy an Agent for Mr Jennings to direct the packett to him and by this meanes to be sent to yor Lorpp .

By the ffirst Shipp the Rebecca yor Lorpp may perchance have vnderstoode of the bad newes wch then freshly arrived before the going of that shipp concerning the cutting of yor people at Maryland. But I am confident it will prove but an Indian flam to amaze vs wch is usuall among them. My reasons being that both yor Brother himselfe and Boates from this Colonye speedilye went to inquire the truth, wch if it had bene our owne Boates at least would have returned and given the alarum, for if tht be soe, the Danger knocketh att our owne dores, and wee are resolved to meete it and not Attend it.

Next wee have made particular inquirye both of the Chicohoming Indians and the Pamonkey Indians whoe are 0161 157 neighbouring to the Wicocomicoes concerning whom the Report goeth, that it was committed by them. But these know nothing thereof, wch if they did, they would ffreely relate being Enemyes at prsent to those Wicocomicoes. yf they have attempted anything and that more danger be doubted. Wee will be readye wth our whole forces to Vindicate yor Cause, and assure theire further safetyes. Thus humbly resting

Yors Lorpps faithfully and humbly to serve you

Rich: Kemp

James Cittye this 4th of ffebruary 1638.

No. 7. THOMAS COPLEY TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

3 Aprill 1638 Mr Tho. Copley to me, from St Maries heerein are demands of very extravagant priuiledges

[Superscription.]

To the Right Honble the Lord Baltamor these be

Right Honerable

I wrot unto your lorpe laitly uery largly by Captaine Hopson, enclosed in a letter to my cousen Genio, and befor that in a letter sent by Mr Robert Euelinge. Now therfor only 0162 158 according to the present occasion, I will giue your lorpe some accoumpte touchinge the laite assembly and the proceedings thereof—

First then as I acquainted your lorpe in my former letter It was not fitt that we should be there in person, and our Proxis would not be admitted in that manner, as we could send them, and therfor as we weare excluded thence, Soe we did not intermeddle wth them there. Yet Mr Lugar conceauing that some that had relation to us weare not soe fauourable to his waye, as he desired, seemed in some sorte to attribute the same to us, But I will assure your lorpe that he was much mistaken, for truly we weare noe cause therof, as he might easily haue gathered in that William Lewis who is our ouerseier, and had more Proxis then all the rest, was euer concurring wth him, wch could not haue binne if we had binne auerse, but howsoeuer, I canne not heare that euer any of the rest weare auerse to any thinge that concerned your lorpe and therfor if he should write any thinge to that effecte, your lorpe may be confidente that they are meere friuolous suspitions of his owne, wthout any true grounde. Truly the diuill is uery busie here to raise such lyke apprehensions, wch though most false, yet they serue his turne to hinder much the frute, wch otherwyse we might haue, but I trust that you lorpe will be warye of them, and not doubte, but that next unto god, we are sincerely your lorpes perhape much more then those, who seeming more, are indeed most there owne.

Touching the lawes wch your lorpe sent, I am told that they would not be accepted and, euen the Gouenor, and Mr Lugar said once to me, that they weare not fitt for this Colonye. for myne owne parte, seeing noe seruice that I could doe your lorpe therin and many inconuenices that I might runne into by intermedlinge, I neuer soe much as rede them nether doe I yet 0163 159 know what they contained; for the temporall prouidence I left my selfe to your lorpe and for matter of conscience, I supposed that your lorpe had taken good aduise what occasion then could I haue to intermeddle aboute them? The lawes wch now are sent to your lorpe I neuer knew nor saw till euen now, that they weare ready to be sent to your lorpe And there being hast to send them, I only gott a hasty uew of them. Yet diverse things euen in that hasty reeding occured to me, wch I conceaued requisite to acquainte you wth all, leauing them to your lorpe more serious consideration.

First then reflecting on the Infancy of this Plantation, and on the many difficultye that are in conserning it, many things, that herafter when it should be fully planted might be profitable unto it, at this time seemed lyklier to keepe it backe then to forwarde it. As for example wheras It is required, that 20 men be regestred here befor any one canne pretend to a mannor, I doubte uery much, whether many will be found in England, that will be able and willing to uenture at first such a charge, easpecially if they reflecte, that in case some of there men dye runne away or miscarry, they must turne freeholders, and out of the remainder of there misfortune pay for euery hundred acre of ground yeerly one barrell of Corne, a paiment perhaps not uery heauy to one who gitting a maite and labouring faithfully himselfe, and taking but one hundred acre, will haue noe greate difficultye to pay it, but to a gentleman, who hath a companye of headstronge seruants wch in the beginning easpecially shall scarcly maintaine themselue, this burden will cumme heauy.

And accordingly Mr Greene one of the Gentlemen that camme in the Arke, reflecting that besydes the losse of his halfe share of trucke, he was now to pay tenne barrells of Corne for his 10000 acres and that only he had three men to raise that 0164 160 and maintaine himselfe and his wyfe confidently told me that he must necessarily deserte the Colonye. But further suppose that one should raise men sufficient to git a Mannor, Yet when he shall reflecte, that whatsoeuer happeneth, he canne not sell his Mannor, but by keeping it he must be necessitated to liue where perhaps he hath noe will, I doubte that many will be terrified by that hazard. Besyds, by these laws euery lord of a Mannor must pay 20 shillings for euery thousand acres, he must in his owne persons, wth all his able men and free holders, be mustered, and be subiecte to the fines and punishments of the muster maister, who may search his munition euery month, and perhaps punish him for that wch he could not possibly git. In the seruice of the country he must send 15 freemen, and by those of his Mannor maintaine them during the time of seruice he must prouide himselfe and his men wth necessarie munition, he shall not trade, but be compelled to plante, though most of those that maide the lawe, haue tolde me that there is noe commoditye to be gott by planting. His taxes and publique seruice must be more then in other countrys, because the men here are uery few, and if these lawe shall be executed by busye heads, the uexations they may raise upon uery few men will not be few, and yet if through the abuse of some base baleife or the lyke officer they should happen to stricke an officer, he shall loose lyfe lands and goods. Truly I am sure that if these things should be exactly pursued, that few would tarry, and whether if by publique lawe such things be once bruted many will cumme, I doubte much. This I am sure that some here reflecting on what they haue donne say plainly that if they canne not liue here, they canne liue else where, and therfor that they care not much. Others complaine uery much that by the many Proxies wch the Gouernor, Mr Lugar, and there instruments 0165 161 had gotten, they did what they would, wthout any restraints at all. Others already question the Validity of they lawes because they say that they canne prooue, that they weare neuer red thrice in the same tenor, others say other things, and if the only apprehension of future consequence already beginne to affright them, what will the consequence themselue doe. Truly I doubte that euen in the most flourishing countrys lords of Mannors, would conceaue such lyke laws some what burdensom. What then will those apprehend, who shall be soe weake that they shall scarcely be able to stande of themselues? Certainly I conceaue that your lorpe will rather thinke it fit to nourish and support younge sprigs, then to depresse them; and to goe aboute to gather frute befor it be planted, and ripe, is neuer to haue frute.

But perhapes some may be of opinion, that if your lorpe canne but haue the trade of Beauer and Corne to your selfe, the plantation is not much to be regarded. And the fewer there are the better cheire will be for them, and that amonge Ruens they shall alwaye find some-thinge. Yet against this I would desyre your lorpe to reflecte that in a flourishing plantation, Your lorpe shall euer be sure of a growing profit and honor. But in these pettye trades and in raking out of mens necessitye, the honor will be little, and the profitt uery uncertaine. Some that are immediate actors perhaps may gitt some thinge, but your lorpe shall be sure if you your selfe haue the profite, to make large disbursments, and to receaue large accoumpts, and besydes I am of opinion that god will not prosper such designes, where if your lorpe reiecting them sticke to your first designes, god in time will giue them a happy successe, and raise to your selfe and your seed noe small Blessinge. Here certainly nothinge is wanting but people let it be peopled, and it shall not yeeld to the most flourishing country for profitt 21 0166 162 and pleasure, the promoting then of this must be your first aime, and this your lorpe must encourage by all means, and when your fruts are ripe, it will be time to gather them. Now only you must nourish plants, and while you expect fruts from others, by your selfe seeke fruts from the earth, wch may be gathered in plenty, if your lorpe please to cumme and see, and resolue on the best, for mine owne parte I haue soe good an apprehension of the country, that I noe way repent me of my iourney, but liue uery contentedly and doubte not but if I canne haue patience and expecte the seazons, I shall find as happy frute here as in any other parte of the world. But endeed the old saings are true that Roome was not bulte in a day, and that such as will lipe ouer style, befor they cumme at them, shall breake there shin, and perhaps not gitt ouer the still soe quickly, as those, who cumme to them, befor they goe ouer.

Many other things to this effect will occure to your lorpe upon better consideration then I could take, yet these occuring I could not omitte to suggest them. I beseech almighty god, that your lorpe may make the best use of them, to gods greatest glorie, and your owne temple. But now I will say some thinge of the Inconuenience falinge by these lawes of the church of god, wch should have binne regarded in the first place, but was not thought of, as it seemeth by the lawe. In wch

First there is not any care at all taken, to promote the conuersion of the Indians. to prouide or to shew any fauor to Ecclesiasticall persons, or to preserue for the church the Immunitye and priueledges, wch she enioyeth euery where else; But rather Mr Lugar seemeth to defend opinions here, that she hath noe priualedges iure diuino. That bulls Canons and Casuists are little to be regarded in these cases, because they speake for themselues, as if others oposing them had noe selfe 0167 163 interest and therfor must know better what belongs to the church then she hirselfe. That Priueledge are not due to the church till the common wealths in wch the church is grante them. And therfor while they grante none, I doubte that not only Mr Lugar, but also some others that I feare adhere to much to him, conceaue that they may proceed wth Ecclesiasticall persons an wth others, and accordingly they seeme to resolue to bind them to all there lawes, and to exacte of them as of other, and in practice already they haue formerly granted warrants against some that dwell wth us, whom though the shrive (who hath formerly bin a purseuante, and is now a cheife protestante) desyred me to send him downe, Yet he added (euen befor the Gouernor if I be not mistaken) that he must otherwyse fech him downe. Againe euen already befor your lorpe haue confirmed the lawes; Mr Lugar hath demaunded of me to be paid this yeere fifteene hundred weight of Tobacco towards the bulding a fort, Wheras I dare boldly say that the whole Colony together neuer bestowed on me the worth of fiue hundred weight one would thinke that euen out of Gratitude, they might free us from such kinde of taxation easpecially seing, we put noe taxe upon them, but healpe them gratis, and healpe them also in such a manner, that I am sure they canne not complaine.

Secondly by the new lawe we should relinquish what we haue, and then cast lotts in what place we shall chooce, and if our lott prooue ill, what we bane already may be chosen from us and soe we may beginne the world anew, and then ether we must loose all our buldinge, all our cleering, all our enclosures, and all our tennants, or else be forced to sitt freeholders, and to pay for euery hundred acres one barrell of corne wheras we are not yet in a little care to gitt bread.

0168 164

3dly Though we should haue the best lott; yet if we should choose Metapanian first, then we are sure to loose Mr Gerards Mannor, notwthstanding that we haue bought it at a deere raite, and if we permite this precident that Assemblys may alter mens rights; noe man shall shall neuer be sure of what he hath, but he that canne git most proxis in euery assembly shall dispose of any mans estate that he pleaseth, wch is most unlawfull in the churches state, for any secular man to doe, and for ecclesiasticall persons to permite.

4thly Taking any Mannor, we must be trained as sooldeirs we must prouide munition, we must haue in euery mannor 15 freemen ready for the seruice of the country, whom we must also maintaine in time of seruice, and others things we should be subiecte to by these lawes, wch would be uery unfitt for us.

5tly It is expected that euery head plante two acres of Corne, wheras therfor already we find by experience that we canne not possibly employ halfe our number in planting, we must ether turne planters ourselues, or else be forced to be trenching upon this law and as more cumme in unlesse our men also increase we shall still trench more.

6thly We should not only loose our trade in Beauer and Corne, but euen for the come wch we shall need to buy for bread, we must aske leaue, and if such as are to giue leaue should haue a desygne to monopolize the Corne, or for any other respects would be crose, upon what extremityes would the quickly cast us; really, I should be uery loth to liue at the curtesy of other men.

7ly Though I am resolued to take no land but under your lorps title yet time may cumme, that perhaps it would prooue noe small inconuenience, that a conuerted Indian Kinge may not giue to him to conuerteth soe much land as might suffice to buld a church or a house on, And I would desyre your 0169 165 lorpe to enquire whether any one that should goe aboute to restraine ecclesiasticall libertys in this points encurre not the excommunications of Bulla Cœnæ

8ly In euery Mannor 100 acres must be laid out for Gleabe lande, if then the intention should be to bind them to be pastors who enioy it, we must ether, by retaining soe much euen in our owne land undertake the office of Pastors, or lesse euen in our owne Mannor maintaine Pastors, both wch to us would be uery Inconuenient.

9ly That it may be preuented that noe woman here uow chastety in the world, unlesse she marry wth in seauen yeers after land fall to hit, she must ether dispose away of hir land, or else she shall forfeite it to the nexte of kinne, and if she haue but one Mannor, wheras she canne not alienaite it, it is gonne unlesse she git a husband. To what purpose this ole law is maid your lorpe perhaps will see better then I for my parte I see greate difficultyes in it, but to what purpose I well see not.

10ly In the order sett downe for paiment of debts, I had not time to examine it, I desyn your lorpe to girt it well pondered, for I doubte It runneth not right wth that wch is ordinarily prescribed by Casuits as iust.

11ly In the 34 law amonge the Enormous Crime One is Exercisinge iuridiction and authoritye, wthout lawfull power and commission diriued from the lord proprietarie. Herby euen by Catholiques a law is prouided to hange any catholique bishop that should cumme hither and also euery preist, if the exercise of his functions be interprited iuridiction or authority. Diuerse other things I doubte not but that. your lorpe will obserue, when wth better consideration then I haue donne, you shall reed ouer these lawes. Yet this may suffice to giue your lorpe a Caution not to be inuolued in these grose ouersyghts. 0170 166 I hope that gods grace time and good instruction may by degrees make men here more sensable of god, and of his church and of the conuersion of Infidels hertofor soe much pretended But for the present gods cause is committed to your lorps hands

And that your lorpe may be sure to proceed right therein, I beseech your lorpe befor you doe any thinge aboute these lawes, that you would be pleased to reed ouer and to ponder well the Bulla Cœnæ. Secondly that in things concerninge the church your lorpe would take good aduise of the church. Thirdly that your lorpe would be uery wary not to trench upon the church and where any thinge may seeme to trench, to use fitt præuention against the bad consequence. And to healpe to settle our quiet here. I beseech your lorpe to send me a priuate order, that we may while the gouerment is catholique enjoy thes priuiledges follow

The first that the church and our houses may be Sanctuarie

The second that our selues and our domestique seruants, and halfe at least of our planting seruants, may be free from publique taxes and seruices, And that the rest of our seruants and All their tennants as well as seruants he intimates heere ought to be exempted from the temporall gouerment. [ Note in Baltimore's hand. ] our tennants, though exteriorly the doe as others in the Colony, Yet that in the manner of exacting or doing it, priuatly the custome of other catholiques countrye may be obserued as much as may be that catholiques out of bad practice cumme not to forgit those due respects wch they owe to god and his church.

The third is that though in publique we suffer our cause to be heard and tryed by the publique magestrats, yet that in priuate they know, that they doe it but as arbitrators and defendors of the church because Ecclesiasticall iuridiction is not yet here setled.

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The fourth. That in our owne persons and wth such as are needfull to assiste us, we may freely goe, abide and liue amonge the Sauages, wth out any licence to be had here from the Gouernor, or any other.

lastly. that though we relinguish the use of many ecclesiasticall priueledge when we iudge it conuenient for satisfaction of the state at home, yet that it be left to our discretion to determine when this is requisite; and that we be suffered to enioy such other priueledges as we may wth out note.

And touching our temporaltyes. first I beseech your lorpe that we may take up and keepe soe much lande, as in my former letters I acquainted your lorpe to be requisite for our present occasions, according to the first conditions wch we maid wth your lorpe and that albeit we now take not up neere our due, yet that herafter we may take it up when we find it fitt according to our aduentures. And if of that wch we now haue a parte proue conuenient to be laide out for a towne at St Maries, Be confidente that I will be as forwarde and free as any. Soe that things be carried in a faire and æquall manner. But I uerily belieue that if the lande be left in our hand, the place shall much sooner be bult on and planted, then if it be taken out.

In the trade I shall requeste that your lorpe performe soe much, as that we may employ one bote whensoever we shall not otherwyse use it, My reason is, because of necessitye we must keepe a bote and when we use hir not, if we haue not this enploiment for hir we shall not be able to supporte hir charge. The thinge is uery necessarie for us, and not inconuenient to your lorpe whatsoeuer some ouer greedy to engrose this trade may suggest to the contrarie. I assure my selfe that your lorpe will not stande wth us for soe small a matter. The game I ualew uery little, but the conueniency uery much, and 0172 168 therfor I beseech your lorpe not to runne us into a greate inconuenience for a uery small or noe profitt to your selfe.

I desyre lykwyse from your lorpe a free Grante to buy corn of the Indians wthout asking leaue here, for endeed It will be a greate pressure to eate our bread at there curtesye, who as yet I haue found but uery little curtuous. Certainly while the cheife of this Colony thus wholy neglect planting, and thinke on nothing but on a pedling trade certainly in the Colony, they will still make a scarcity of bread, and in that scarcity if we shall not be able to healpe ourselues nor the Colonye wthout there leaue, that make the want, many greate difficultyes may follow. Certainly I haue this yeere planted, much more, then the greatest parte of the Colonye besyde, and soe intende to continue what I am able, because endeed in planting I place my greatest hope, yet for some yeers I know that I must buy, and in buying there canne be noe inconuenience to your lorpe to grante me a generall licence. And therfor I trust that your lorpe will not denye it, and to encourage your lorpe to doe us fauour, this much I will be bold to tell your lorpe that though my principall intention be to serue your lorpe to the prime end, wch is the healpe of soules, yet in peopling and planting this place, I am sure that none haue donne neere soe much as we, nor endeed are lykly to doe soe much. We are resolued to liue and dye here under your lorpe wch I thinke few others are. Sweete Jesus grante that all may be to his greatest glorie, and if to this your lorpe freely concurre, God I doubte not will also concurre wth your lorpe and for this blesse the rest, wch I beseech him to doe wth as many Blessings as he wisheth who will euer be

Your lorpe serious well wisher and seruant T. C.

S. Maries this 3 of Aprill 1638.

0173 169

Since the writing of the former letter I am told that Mr Lugar defends publiquely in the Colony, that an assembly may dispose here of any mans lands or goods as it please if this weare once bruted and belieued I conceaue that none would ether cumme or abide here, easpecially where if any factious working man canne but procure an ouerswaing number of Voices by Proxes, he shall undoe whome he please, and none shall be sure of any thinge that he hath, seeing experience hath shewed that one that would labor for it, may quickly git such a faction and such an ouerswaing uoice of Proxis that he may carry what he will really I much feare, that this ouerbusye stirringe to many new querks and deuises, will neuer doe your lorpe nor the Colony good. I pray god it doe not much harme, according to the old prouerbe that a busye man neuer wants Woe.

NO. 8. THOMAS CORNWALEYS TO LORD BALTIMORE.

16 Aprill 1638 Mr Tho: Cornwaleys to me from St Maries

Right Holl

I receaued yr Letr dated the 25: of May last for wch and yr therein nobly proffered favoures, I should before this time haue retourned humble thanks, had I not hoped in person toe haue kist yr hands this yeere in England. But yr Lops Service and the pretended Good of Maryland, would not permit mee toe provide for my Journy, nor yet toe follow my owne affayres when my best dilligence had beene most vrgently 22 0174 170 needefull for the Accomodating of them toe my best Advantage. Wch how preiud itiall it proued toe mee heere Capt: Anthony Hopson whoe with his Ship was then vpon his departure from hense can partly informe you if you suppose it worth the questioning, And what it may bee in England should my wiues tooe probable indisposition disenable her from manageing my affayres there, yr Lop : may Imagin. Yet I think non can say that my Pryvate Interrest made mee much repine at the Authorety that co?anded mee, nor negligently Execute what was expected from mee, wch though it proued nothing soe difficult or dangerouse as was Imageined, yet I suppose the Easy effecting of the busynes, doth not deminish the desert of good Desires, but may pas for noe impertinent demonstration, of my reall respects toe yr Lops Service, notwithstanding the many Sugiestions made toe you of the Contrary, of wch were I Guilty more then I supposed Honor and Contiens did oblige mee, I should not I feare haue the Humillety toe deny it, obstinasy beeing allwayse the effect of self conceited opinions, of wch I hope I am soe Innocent that if youre Lop: or any other can Accuse mee for wilfully swarueing from that vnblameable rule by wch I pretend toe Guide myself and my Actions I am soe far from Perrentory persisting in my Error, As I will not only Acknowledg my fault, but allsoe make what satisfaction the Iniured Party can Expect from my vtmost Abillety. Nor can I think but I haue reason toe Expect the like from others, And therefore I hope what Agreement soe ever yr Lop: makes with Capt: Clayborne you will eyther Include such A Satisfaction for the Damages I receaued by him, as shall bee worthe my Acceptance, or leaue mee roome toe seeke it myself. Wch I assure him I will not fayle toe doe if ever wee meete where there is hope of Impartiall Justice, as I promised his Agents when they had basely betrayde mee. On of whom now Lyes at yr mercy for 0175 171 his Life, And wch is Strange I am A Suter for his Pardon out of meere Charety towards his Poore wife and Children. Wch are reasons that would induce mee toe doe the Like for theyre Cheefe Capt: did bee stand in the Like circumstances, As I doubt not but hee will if hee gayne not A quietus from his Maty: or yr Lop: for how wee haue proceeded agaynst him heere you will see by the Act made for his Atayneture, wch comes for yr Lops Confirmation with many others among wch if there were non more vnjust, I should bee as Confydent toe see this same A happy Common wealthe as I am now of the Contrary if yr Lop bee not more wary in Confirmeing then wee haue beene wire in Proposeing. Therefore I beseeche yr Lop: for his Sake whose honor you and wee doe heere pretend, and whoe at Last must Judg wth what Sincerety wee haue discharged it, That you from whose Consent they must receaue the bindeing fors of Lawes, will not permit the Least Clawes toe pas that shall not first bee throughly Scand and resolued by wise Learned and Religious Divines toe bee noe waise prejuditiall toe the Immunettyes and Priveledges of that Church wch is the only true Guide toe all Eternall Happines, of wch wee shall shew oureselues the most vngratefull members that ever shee nourished, if in requiteall of those many favors and Blessings that shee and her devoute Servants haue obtayned for vs, wee attempt toe depriue her or them, of more then wee can giue them or take from them, with out paying such A Price as hee that Buyes it will repent his Bargayne. What are her Greevances, and how toe bee remedyed, you will I doubt not vnderstand at Large from those whoe are more knowing in her rights and Consequently more sensyble of her Iniuryes then such an Ignorant Creature as I am. Wherefore now all that belongs toe mee, is only toe importune yr. Lop: in whose powre t'is yet toe mend what wee haue done Amis, toe bee most Carefull in preserueing his Honor whoe must 0176 172 Preserue both you and Maryland. Perhaps this fault hath beene permitted in vs as A favoure toe yr Lop whereby you may declare the Sincerety of yr: first pyouse pretence for the Planting of this desert Province, wch will bee toe much doubted of if you should take Advantage of oure Ignorant and vncontionable proceedeings toe Assume more then wee can Justly giue you. And for A Little Imaginary Honor, throw yr self vs and yr Country out of that protection wch hath hithertoe preserued and Prospered that and vs beyound Humaine Expectation; wch noe doubt will bee continued if wee Continue as wee ought, toe bee, I never yet heard of any that Lost by beeing bountyfull toe God or his Church, then let not yr Lop feare toe bee the first. Giue vntoe God what doth belong toe him, and doubt not but Cesar shall receaue his due. If yr Lop thinks mee tooe teadious in A discourse not proper toe the Part that I doe Act, my Interest in the whole Action must excuse mee, Sylence would perhaps make mee Supposed Accessary toe these dangerouse Positions, wch is soe far from my Intention, that as I now declare toe youre Lop and shall not feare toe doe the like toe all the world if it bee necessary, I will rather Sacrifice myself and all I haue in the defence of Gods Honor and his Churches right, then willingly Consent toe anything that may not stand with the Good Contiens of A Real Catholick. Wch resolution if yr Lop doe not allsoe make good by A Religious Care of what you send over Authorised by yr Consent, I shall with as much Convenient speede as I can with draw myself, and what is Left of that wch I brought with mee, out of the Danger of beeing involud in the ruein wch I shall infallibly expect. Yr Lop knowes my Securety of Contiens was the first Condition that I expected from this Government, wch then you thought soe Inocent as you Conceaved the proposition 0177 173 alltogether impertinent, But now I hope you will perceaue the Contrary. Nor were it difficult out of the Lawes sent over by yr Lop, or these that are from hence proposed toe you, toe finde Just grounds for toe feare the Introdusement of Lawes preiuditiall toe oure honors and freedome witnes that on Act whereby wee are exposde to A remediles Suffering of all Disgraces and Insolensyes that eyther the Pastion or Mallis of Suckseeding Gors shall please toe put vpon vs, with out beeing permitted soe much as A Lawfull defence for the secureing of Life or reputation though never soe vniustly Attempted toe bee taken from vs, with out forfeyteing the same and all wee haue too boote. This and many other Absurdetyes I doubt not but yr Lop: will finde and Correct vpon the peruseall of oure Learned Lawes, Among wch there is on that Confirmes the trade with the Indians for all Comodetyes toe bee exported vntoe yr Lop: by wch there is now in you an vndoubted Powre for toe ratefy yr first Conditions with the first Adventurers, wch I doubt not but yr Lop will performe toe theyre Content, whereby they may bee better Enabled and more obliged toe prosecute the good work they haue begun toe God's Honor and yr Lops Proffitt. for my part I will not deny myself toe bee perhaps on of the meanest deseruers among them, vnless desires might pas for merritts and then I durst compare with him that wisheth best toe Maryland. As I haue endeavored toe manifest by all exprestions that haue come within my reach, nor will I yet desist from doeing soe, if I may bee soe happy as toe see this differens betwixt the Church and Government well reconsiled agayne. And yr Lop at Peace with the first Adventurers whoe are I perceaue noe whit satisfyed with theyre Last Conditions for the Trade, Theyre harts haueing it seems not seconded theyre hands in the Agreement, but some for loue some for 0178 174 feare some by Importunety and the rest for Company consented toe what they now repine toe stand toe, nor can I blame them for tis impossible they can bee sauers by it. Wch made mee refuse toe beare them Company, and therefore am I now the only Supposed Enemy toe yr Lops Proffitt, wch I disclayme from vnless there bee an Antipothy betwixt that and my Subcistance on this Place. yr Lop: knowes I came not hither for toe plant Tobacco But haue toe my noe Little Preiudice hithertoe imployde myself and Servants in Publick works. The building of the mill was I Assure yr. Lop: A vast Charge vntoe mee, for besides the Labor of all my owne servants for two yeeres, I was at the Charge of divers Hirelings at 100: weight of Tob: the monthe with dyet when Corne was at 2: and 300 weight the Barrell, all wch besides divers materialls for it at Excessive rates is all vtterly lost by the Ignorance of A fooleish milwright whoe set it vpon A Streame that will not fill soe much in six weekes as will grinde six bushells of Corne, soe that myself nor the Colony is any whit the better for all the payns and Cost I haue beene at aboute it; yet doe I not deserue the les of Maryland, for I spared noe Cost nor labor for toe make good toe the vtmost what was Expected from mee, nor will I yet desert it for if I bee not tooe much discouraged by youre Lop I intend toe bestow on 100b or 2: more in remoueing of it toe a better Streame, if I can but see such A number in the Colony as will mayntayne A mill with Greeste in the meane time I am building of A house toe put my head in, of sawn Timber framed A story and half hygh, with A seller and Chimnies of brick toe Encourage others toe follow my Example, for hithertoe wee Liue in Cottages, and for my part I haue not yet had Leysure toe Attend my pryvate Conveniensy nor Proffitt wch is not a Little necessary for mee, haueing run myself and fortune 0179 175 allmost out of breathe in Pursute of the Publick good as I doubt not but it will appeere heereafter toe all impartiall Judgments, for I think allready few in the Colony will deny but that the Generallety was Les in debt, necessary Goods more Plentifull and better Cheape, when I only supplyed them, and that at the worst hand with goods bought at the Virginian rates, then now they are, when the Country doth abounde with many Dealers. for wch though I am sorry in respect of the Publick Penury, yet I cannot but Acknowledg it as A great favor of Allmighty Gods toe mee, since by it is manifested that had I had noe better motiue then the gayne I made, I should never haue put myself toe the Charge paynes and dangers that I under went in the busines. Though I know the Contrary was generally beleeued in England, where I was soe much behoulding toe the Charety, or rather Iniured by the mallis of some good People, as toe bee reported for A most vncontionable Extortioner of wch Sin were I guilty I feare I should not soe willingly desist from farther dealeing as now I doe, for seldome or never have I heard or seene Covetousnes decrease with Age, And yet I thank God I finde noe propention toe continue the troble, though I neyther perceaue my Debters or Creditors weary of my dealeing, but myself weary of the busynes And am therefore vnwindeing myself from these mecannick negotiations as fast as I can recover in my debts, That others may haue roome toe win what I haue lost by Maryland, nor will I Grudge toe see the Suckses answer theyre Expectation, Provided that the Place may thriue as well as they, for I profes myself soe reall A well wisher towards it, That all Pryvate respects are vndervallued if they Stand in Competition with the Publick good. Though I think non hath had les encouragement toe continue theyre good wills toe that or youre Lops Service then myself. It 0180 176 beeing thought tooe much after all the Labors and Dangers that I haue run through, and all the Costs and Charges that I haue been att, that I should share in any Proffitts that the Place affords, though for the mayntayneing of myself and famely vpon the Place I haue hithertoe yeerely Exhausted soe great A part of A Poore younger brothers fortune, as if I continue it with out some releeue it must needes in time make me vncapable of doeing good toe that or myself. Toe prevent wch I was this yeere determined toe haue waighted vpon yr Lop in England, and on way or other toe haue Concluded this fateall difference aboute the Trade. for my Lord I may properly vse the words of the Ghospell, I cannot Digg and to Begg I am Ashamed, if therefor yr Lop nor yr Country will afford mee noe other way toe support the great Expenses that I haue beene and dayly am at for my Subcistans heere, but what I must fetch out of the Grounde by Planting this Stincking weede of America, I must desert the Place and busynes, wch I confes I shall bee loth toe doe, soe Cordiall A lover am I of them both, yet if I am forst toe it by discourteous Iniuries I shall not weepe at parting nor despayre toe finde heauen as neere toe other parts as Maryland. But I will first doe my Endeavor toe Compose things soe as non shall say heereafter that I lost A right I bought soe deere through negligens or Ignorans. Other mens Imaginations are hoe infallible presidents toe mee, nor will the multitude of names nor Scales, moue mee toe bee A foole for Company, for what in them was only Inadvertens, non would tearm less then foolery in mee, whoe might or ought toe know by experiens, that it is impossible toe Comply with the Conditions mentioned in the Lease and bee A Sauer by them. And yet for my refuseing toe doe like the rest I doubt not but I am Sugiested the only Antagonist toe yr Lops Proffitt. When if 0181 177 the thing were rightly vnderstood you would Acknowledg that I haue done you more right then myself, by not Subscribeing toe what I should never haue intended willingly toe performe, there wanting not meanes by the neighbourhood of virginia toe haue Easely Avoyded it. Soe that the Event would haue been insteade of the Expected Proffit, the los of the best part of the trade, wch would haue been drawne out of yr Territoryes by yr own Subjects, whoe beeing there by forst toe shelter themselues vnder another Government, and findeing perhaps A Little Sweetnes in it, would quickly grow toe such an Avertion agaynst this Supposed oprestion, As nothing would bee more hatefull toe them then you and yr Authorety, And Consequently non soe forward toe depres both that and you, as those that otherwise would bee Zealous Defenders of you both. Had my owne right hoe referens toe these reasons my Single opposition would haue Appeered more meritorious then blameable, nor would that alter the Case did you but vnderstand how little my pryvate Proffit would haue beene preiudised by it. All the Inconveniens that I can reflect on toe myself, would haue beene my fetching the Truck, and carrying what beaver I could get, from and toe Virginia without bayting at St. Maryes. for I think non of the Adventurers would haue grudged mee A little share with them, or at Least denyed toe wink at my proceedeings if they had met mee, but rather perhaps haue done the like themselues, and where then had beene yr Lops pretended proffitt. But these are my Lord wayse soe Contrary toe my disposition, as I scorn toe profes the practiseing. I protest toe yr Lop that I am Ashamed toe heare Strangers sometimes take notis of what I haue done and suffered for you and youre Country, and yet toe conclude that neyther my person nor my Estate is secure from Iniury if I 23 0182 178 venture for toe trade in Maryland, without beeing behoulding toe my Servants Secresy, or goeing with as much Cawtion as if I stoale what I gott. wch poore kinde of proceedeing is so distastfull toe mee that though I haue beene (for Avoydeing greater Inconvenienses) contented for A time toe stoope vnder the burthen, yet am I soe weary of the weight as deemeing it tooe vnworthy of my Longer Patiens that I am resolued toe desert the Place, if neyther the right of my first Adventure, nor the Suekceedeing Exprestions of my fidellety toe yr Service and yr Countryes good can merrit soe much favoure from yr Lop as toe permit mee freely for toe rent at least soe much yearely as I ventured before I knew whether I should win or loose by the Bargayne. The Proffit of tradeing 60: pounde pr : yeere wch is the sum I shall bee satisfyed with all, if you shall not think fit toe enlarge it out of yr owne noblenes as an Encouragement toe my future deserts, will vndoubtedly never make mee rich, nor am I ambitious of it, I neuer yet pretended for toe get by Maryland, all I desire is but A help toe keepe mee from Sinking, as you may see by the reasonablenes of my request, wch yet if yr Lop please toe grant without farther troble toe y??elf or mee, I shall take it as the greatest exprestion of yr Lops favoure towards mee that ever yet I could boast of. And accordingly by A reall desire to deserue the Continueance Endeavor toe expres A respectiue Acknowledgment of yr readines toe doe mee right wch if I can gayne A fayre way and youre Lops favoure toe boote, it were tooe greate A disrespectiuenes in mee for toe Attempt the Contrary. If now therefore the Suckses answers not my Expectation I cannot help it whoe haue done my part toe let you see how desireous I am toe Avoyde all Publick disputes with you or yr. Authorety, whilst I am A poore member of yr Colony. What Course the rest of the first Adventurers will steere I know 0183 179 not, for I am Left toe guide my Bark Alone nor would I willingly bee otherwise, vnles wee could vnite oure Harts as well as Purses, wch not beeing fesible, I despayre of ever doeing good in partnerships, and am therefore resolued toe haue noe more Interest in Co?on Stocks. yet will I not bee much preiuditiall toe those that will, for what I promice eyther for price or quantety shall not fayle toe bee most punctually performed, only I love toe bee the manager of my owne Affayres, wch favoure if youre Lop please toe grant mee I shall not care for other Approbation. Newes I know yr. Lop lookes for non but what Concernes the Co?onwealth of Maryland in wch what I am defectiue I doubt not but yr. Secretary will Supply whoe is as quick as I am Slow in writeing, and therefore in that part A verry fit Subiect for the place hee bears, And if hee proues not tooe Stiff A maintayner of his owne opinions, and Somewhat tooe forward in Sugiesting new busineses for his owne imployment, hee may perhaps doe God and yr Lop : good Service heere I should bee Sorry toe Change Mr Hawley for him, whoe I perceaue stands not soe perfect in yr Lops : favoure as I could wish him wch perhaps some takeing Advantage at, and willing for toe fish in trobled waters, may by discourteous proceedeings towards him make him weary of vnproffitable Maryland, And fors him toe A Change more for his peace and Proffit. As Doubtles virginia would bee toe him if hee make good what bee hath vndertaken, of wch I see hoe other Likelihood if hee haue not left his worst Enemies behinde him, Among wch number I am Sorry toe see such probabillety of yr Lops beeing on as I perceaue there is. What reasons you haue for it is vnknowne toe mee, nor doe I presume toe Judg where the fault is, All that I wish as A Poore friende of his, is that yr Lop rightly vnderstood him for from thens I verrely beleeue doth flow those Jealosyes that I 0184 180 preceaue are risen betwixt you, wch beeing increast by misapprehentions of Contentious Spirits must certaynely if not in time prevented by some Charitable reconsiliation breake forth with such vyolens as will endanger the noe little preiudice of on or both of you. I Assure yr Lop : did I know any Just Cause toe Suspect his Sinserety toe Maryland, or the designe wee come vpon, I should not bee soe Confydent of his Innosence in deserueing toe ill from you or this Place. I cannot my Lord Suppose A little verball vehemensy vttered in the defens of A mans owne Supposed right, Suffitient toe Conclude him guilty of looseing all former respects toe greater obligations, wch if it bee soe greate A Crime I am toe seeke where I should finde on that would bee free when hee Supposeth his right vniustly questioned. I must confes I cannot pleade not guilty, and yet I doubt not but my greatest Enemies doe really beleeue mee for toe bee as I am A most vnfayned friende toe Maryland. And soe I am confident will Mr Hawley Appeere if you will glue him time and ocation for toe manifest it, and not by vyolent discourtesyes vpon vncertaine suppositions fors him toe Change his good intentions yr Lop : knowes how many difficultyes hee past in England, nor hath hee beene exempt from the like in these parts, and therefore hee is not too bee blamed for laying howld of some probable way toe repayre his many misfortunes, there beeing noe Antipothy betwixt that and the continueing of his respects vntoe yr. Lop . Well may the dischargeing of the office hee hath vndertaken invite him sometimes toe Looke towards Virginia, but certaynely not with preiudice toe Maryland, from whens hee receaues the greatest Comforts that the world affords him both for Sowle and body the on from the Church the other from his wife. whoe by her comportment in these difficult affayrs of her husbands, hath manifested as much virtue and 0185 181 discrestion as can bee expected from the Sex she owes, whose Industrious huswifery hath soe Adorned this Desert, that should his discouragements fors him toe withdraw himself and her, it would not A Little Eclips the Glory of Maryland. Thus haue I my Lord at large According toe my Capacety commended toe yr noble Consideration such Greevanses as for the present I am most sensible of, toe wch I hope toe receaue soe satisfactory an answer from yr. Lop : as will Encourage mee toe A resolution of fixing my Earthly Tabernacle in Maryland. Though I am now prepareing for A visit the next yeere intoe England, where I will Supply what is heere wanting concerning the affayres of Maryland. wch now wants A Commander for Martiall Cause I haveing vpon my determination of goeing this yeere for England Surrendered it vp and am loth for soe short A time toe take it Agayne, nevertheles at yr Lops request, I shall if the Governor commands mee see that the Publick shall not Suffer for want of Such poore Instructions as I can giue them, whilst I am resident among them, or that some other more able man discharge mee of the Care. In the mean time as I haue ever been A Reall Defender of yr. Lops right, Soe may you bee Confydent that I will continue. As beeing desirous in all Just wayes toe manyfest myself Youre really respectiue freind and Servant Tho: Cornwaleys from St Maryes this 6th of Aprill 1638.

0186 182
No. 9. GOV. LEONARD CALVERT TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

25 Aprill 1638 My Bro: Leonard to me. from Virginea. the taking of the Ile of Kent Palmers Iland what number of people & earle vpon them. Portobacke. Cedar redd-bird matts & Lyon.

Good Brother:

I haue endeauored this last winter to bring the Inhabitants of the Ile of Kent willingly to submit themselues to your gouernement and to incourage them therevnto I wrote vnto them a letter in Nouember, where amongst other motiues I vsed to perswade them, I promised to free them from all question of any former contempts they had committed against you, so that they would from thence forward desist from the like and submit themselues to the gouernment and to shew them greater fauor I gaue them the choice to name whom they would of the Inhabitants of the Ileand to be theire commaunder; but one Jhon Butler Cleybornes brother in law and one Tho: Smith an agent of Cleybornes vpon Kent was of such power amongst them that they perswaded them still to continue in theire former contumacie vpon notice giuen me hereof, I presently appointed Capt Euelin Commander 0187 183 of the Ileand wch formerly I purposely omitted because he was had in a generall dislike amongst them, him they contemned and committed many Insolencies against; wherefore findeing all faire meanes I could vse to be in vaine, and that no way but compulsion was left, I gathered togeather about twenty musketteers out of the Colony of St Maries and appointing the command of them to Capt Cornewallis whom I toocke as my assistant wth me, I sat saile from St Maries towards Kent about the latter end of November, intending to apprehend Smith and Butler if I could, and by the example of theire punishmt to reduce the rest to obedience, but it beeing then farre in the winter, the windes were so cross and the weather so fowle in the bay, that after I had remayned a week vpon the water I was forct to returne back and deferre that expedition vntill some fitter tyme, two months affter in the beginning of ffebruarie I was giuen to vnderstand that the Indians at the head of the bay called the Sasquahannoughs intended in the spring following to make warre vpon vs at St Maries pretending revenge for our assisting of our neighbors Indians against them two yeares before ( wch we neuer did though they will needs thinck so) and that they were incouraged much against vs by Thomas Smith who had transplanted himselfe wth other English from the Ile of Kent the last summer to an Ileand at the head of the bay fower miles below the falls called Palmers Ileand and vnderstanding likewise that they had planted and fortified themselues there by directions from Capt Cleybourne wth intent to liue there independent of you (because they supposed it out of the limits of your Prouince) and that the sd Smith and Mr Botler whom I haue formerly mentioned was then preparing to carrie a farther supply from Kent both of men and necessaries to the sd Ileand; I thought it expedient to stop theire proceedings in 0188 184 the beginnings, and for that purpose haueing aduised wth the councell about the busines I sat forth from St Maries for the Ile of Kent wth thirtie choice musketteers takeing Capt Cornewalleis and Capt: Euelin in my company to Capt Cornew: I appointed the command of those Soldiers I carried wth me, and afterward arriuing at the sd Ileand I landed wth my company a little before sunne rise, at the southermost end thereof where Capt Cleybornes howse is seated wthin a small ffort of Pallysadoes, but findeing the gate towards the sea at my comeing fast barred in the inside one of my company beeing acquainted wth the place quickly fownd passage in at an other gate and commeing to the gate wch I was at opened vnto me, so that I was arriued and entered the fort wthout notice taken by any of the Ileand wch I did desire, the easilier to apprehend Boteler and Smith the cheife incenduaries of the former seditions and mutinies vpon the Ileand, before they should be able to make head against me, and vnderstanding that Boteler and Smith were not then at the fort but at theire seuerall plantations I sent to all the lodgeings in the fort and caused all the persons that were fownd in them to be brought vnto me thereby to preuent theire giueing vntymely notice vnto Boteler and Smith of my commeing, and takeing them all alongst wth me I marched wth my company from thence wth what speed I could towards Botelers dwelling called the great thicket some fiue miles from the fort and appointed my Pinnass to meet me at an other Place called Craford, and makeing a stand about halle a mile short of the place, I sent my Ensigne one Mr Clerck (that came once wth Mr Copley) from England) wth tenne musketteires to Butler to acquaint him that I was come vpon the Ileand to settle the gouernement thereof and commaund his present repaire vnto me at Craford two miles distant from thence, wch the 0189 185 Ensigne accordingly did and brought Boteler vnto me before I remoued from where he left me, after I had thus possessed myselfe of him I sent my Serieant one Robert Vaugham wth six musketteires to Thomas Smiths who liued at a place called beauer neck right against Boteler on the other side of a Creeck wth like commands as I had formerly giuen for Boteler, and then marching forward wth your Ensigne displayed to Craford by the tyme I was come thither Smith was brought vnto me where haueing both the cheife delinquents against you I first charged them wth theire crimes and afterward committed them Prisoners aboard the Pinnass I came in and appointed a gard ouer them, after I caused a proclamation to be made of a generall pardon to all other the Inhabitants of the Ileand excepting Boteler and Smith for all former contempts against you that should wthin lower and twenty howers after the proclaiming of the same come in and submit themselues to your gouernement wherevpon wthin the time appointed the whole Ileand came in and submitted themselues, haueing receiued theire submission, I exorted them to a faithfull continuance of the same, and encouraged them thereto by assureing them how ready you would be alwayes vpon theire deserts to condescend to any thing for theire goods: Afterward I gaue order for the carrieing of Boteler and Smith to St Maries in the Pinnass I came in, and wth them sent most of the Soldiers as a gard vpon them commaunding them to be deliuered into the custody of the sheriffe at St Maries vntill my returne and my Pinnass to returne to the Ileand to me, where till my Pinnasses returne I held a court and heard and determined diuerse causes between the Inhabitants, at the end of the sd court I assembled all the Inhabitants to make choise of theire delegates to be present for them at a generall assembly then held at St Maries for the makeing of Lawes wch they 24 0190 186 accordingly did, and before my departure from them I gaue them to vnderstand that euery man that held or desired to hold any land in the Ileand, it was necessarie they should take pattents of it vnder the seale of the Prouince as holding it of you wch they were all very desireous of, so that some tyme this summer I promised to come to the Ileand and bring Mr Lewger wth me to suruay and lay out theire lands for them and then to pass grants vnto th? of it, reserueing onely such rents and seruices to you as the law of the Prouince should appoint there is vpon the Ileand about one hundred and twentie men able to beare armes as neer as I could gather of the women and children I can make no estimate, in conclusion appointing the command of the Ileand to three of them, vist: to Mr Robert Philpot as commaunder and Willi? Cox and Tho: All? ioynt commissioners wth him I departed for St Maries, where after my arriuall I called a grand inquest vpon Smith who fownd a bill against him for Pyracie, wherevpon he was arraigned before the assembly and by th? condemned to suffer death and forfeit, as by a particular act for that purpose assented vnto by the whole howse and sent vnto you, you will perceiue; I haue omitted as yet to call Mr Boteler to his tryall, because I am in hopes by shewing fauor vnto him to make him a good member, but I haue not as yet released him, though I haue taken him out of the sheriffes custody into my owne howse where I intend to haue him remayne vntill I haue made farther experience of his disposition and if I can win him to a good inclination to your Seruice, I shall thinck him fittest to take the commaund of the Ile of Kent; for those others wch haue now that charge from me are very vnable for it, nor is there better to be fownd vpon the Ileand, but least (Boteler demeaning himselfe otherwise then well) and that I should finde cause to thinck him fitter to be punished then 0191 187 pardoned there should want meanes to giue him condigne punishment for all his former offences; I desire you would send ouer an act the next yeare wth your assent thereto, to be proposed to an assembly in Maryland for theire assent censureing Boteler as Smith was for Pyracie wch he committed at the head of the bay neer Palmers Ileand in the yeare 1635 vpon a Pinnasse belonging to St Maries by takeing and a great quantitie of trucking commodities from Jhon Tomkins and serieant Robert Vaughan who had the charge of her and togeather wth the sd Pinnass and goodes carried the sd Tomkins and Vaughan prisoners to Kent. Smith hath solicited you I suppose by his letters for his pardon but I shall desire you that you would leaue it to me to do as I shall finde him to deserue; whereby (if it be possible he should be the better for it) it will take better effect wth him when he shall continue at my mercie vnder whose eye he is: Palmers Ileand beeing already seated and fortifyed and a good stock of cattle to the number of thirteen head put vpon it, I thought not good to supplant but vnderstanding there were fiue men inhabiting it seruants to Capt Cleyborne and formerly vnder the command of Smith I sent serieant Robert Vaugham and two others wth him from St Maries to set downe there and to the sd: Vaugham gaue the commaund of all the rest, and by reason Capt Cleyborne hath been attainted of ffelony in the last assembly at St Maries by particular act and sentenced to forfeit all his estate in the Prouince I gaue Vaugham authoritie to take the seruants and other goodes and chattles belonging to Cleyborne vpon the Ileand, into his charge and to haue them forth commeing when they shall be demaunded of him togeather wth what profitt shall be made by the serieants labors. I am informed that vpon occasion of discourse giuen before Sr Jhon Haruey Mr Kempe and Mr Hawley by 0192 188 Mr Boteler whether Palmers Ile were wthin the Prouince of Maryland or no Mr Hawley did so weackly defend your title to it that Boteler grew more confident of proceeding in planting it for his Brother Cleyborne and I haue some reason to thinck that Mr Hawley did willingly let your title fall for some designe sake of his owne vpon trade wth the Sasquahannoughs wch he might conceiue better hopes to advance by its depenice on Virginia then on Maryland. for when I sat in counsell at St Maries about the expedition I made to Kent to stop the proceedings of that designe of Boteler and Smiths planting it, he earnestly diswaded it by suggesting all the reasons he could to make your title doubtfull to it the Ileand and then how vnlawfull an act it would be to hinder theire planting it, and though it was made appeare that theire seating there was most dangerous to the Colony at St Maries by reason that they had incouraged the Indians to set vpon vs and might hereafter furnish them wth gunns to our further harme if we should suffer them to proceed, whereas otherwise Boteler and Smith beeing remoued we might hope to make a peace wth those Indians yet it seemed some designe he had upon theire setting downe there was so deare vnto him that he preferred it before the safetie of all vs and his owne family beeing included in the daunger, and would needs haue perswaded it to be in Virginia though the express words of your pattent limits the Prouince to the northward where New England ends but it is apparent that the Iland is wthin your Prouince for the line of fortie by Smiths map by wch the Lords Refferies lade out the bonds lyeth right ouer the first falls and this Ileand is fowre miles to the sowtherd below those falls as I can witnes for I was there the last summer and obserued it. I beleeue the faire promises wch he made you in England wh? you procured the prefermt he hath in Virginia 0193 189 how vsefull he would proue to your Colony by it, will neuer be performed by him for nothing moueth him but his owne ends and those he intendeth wholly to remoue from Maryland and place th? in Virginia, and intendeth shortly to remoue his wife and family thither, I am sorry it was your ill fortune to be a meanes of so much good to him who is to ingratefull for it, for he disclaimes that he euer sought your help or had any from you towards his prefermt for he thincketh you did not so much as know he pretended to the place he hath nor that you knew he had it vntill a long tyme after it was passed vnto him thus Capt Cornewallis telleth me hath heard him say, and he is of such greeuance vnto the Gouernor and Secretarie of Virginia that they promise to themselues nothing but ruine by his draweing all the perquisites of theire two places from them, and do therefore wonder that you would be the meanes of procureing such a place for him, they do both intend by theire letters to solicite your help for the remoueing him and it were well for both Colonies that he were, for he can not haue less power, then too much in that Colony wch (by impouerishing Sr Jhon Haruey and draweing from him and the secretarie the execution of all the cheife seruices wch the Kings proffitts and the peoples estates hath dependencie on he will bring vnto himselfe; so that Maryland wherein it shall haue occasion to vse Virginia is like shortly to seeck for it onely to him where there is nothing to be hoped for but what is vnseruiceable to his owne ends and nothing scapeth his designmt though it be neuer so much beyond his reach to compass.

The body of lawes you sent ouer by Mr Lewger I endeauored to haue had passed by the assembly at Maryland but could not effect it, there was so many things vnsuteable to the peoples good and no way conduceing to your proffitt 0194 190 that being they could not be exempted from others wch they willingly would haue passed they were desireous to suspend them all, the particular exceptions wch were made against them Mr Lewger hath giuen you an account of in his dispatches to you: others haue been passed in the same assembly and now sent vnto you wch I am perswaded will appear vnto you to prouide both for your honor and proffitt as much as those you sent vs did. the trade wth the Indians they wholly exempted themselves from and leaft it to you, onely Capt Cornewallis I haue promised should not want the most I could say vnto you to procure leaue for him that he might rent three twenty pownds shares in it yearely so long as he is a member of your Colony, wch I did as well to decline his hindrance of passing the whole to you, as also to giue him incouragement for the many seruices, he hath done you in the Colony, for though it hath been his fortune and myne to haue had some differences formerly yet in many things I haue had his faithfull assistance for your seruice and in nothing more then in the expedi??n to Kent this last winter.

I would not wish you (now it is in your hands to dispose of) to intrest too many sharers in it for that hath been hitherto the distruction both of the trade and the traders, for they neuer agreeing to trade ioyntly did by theire severall trade preuent on an others marcket and by ouer bidding the prise for beauer dayly spoyled the trade whereas if it had been in one hand, or in so many as would have ioyned, it might haue made some profit to the aduenturers but in the way it hath been hitherto they that haue vsed it hath reaped nothing but losse, wherefore if you shall thinck good to let me haue any share in it I desire you would not interest any other besides Capt Cornewalleis, for there is none else in Maryland that knoweth what belongeth to the trade 0195 191 and therefore are not like to ioyne in the waves wch are most expedient for the good of it. if you would let it out to vs two for two or three yeares, rent free, I am perswaded it would be brought to such a state by the way we should bring it in that it would be farre more profittable and certaine then euer it was for hereafter or if you thinck good to vse it all yourselfe and send ouer truck for it I shalbe ready to do you the best seruice I can but you must cause boates and hands to be procured of your owne here and not put yourselfe to hyer them for that will eat you out of all your profitt if not your principall and you must designe to place ffactories as soone as you can on shore in some conuenient places whereto the trade may be drawne for the way of boating it though the boates be a mans owne is very chargeable and vncertaine. I haue deliuered some Tobaccoes to Mr Lewger but whether it be sufficient or too much to ballance the accounts I am to passe I can not yet tell for I haue not had tyme since his commeing to make them vp it is not for any profitt to myselfe that I haue purposely delayed it, (as I hope you will do me so much right as to beleeue) but for want of Leisure from the publike seruices of the Colony and the necessarie loockeing after some meanes of my owne subsistance wch is so difficult to compass here as it requireth much tyme and labor. I meane this summer to pass all manner of accounts that are between you and me vnto Mr Lewger, for I haue disposed of all my other businesses so, as I may haue sufficient leisure to do it in. Mr Lewger is a very seruiceable and diligent man in his secretaries place in Maryland, and a very faithfull and able assistant to me the cedar you writt for by him I could not procure to send this yeare by reason there is very few to be fownd that are vse full tymber trees two I heard of farre vp in Patuxent riuer, and two others vpon popelyes 0196 192 Iland in the bay nere to Kent, and the fraight and other charges for the shipping them will be so deer that I made a question whether you would thinck fitt to vndergo it, it will stand in eight or tenne pownds a tunne fraight for England besides other charges of transporting it to shipping from where it is felled neither is there meanes in Maryland to transport it vnless it might be split into clapboard, and whether it will not be made vnseruiceable to yu by vseing it so, I can not tell because I do not know the vse you designe it for, by your next letters I pray informe me what you will haue done in it. the matts wch you wrot for amounts to such a charge to be bought from the Indians that I had not sufficient meanes to purchase it, it is not lesse then fortie pownds worth of truck out of England will buy 350 yards of matt besides the charge of seecking them in twentie seuerall indian towns, for vnless they be bespocken there is very few to be had but such as are not worth buyeing to giue a freind, and besides for the vse you intend them it is necessarie they should be all of one make otherwise they cannot flower a roome; and before I shall procure so many yards I must send all the Prouince ouer but if you desire to haue them and will prouide truck to buy them vpon farther notice from you I will be speack them, to haue them all in as few places as I can to auoid charge: I am sure my Brother Porttobacco now Emperor of Paskattaway, will assist me in it as much as he can for he is much your freind and seruant and hath expressed himselfe to me to be so and giueth yu many thancks after his Indian fashion for your guilt sent him by Mr Lewger he hath wthin this two yeares stept into the Empire of the Indians by killing his eldest brother, the old Emperor, and enioyeth [it] yet wth peace through the good correspondencie he keepeth wth me wch aweth his Indians from offereing any harme vnto 0197 193 him. I had procured a red bird and kept it a good while to haste sent it to you but I had the ill fortune to loose it by the negligence of my seruant who carelesly let it out of the cage; The beauer wch I sent to you the last yeares belongeth vnto the account of the stock Capt Humber brought ouer.

The Lyon I had for you is dead, if I can get an other I will and send it you. I haue had no leisure all this last winter to Virginia to procure an ace to be made by the generall assembly then held there for the secureing of your right in the trade wthin your precincts, and thought it to no purpose to recommend it to Mr Hawleys care after I had vnderstood so much of him concerning Palmers Ileand against there next assembly wch will be at the returne of shipping next yeare I will prouide a bill drawne as effectuall for that purpose as I can and endeauor what I may to get it passed.

I haue sent you herewth a letter from Mr Robert Philpot of Kent who hath at this present the commaund of the Ileand) to his ffather the keeper of hygh parcke, I pray cause it to be deliuered vnto him and finde some occasion to commend his sonne vnto him for his faire carriage here, as he doth deserue for he came in at the first claime I made of the Ileanders submission to your Pattent, and incourage his ffather I pray what you can to supply him this yeare, for that I vnderstand is the intent of his letter to him; I haue writ vnto you concerneing the deer you sent for in an other letter by it selfe sent herewth as you appointed me. Thus wth best loue and seruice to my sister Baltimore and my other two sisters and my Brother Peasely I rest Your most affectionate loueing Brother Leonard Caluert ffrom Virginia this 25th of Aprill 1638. 25

0198 194

Capt Wintor remembreth his seruice to you, I left him well in Maryland.

No. 10. SECRETARY JOHN LEWGER TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

5 January 1638–9 Mr Lewger to me from St Maries.

My good Lord

I rec. yor Lopps of the 30th July: and the 2d of August, and another since by mr Poulton of the 30th July. To answere to the first. I have acquainted mr Poulton wth what yor Lopp writes touching some instruc??ns & directions to be sent out of England for the future comportmt of their part to yor Lopps right & the govermt there, but he made strange at most of them, as if he had received no instruc??ns touching any of the pticulars, & desired a note of what was written concerning them that they might conforme themselves to it in all points so far as in conscience they might, neither would he beleeve that mr more or any other should give that resolution, that a Catholique magistrate may in discretion proceed here, as well affected magistrates in the like cases doe in England. I should have beene glad to have had resolution touching those cases I sent over, thoughe without any ones hand to it, because it would much have directed me in divers occurrences & difficulties wch we meete with here. ffor the pnt, we have no differences at all, & I hope we shall have no more, where either part can avoid them; and for the errors past ( wch yor Lopps 0199 195 speakes of) on the Governors part and mine, if we knew what or which they were, we should be ready to amend them, & should be glad of the proffer on their part of forgiving & forgetting of them: but we are yet confident we have committed none that we can condemne for errors either in point of irreverence or disrespect to their persons, or in violation of their liberties, as the pnt condition of the state there is. And for my owne part. I professe before Almighty God, that I am not conscious of any thing yet done out of disrespect to their persons, functions, or rightfull liberties; & that hereafter they shall find me as ready to serve and honour them as yor Lop can wish. I sent inclosed in yor Lopps packett a l?? to Mr Price, but I heare no answere at all of it, nor any thing whereby to guesse that he hath received it. Let me be so much beholding to yor Lopp as to lett him know how much I desire from him an answere of my letter; and that the onely cause of my not writing to him this yeare is want of matter to write of, he is one whom I shall ever acknowledge myselfe infinitely obliged to, and I beseech God reward him for all his charity to me & mine. ffor the wreck, the boate is laid vp at mattapanient; not worth the repairing; the beaver & peake is deliverd to the Governr as pquisites of his office of Admirall. I acquainted the Governr wth what yor Lop . wrote touching the 6l 10s demanded by mr Greene; but he saith wisemans adventure was never parted from the stock, but the proceeds of it was sent vp to yor Lop wth the rest, & that he had special order from yor Lop at the Cowes not to deliver to wiseman his part, So that it seems yor Lopp is accomptable to wisemans assignes for it, & therefore I desire to have some order from yor Lop in it, because the next winter if it be not satisfied, mr Greene will putt his complaint into the Court & without doubt will recover it; & I would rather have it satisfied without compul- 0200 196 sion. ffor the acquittances, the Governr saith he did take acquittances from wintour and Gerard and others that had their shares delivered them, and he sent them by the Dove, where they miscarried.

ffor mrs Eure's stock I have received the whole accompt from the Governr whereby there is charged vpon yor Lopp 2360l of tobacco; and vpon himselfe 2636l wch I have received of him vpon accompt; wch is in the whole, 5000 weight of tobacco, within 4l the Accompt it selfe as I remember I have already sent to yor Lop by my last dispatche. now for the disposall of this 5000 wt I am yet vncertaine what to doe wth it. Kine is a very slow profitt & when yor Lopps stock of cattell is come vpon the place, wilbe somewhat hazardous, in regard the place wilbe over stockt; except they be committed to some body in a plantation far from the towne, who will have care of providing them wth winter fodder; & I doe not yet know any couple (for the dairy will require a woman) to whom to committ such a charge. ffor the present I doe resolve the speediest way of employing it to the greatest profitt, wilbe by a stock of swine, wch may be kept some 6. mile hence at the head of St Georges river where all the cheife marshes bee in wch the swine delight; & here I intend to settle a plantation of mine owne this spring, who shall plant corne for the swine, and shall build sties and necessary penns for them, & shall lead them out to their places of feeding; & mrs Eures stock shall buy the swine, & I will keepe them for one halfe of the increase at the vsuall rate of these countries is, And if this proiect succeed, it will yeeld a very considerable revenew to her after the first yeare. To this purpose, I doe now send one of my men wth the Governr to virginea to lay out for 30. or 40. breeding sowes if they may be had; & assoone as I hear from him againe, I will in hand 0201 197 wth my plantation, & the building of sties to bring them into. If this designe meete with any difficulties I will send up mrs Eure her tobaccos into England, to returne commodities hether againe for them, if she please to employ it hether againe, for except this of the swine, I doe not know of any way to turne it to better profitt, then to drive a trade of commodities with it, wch maketh yearely returne, to good profitt, without much hazard.

The tobacco wch is due to this stock from yor Lopp I shall now pay out of mr Hawlies debt without lessning yor stock of cattell wch I have yet beene carefull to preserve. ffor the kine sent to the Governr by Sr John Harvy, I have not taken any accompt of them, because no charge, ffor those sent from Palmers Iland, they are yet whole but one steere, wch the Governr desired to have for his provisions to Kent; & the accompt of that & of whatsoever els I have received of yor Lopps , I intend to send by the Captaine. ffor the accompts betweene yor Lop and the Governr he will (he saith) satisfie yor Lop by this dispatch; as likewise he will send an acknowledgmt for the 100l for him last, wch he saith yor Lop never writt to him of afore now. ffor the Lawes I have litle yet to say to them, (more then what I have said in my diarie) till the Assembly be over; wch is appointed to begin on 12th ffebr. next. mr Smith hath sent me over a venture of 100l but the greatest part of it in liquors, wch I had rather had beene in any thing els, and if Sr John Simonds adventure be in liquors, I desire it not, because it will vndoe the colony. But in other commodities (such as I have sent to mr Smith for) I wilbe willing and shalbe able (I hope) to returne to the Adventuror twenty vpon the hundred profitt; but more I will not vndertake for. The trade of beaver is wholly now in the Governrs and the Captaines hands, without any rivall; and 0202 198 they are ioined partners in the driving of it. The deere yor Lop writes for, I am able to doe nothing in it as yet; & to promise more then I know how to pforme, wilbe litle satisfaction to yor Lop I will lay out this next spring for as many fawnes as I can, & if I gett any, I will bestow the breeding of them agt shipping goes away the next yeare. The Governors pinnace is now gone to Kent to be putt vpon the stocks, and by that time she is trimmed the Governr intends to be back againe, and to bring away in her the cattell; as first as he can. And when they come hether I intend to putt them on the other side where Capt. ffleete planted for this side wilbe over-stockt with them; & starve them all in the winter. ffor the Cedar desired, I know none here worth sending, as I told yor Lop. by my last. ffor the birds, I haue no cage to putt them in when they be taken, nor none about me dextrous in the taking of them, nor feeding of them, & I have my selfe so litle leisure to look after such things, that I can promise litle concerning them. and for the arrowes the Governr will take care, who hath all the commerce wth them, & for my part I scarce see an Indian or an arrow in halfe a yeare neither when I doe see them have I language enoughe to aske an arrow of them. ffor the clerk wch I wrote for, I am now provided wth one whom I intend to bring vp vnder me, & instruct him in the art of surveying. ffor the merchants pipe-staves, wind-mill &c I have given yor Lop some accompt in my diarie. the wind-mill & housing & garden will fall to the Governr by a composition wch I made with him afore his going to Kent, that he should defray all the charges of the expedition, & for his hazard & charge should have all the perquisites of the warre, except the cattell onely; and the pipe-staves, wch he was to have at 40s a thousand: and I thinke what he hath, he well deserved; considering the great hazards and 0203 199 vncertainties vpon wch he ventured at that time; & the great charge wch he was att. The pipe-staves the Governr intends to deale wth mr Stagge now at his coming to virginea, to take them off & to Give me bills of exchange for 40s p thousand what he getts for them above, wilbe to his owne profitt.

ffor answere to the second l??.

Your Lopps stock of cattell willbe so sufficient here by that time they are all brought from Kent that I thinke it wilbe a needlesse charge to lay out money for more in virginea. I think these wilbe as many as can bee well looked to and provided for in the winter as yett, ffor swine we need not much care thoughe virginea be shutt vp to vs hereafter, for or owne colony or Kent will provide yor Lopp of enow to begin a stock withall at any time; & when I have resolved whom to employ on Captaine ffleets side for the looking to your dairy, I shall then take some course for the stocking of that ferme with such swine too, as shalbe fitting to begin with all. And for poultry I can at this present out of my owne stock furnish yor Lopp wth 50 or 60. breeding henns at any time. ffor negros I heare of none come in this yeare. I have desired the Governr to be very earnest wth mr Kempe to spare yor Lopp out of his flock halfe a hundred ewes this yeare; & if it may be obteined from him, I will pay him out of mr Hawlies money, and next to sheepe, I thinke mony wilbe best bestowed on a stock of goates. I spake wth Mr Coply about mr dorrells goods, & he saith that mr more hath written nothing to them concerning the allowing of mr fforsters debt. and it is fitt if he desire to recover it that he send a l?? of Attorney to sue it for him, or procure a l?? from mr more that they should pay it. there is no will of mr Dorrells yet proved, nor admra?? taken out; nor Inventary made of the goods; some of them are yet remaining in my hands wch I 0204 200 wilbe accomptable for, when any one shewes a lawfull interest to demand them by, wch yet I know of none. ffor the order wch your Lop saith is taken that they of the bill shall have some temporall person, &c it were indeed a very good course for the avoiding of present difficulties; but mr Poulton (whom I acquainted wth it) doth not know of any such order taken as yet. The Vngula Alcis wch yor Lop writes for, cannot be had till the summer and then the Governr saith when he goeth to the Sesquisanongs he will endeavour to procure some. ffor the tenths I gave yor Lopp of a generall Accompt of that matter in my last; by wch yor Lop will find that I have gathred no tenths of any of the rest, & they will thinke themselves very hardly dealt withall to have it exacted of them onely; and besides I am very confident that their gaines of the trade the last yeare will not allow any paymt out of it; neither vpon the whole trade wch they have entred in my booke will the tenth amount to any considerable matter; so that wth your Lopps leave I intend to forbeare the exacting of it, till further order from yor Lop especially so long as they comply (as they doe begin) wth yor Lops service here. ffor the housing wch yor Lop directs to be sett vpp, I intend to sett it in hand with all speed, on Captaine ffleets side; wch yor Lop shall doe well to deale wth the Captaine at his coming into England to exchange it wth yor Lop for mr Hawlies house &c if your Lop can compound wth mr Hawlies heire for the escheate, if you can hinder the Captaine from obteining that house by any other meanes then yor Lops grant, he will exchange Capt: ffleets marmor, and all the mannors in the country rather then let St Peters goe (so they call mr Hawlies hour) to wch he is so much affected for the Saints sake that once inhabited it. I have remembered the Governr to give yor Lop some information in his next touching the country beyond the falls of 0205 201 Patowmeck; and he hath promised to doe it, and hath putt it vpon his memorandmus.

ffor the bounds betweene vs & virginea the Governr hath already laboured it in virginea, & he hath promised to give yr Lop an accompt of it by the next likewise.

ffor answere to the third; the Governr hath vndertaken to give yr Lop satisfaction by sending vp the whole accompt: by wch (as I gather) nothing wilbe coming for mr medcalfe to dispose of to mr Copley.

Litle els I can think of at this time, my humble service to my Lady, mrs Eure, mr Peaselie, and mrs Peaselie; my prayers to Almighty God for his blessing on our yong Prince and mrs Anne; & he multiplie so much happines on your Lopps head as is wished by

Yor Lops most obliged servant John Lewger

St maries this 5th January 1638.

No. 11. FATHER ANDREW WHITE TO LORD BALTIMORE.

[Superscription.]

20. February 1638. Mr Andrew alias Tho: White to the Lo: Baltemore from Maryland.

R. Honble Sir

Hauing ended in a former my tedious apologie for my reputation, I reflected tht I had troubled yr Lp and my selfe to much and yett had filled the measure of yr Lps expectation nor of my liege duety in signifieng such occurrences and mysteries 26 0206 202 of the reale publique wch some solitarie howers in studie of yr Lps happines haue recounted vnto mee. As concerning our present estate euery day bettering itt selfe by encrease of Planters and plantations and large cropps this yeare of Corne and Tobacco the seruants time now expiring: I am well assured tht is the subiects of many better pens: therefore I will spare supfluous repetition. This yeare indeed hath prooued sick and epidemicall and hath taken away 16 of our Colony rather by disorder of eating flesh and drinking hott waters and wine by aduice of our Chirurgian rather by any great malice of their feuers for they who kept our diett and absteinence generally recouered. Really my Lord I take the cause of the sickness to bee the ouergoodnesse of land wch maketh the viands to substantiall that if duely regulation be not vsed the tyme of summer when the heate of stomakes is comonly weakest eyther they lye vndisgested and to breed agues or are thoroughly disgested and so breed great quantities of blood and vitall spiritts wch taking fyer eyther from the heat of the season our buildings beeing farre unfitt for such a climate or from some violent exercise begett feuers troublesome enough where wee want physick, yet not dangerous at all if people wilbee ruled in their diett, wch is hard for the uulgar wries wee had an hospitall heere to care them and keepe them to rule perforce wch some worthy persons of this place doe think upon. I had my share thereof beeing twice giuen ouer; but yett left heere for a while to amend and to serue yr Lp and this Colony better then before. The reliques thereof I carry still about mee not in weakeness of body wch I neuer had less; butt in a decay of my hearing when people speake low and I feare in tyme I may loose alltogether: yett as itt is now itt is a hindrance as well in an office I haue as yr Lp knowes as allso in lerning the Indian language wch hath many darke gutturalls, and drowneth often the last syllable or 0207 203 letteth it so soffely fall as itt is euen bv a good care harde to bee vnderstood. I am tould of one in London who is excellent for such cures: and therefore I write to our Great man there for leaue to returne for one yeare for helpe: who knowes whether itt may prooue to wayte upon yr Lp hither the yeare following, ffor wch cause I shall humbly entreat yr Lp to obteyne of the said party one couple more to come wth the next Shipps to Mr Englebey who liueth in Suffolk and Mr Benett in Dorcettshyer who both doe infinitely desyre to serue God and yr Lp uppon this place and haue signified their desyres to mee by letter. Their coming will relieue mee from the duety I stand heere; for one yeare: and art my returne I trust to bring more with mee, who will not come alone. This wilbee to uery good purpose, as well humbly to represent sundry things vnto yr Lp wch I dare not committ to letters wch are no better then blabs: as allso to assist a solitude wch since my Cosen Coplays departure thence I conceaue the affaires of our Colonye are in; and haue not many who take them actingly to harte and euen freynds heare our successes as men doe musick for their owne curiosity: not for our good. And indeede my Lord neyther could my Cosen or any body else tyed to other employments and fixed in the firmament of one place sufficiently doe the busines wee desyre for itt requires a whole man and more; who will take itt to harte making iourney to and fro throughout Engld to bring in aduenturers and putt a new heate and Spiritt of action therein: for I haue marked that halfe endeauours and want of energye begett delay and delay workes often dishonour and dispayer. I wish I might haue Mr Altam with mee thither for one who is a true zelante of the good of this place, uery actiue, and stirring and hath many noble freyndes and allies who haue sent him since our coming large signes of their Lone: who wilbee able to giue 0208 204 his disculpa to yr Lp and cleere his innocency, I hope and returne to hclpe the Colonye againe.

Now my Lord in the interim heere is Captayne George Euelin who wisheth much happines to yr Lp and the place. Hee sheweth us a draught of our Prouince deuided into Countres, Baronies, Lordships, etts. Hee speaketh of Citties and townes; of iudicatures, iudges, armes, Captaynies, etts. wch hee tells us yr Lp much approoued, and thereon certayne Gentlemen ioyned to come to us wth 500 men: butt entring treaty about the trade of beuer they broake of againe. I see this frame doth not much displease butt itt is thought rather too timely then vnfitt for neyther haue the Indians deserted the land and left itt to our diuision nor our paucity of men as yett fbr itt. The greatness of the lordshippes not vnder 5000 akers and reaching to 9000 is thought by eury body too much. and would bee better from 2000 to 4000 for so, as wee stand att the present wee shall sett closer and make more roome for new aduenturers; and haue more markett townes and some uery soone. There was allso proposed a consideration of yr Lps infinite charge about this prouince both abroad and att hoame and meanes treated how some profitts might bee raysed for the mayntenance of yr Lps person after that decent manner as princes are by right of nations mainteyned in splendor according to their place. Truely my Lord the proposition was well liked and I heard no body so forward in itt as Captayne Cornewallyes. Only hee desyred tht for satisfaction of all and for the legality of the way tht itt might bee treated in parlament and the pouerty and paucity of the Planters for the present bee duely allso considered, and yet some what presentely acted therein: and many wayes wilbee found out. I doubt not, where loyall loue seeketh the way, yr Lp is much beloued, and honoured of all. And so to remaine I humbly 0209 205 yr Lp not easily to lend both cares to any information for emulation wilbee, and this will ouersay. I could wish yr Lp a graue vnptiall freynd to write you the truth. Vis scire cuius rei inopia laborant magna fastigia: qued omnia possidentibus desit. Qui verum dicat. So seneca and an other found none to tell Alexander truth, but his horse; who once casting him made him know bee was not Juppiters sonne when his flatterers chaunted itt to him. Why I say thus: yr Lp shall vnderstand if wee euer meete. In the interim bee itt a riddle: and I returne to the poynt againe. Concerning therefore yr Lps profitts I beleeue ueryly one in twenty of all menage and trade, for 7 yeares will easily bee graunted bv our present pouerty and paucity: and when our number groweth greater and richer; then I thinke tht wch Capt. Euelin proposeth to witt. 1. in 100 for euer little enough and too little too. If all weare of mv mind I should say to yr Lp as yr Lps father of glorious memorie said to mec in a lr' from newfound Land tht I would deuide euen euery and the uery last bitt wth yr Lp Therefore my Lord to act in the discipline of affayer. the mayster-poynt is to know where to begin. And truely wth dew reuerence to yr better and grauer iudgt wee must vse all meanes to full people the country for so small matters from many will grow paramount in the whole. Men must bee brought by the acting diligence of such persons in England who as eyewittnesses can; and, as faythfull seruants to yr Lp and this Colony for Gods glory, will, employ themselues wholy about itt visiting all the shyres of the Land and worke sollicitously by themselues, their freynds, and their allies: wth such a spirit of feruour and paynes: as if God required no other thing in this world att their hands but this. To wch if itt bee added: tht euery planter for euery 2000 lb. of Tob. they gather and cure shall putt one man upon the place to serue 0210 206 them and for euery 5000 shall putt two men: wee shall soone grow uppe. I suppose all would bee glad to bee so bound for certayne yeares. To this I shall humbly represent this calculation to yr Lp for certayne and indubitable out of our common experience: tht if yr Lp laying out 300th for transporting of 45 men att 6th the man, will adde butt one hundred more for the first yeares prouision and putt them vnder a carefull ouerseer you may binde him to glue you 1000th of Tob. viritim, and 7 barrells of Corne entersett wth pease beanes and mazump wth obligation allso to breed you 200 head of poultry and turkeys wch (excepting this last) was my aggreement wth my ouerseer this last yeare and God bee thanked hee pformed itt well and wth ease. I gaue him for his paynes one mans worke of the gang and his owne and all surplusage aboue 1000 a head and about 7 brls item a head: and I thinke hee gained nigh 100?? sterl. by the bargaine and itt so pleased my Cosen Copley, as hee contineweth the same one yeare more. Now my Ld by this meanes you will receaue the first yeare 45000?? besides Corne, to vittuall yr men for the yeare following att 3 brls the head, and to buy cloathes for them wth the other 4 brls. wch 45000???. in Tob. is more then a thousand?? sterl. wch beeing turned to buy more men for the 2d yeare will putt you att 61 transptation 177 men wch ioyned wth the former make 222 men whose worke the 2d yeare pduceth you 222000??? Tob. id est, 5550?? sterl. wch some employed for men att the end of the 2d yeare for the third yeares planting makes together wth the former 1143 men wch yeld you the same third yeares end 1143000?? of Tob. wch will bee able to buy and freight many a shippe. To make this solid itt wilbee necessary to haue each head the 2 and 3 yeare to plante 10 barrells of wheate, tht is, three akers a man as some vse heere: tht yr Lp may bee att no charge for diett or apparell and after 0211 207 they haue ended their these men beeing sett on Copies may for euer by their chieferent maynteyne yr Lps house and vses with corne etts. Secondly as in ffrance Spaine and Italie, the Soueraignes doe appropriate the sayle of certayne things for themselues: So I conceaue yr Lp may for a tyme monopolize certayne trades as bringing in a brikeman to serue you for yeares and oblieging all to take so many bricks of him as will sett upp so many foote of building more or less according to the degree of person: in contemplation that such houses are cheaper upon the reckoning: necessary for health against heate and coald in this country: and fitter for defense of mens liues against the infidels. And for this a conuenient price may be sett on the thousand; no man pmitted to make bricks but one; vnless hee bee a seruant and makes for his maysters vse alone. The like I say off Carpenters Hatters, Sawers, Coopers, Smiths, etc. Thirdly, though for the present I should not aduise to deale any more wth hiring of Shipps wch is a busines of great entangle till three yeares of yr forsaid plantation bee ended tht you may bee able to haue two or three fayer shipps of yr owne bought by yr mens labours and seamen in them hyred for yeares wth boyes growing upp for the sea vnder them wth one Pilot and his mate wth any Mayster or Captayne but yr substitute wth a steward of yr wth out any purser: Then my Lord the sea will bring in pfitt butt otherwise I neuer heard any way sufficiently warrented to gett by shipp hyre no not though a hyring a shippe I should lett itt to a mayster reseruing transportation of some men and goods gratis wth out any charge of vittualing hir for if shee should eyther miscarry by the maysters faulte wch I putt in hir: or the mayster not able to pay or the like; all would recambye upon mee. Only Seamen themselves are to deale in shipp hyer; as I think Saluo meliori iudicio. But when yr Lp hath ships of yr owne then 0212 208 may yr Lordshp send Tobacchoes to such places where they uent best and bring in all manner of comodityes sett uppe magazines in this Colony att reasonable prices and yett make thereby a uery great gayne: as the Duke of florence doth out of his Innes. ffourthly itt would be uery expedient to trie what wine this land will yeld: I haue a strong prsumption that itt will proue well for this autumne I have drank wine made of the wilde grapes not inferiour in its age to any wine of Spaigne. Itt had much of muscadine grape but was a dark redd inclining to browne. I haue not seene as yett any white grape excepting the foxgrape wch hath some stayne of white but of the red grape I haue scene much diuersity: some less some greater, some stayne, some doe not, some are aromaticall; some not. Now if yr Lp would cause some to plante vineyards why may not yr Lp monopolize the wine for some yeares: to yr Lps great pfitt especially if all sortes of vines be gotten out of Spaine and ffrance. True itt is you must haue patience for two or three yeares before the yeld wine but afterward itt is a Constant comoditye and tht a uery great one too. ffifthly yr Lp may please to choose some large Iland for a breede of Swine vnder a carefull swineyard who may allso looke to a heard of goates and yong calfes from milke all wch bought when they bee uery little for no great matter will in few yeares grow upp into great flocks wthout any farther cost art all: whence you may draw for your Darys and yr table abundantly. A sixth thing offred ittselfe vnto mee much more beneficiall then all this aforesayd: wch I will not committe to writing: but will reserue itt to a meeting.

Now my noble Ld as concerning the trade of beauer; whatsoeuer I can say, after so wise and graue personages who haue fully considerd itt, will bee of little importance, yett if your Lp pleaseth that I lay my opinion together with myselfe att 0213 209 yr Lps feete: and humbly vnder correction reprsent in secrett to yr selfe alone what I thinke concerning the last concordate of fiue years. If I vnderstand not amisse the sharers are to pay the tenth of their cloath and the tenth of theyre beauer for flue yeares and then to haue no more right in trade. As concerning the former I feare itt will haue no other effect then to hinder both yr Lp and all the first aduenturers from trading att all yr Lp by couenant; the aduenturers, by impossibility of sauing there owne, wch yr Lp will euidently see by this paper of calculation in wch euery parte is our comon experience. As concerning the 2d I heare men say: that if the right of truck bee taken from them first, by this couert and after ward by open meanes, they can haue no assurance for the lands you giue them: seeing in the declaration and conditions of plantation both share in trade and the land runnes in one and the selfe same tenor and would bee esteemed so if itt weare brought to any hearing. I remember when yr Lp corrected the written Copie wch I made, I gave yr Lp an occasion vppon the graunt of trade to reflecte whether itt weare not fitt to limitt the graunt for tearme of life and notwthstanding this suggestion yr Lp would haue itt goe absolute as the graunt of land: and now my Lord this beeing only the specially reward of the first Aduenturers, who exposed their liues and fortunes and banished themselues from their freynds, allies, and Country to serue yr Lp in this plantation: doe not blame them my Ld if they feele itt and stand for their supposed right on wch their maintenance doth much depend. vntill they shall vnderstand how they can loose that; and may not heereafter haue their land taken from them too. the forme of graunt for each beeing all one. And as for the concordate signed by so many who vnderstand little of truck and trade, excepting relinquishers; who care little how itt wayeth: that seemeth to suppose a common stock wch hath 27 0214 210 ben none since the bad successe of the two former in wch euery body was losers wch makes euery body protest against itt as an engine and mystery to vndoe yr Lp and them from whence itt followeth tht howbeitt all Aduenturers in Engld subscribe yett heere beeing no guilde nor body of traders, as they say, to carry their right by most uoices: though all butt one should forgoe theeir right; yett may that one retayne his. Truely my Ld this doth much trouble the thoughts of our Colony who takes this to bee a stepp to take also their land from them, in tyme vnles they defend this. Good my Ld I humbly beseech you for reuerence to God and yr loue to this xpian Colony of his and yrs rather ask this right by way of honour of them for some yeares then presse itt from against their will, wch can not bee wth out losse of their loue at least though no farther inconuenience should follow. Itt is here rather not vnderstood then doubted how such a right bought by a deere aduenture of life and fortunes and giuen as the honorary and distinctiue signe of the first noble vndertakers for yr Lps Prouince can by any man bee taken from them. Bee the right as itt will: whereof I am no iudge, and may not speake till yr Lp giues mee leaue and I am asked: I beleeue the former way as itt was att first wch begett more profitt for yr Lp for the trade lyeth farre and wide out of our Colony and much in new Albion then heere: and easie itt will be for yr Lps subiects to absent themselues from hoame to trade there or att many places besides: from whence will follow that the trade wilbee diuerted from us and a markett sett upp in some neighbouring land: as Capt. ffleetes and Roberts proiect was: and still is as I feare to a uery bad example and diminution of ours. Much better (with humble awe and reuerence bee itt spoken) would itt prooue for yr Lp to haue 3 factoridges in the best places, tht is one man in each wth sufficient truck: the one 0215 211 at Palmers Ile for the trade of the Sasquesahanoes the other att Nantakoke for all the Easterne foreland and the third at Anacostans for the Mattomecks: and att the end of May our boate may goe and fetch the beuer wth uery small charge, and thus much I signified to yr Lp by the doue and to leaue itt to yr Lps greater wisdome & consideration. And by this tyme I haue wearied yr Lp I am sure: and am much ashamed at my tedious manner of expression. A pardon therefore is to bee asked: wch in honour I hope you will glue to this great Partiall and humble seruant of yr Lps who dayly prayeth for yr Lps happines and the good of yr Prouince

Yr Lps euer all all Tho. White 20. feb.

No. 12. CECILIUS, LORD BALTIMORE, TO GOVERNOR LEONARD CALVERT.

[Indorsement.]

21th & 23th of Nouemb: 1642 Copie of the Lord Baltemore L?? to Mr Leonard Caluert.

Good Brother

By Mr Ingles Shipp wch is now in the Downes I sent a large dispatch to you as you will find by a note inclosed. I forgott in my former letters to glue you thankes wch I now doe, for yor kindness shewen to Jo: Langford, wch , by his letters to me, he sayes hath been very much: I take it very kindly from you, and I pray continue it; for he will deserue it I make no doubt from you, and I shall requite it in due 0216 212 time to you: the like I must and do say concerning Mr Robert Euelin, who deserues to be well esteemed by me; and I find by his letters, that you receiue contentment in one another, of wch I am very gladd. In my dispatch by Mr Ingles Shipp wherein one Mr Gilmett comes reco??ended from me to you: I desired you to take care for his soiourning some where there to his contentment, wch I desire may be wth yor selfe for many reasons, but I forgott to mention his Boy that wayted vpon him wch must also soiourne wth him for he cannot be decently wth out such an attendance; wherefore I pray take order for him they haue all necessaries of Bedding &c: prouided and sent wth them, and I writt then to you to take care also for the sojourning of Mr Will Territt who comes herewth to you being a Companion of Mr Gilmetts both whom I reco?end in those l??s and do now againe very hartily reco?end them to yor care: for they are both Ile assure you men of high esteeme heere; and worthy to be cherished and valued by you, in wch you shall extreamely much oblige me. Take care therefore also I pray to acco?odate the said Mr Territt wth a convenient place to sojourne in there: and I shall, as I formerly wrote, pay the charge of it, when I know what it is if it can not be done otherwise; wch I hope by your endeavours it may, and I shall take it very kindly from you: howsoeuer you will I hope husband my expence herein the best you can, and I shall pay what is necessary for the sojourning of the aforesaid persons by Bill of exchange hither. The Shipp wherein this letter comes, is sett out by one Mr Douty a very honest and free-hearted Gentleman, the Master is called Edward More and one of his Mates Tho: Tilson whom you know, as I wrote in some of my other l??s. but I am desired by this againe to reco?end this Shipp to yor care for the getting all the freight you can for her there, 0217 213 whereby Mr Douty may be encouraged to adventure thither againe in that way: for he is like to be much a looser Outward bound: and for to gaine yor good will and furtherance, Mr Douty tells me that he meanes by this Shipp to send you a Teirce of good sack. I pray hasten the designe you wrote vnto me of this yeare, of bringing all the Indians of that province to surrender their interest and right to me, for I vnderstood lately from a member of that Body politique, whom you call those of the Hill there that Mr White had a great deale of Land giuen him at Pascattoway not long since by Kittamaquund, before his death wch he told me by accident, not conceiuing that that place was wthin my Province, or that I had any thing to doe wth it, for so he sayd that he had been informed and I had some difficulty to satisfy him that it was wthin my Province, By this you may daily perceiue what waves these men goe, and of what dangerous consequence their proceedings are to me. I pray do not forgett also to prosecute effectually the busines of the tribute from the Indians and the discouery of the redd earth, and to send me the quantity I desired of it wth speed. Me thinkes the Indians who are christened, if their conversion be reall, might be brought to assist in their labours, and contributions of Beauer, peake &c. for the building of the New Chappell: endeavour I pray what you can to effect this.

The Colony of Virginea hath this yeare by their petitions hither, desired seuerall things of the King, wch moue but slowly heere for their new Agent Sr John Berkeley, is no very good Soliciter, and regards litle but his owne subsistence, in wch he finds imployment enough for his thoughts; his fortune being very necessitous. I beleeue that I could stand them in some steed heere in their busines, if they would deserue it of me: but it seemes I haue been soe disobliged this yeare by 0218 214 them; that I haue little reason to trouble myselfe in their behalf. I haue deserued better of them, for they had long since I dare say been reduced vnder that Company ( wch it seemes by their late protestation they so much abhor to come vnder, had it not been for me. You may tell Mr Kemp by letter from you, or otherwise, that if a Declaration may be obtained from the generall Assembly in Virginea this next yeare, wch may import a settlement of friendship between me & that Colony and an allowance & approbation of my Pattent, and a Disclaime from all petitions deliuered here agt me and my Colony, in their names: and a condemnation of Cleybornes proceedings in the Ile of Kent and elsewhere towards me, and that I and my Colony may haue free trade for, and leaue to transport anything we buy in Virginea, without exception; and that they will make a league offensiue & defensiue wth me in such a way as you shall see cause: then I shall be willing to imploy my best endeauours in their affaires here, and I am confident I could find a way to effect those things they desire aboue mentioned to their contentment: but vnless all those things aforesaid concerning me be first clone by them: I will not trouble myself wth them. Soe expecting to heare from you concerning this business wherein I would not haue you negligent, I rest,

Yor most affectionate loving Brother

London Brother 21 Nou. 1642.

My wife sent an Adventure by Mr Robert Euelin the last yeare, to be putt off in Virginea for her, at the best aduantage he could, of which he hath by his letters this yeare faithfully promised to send the next yeare to her, a good returne, and a iust account thereof. I haue giuen my Wife satisfaction for 0219 215 the said aduenture; and I do bestow the one halfe of it vpon you, and the other half vpon the said Mr Euelin to make yor best benefits of it, without any farther account to me or my wife for it; and I haue herein enclosed sent you a Note of the pticulars of that aduenture vnder Mr Ro. Euelins hand wth the prices wch they cost in England; wch I suppose wilbe doubled there, to the end you may know how to demand yor halfe from Mr Euelin, and being satisfied therein, to deliuer him the said Note againe.

I pray take order that in the next yeares account of my neate cattle there, those wch you haue of mine and also those wch are in Kent, together wth the increase of both those parts of my stocke; be truly inserted in the said account, for in Mr Lewgers last yeares account, they were both omitted, and I pray send Mr Kemp word that I do not like his way of paymt of the 100?? wch by his own agreemt he acknowledgeth receiued from me, and for wch he was to deliuer me Sheep &c. whither I could haue liberty to transport them or no into Maryland of wch there was no mention in the said agreemt as may appeare by the copy thereof wch Mr Lewger hath, therefore vrge him to deale fairer wth me then so, by letting me haue so many sheep as that money comes vnto, to be sold by yor direction for me in Virginea, and turned into Neat-cattle or els that Mr Kemp will pay me in Neat-cattle to be transported into Maryland, for I will not accept of the other paymt and I pray do you endeauour my satisfaction herein wth expedition, and giue me an account thereof.

I wonder why you gaue such kind entertainment as I understand you did to certaine Dutch, who came it seemes to St Maries the last yeare being some of those who are planted in Delaware bay wth in my prouince. I understand that diuers 0220 216 poore Planters are much preiudic'd by the Indians killing their hogges, and that the Indians vpon pretence of their being made Christians are conniued at, by the gouernmt there, in this iniury done by them to the planters, to the vndoing of diuers of them, who vpon complaint made, can haue no remedy against the said Indians nor are pmitted to right themselues. I pray if this be true, do not faile to see it timely redressed. I pray haue a speciall care of my ordnance there & send me a pticulr note of them the next yeare & an information in what condition they are. I did expect by yor l??s this yeare to haue had yor opinion concrning a pposition of setting vp an Iron Work in those pts according to my desire to you last yeare, a copy of wch pposition I then sent you but you do vsually omitt to giue me satisfaction in diurs things, wch I write vnto you about, wherein you do not well: and I haue told you often of.

Good Brother

Iust now I vnderstand that notwthstanding my prohibition to the contrarie another member of those of the Hill there, hath by a slight gott aboard Mr Ingle's shipp in the Downes to take his passage for Maryland wch for diuers respects I haue reason to ressent as a high affront vnto mee wherein if you doe not that right vnto mee as I require from you in my Instructions dat 20 Octobr last: I shall haue iust cause to thinke, that I haue putt my honor there in trust to ill hands who betray mee to all the infamous contempts that may bee Laid vpon mee. This Gentleman the bearer hereof Mr Territt will acquaint you more pticulerly wth my mind herein and wth the opinion and sence wch diuers pious and Learned men here haue to this odious and impudent iniurie offred vnto mee, and wth what is Lawfull and most necessarie to bee done in it as 0221 217 well for the vindication of my honor as in time to pruent a growing mischeife vpon mee, vnto whome wherefore I pray giue creditt. Mr Gilmett will I know concurr in opinion wth him, for vpon diuers consults had here (before hee went) hee was well satisfied what might and ought to bee done vpon such an occasion. In case the man aboue men??ned who goes thither in contempt of my prohibition: should bee disposed off in some place out of my province before you can lay hold of him for they are so full of shiftes and deuises as I beleeue they may perhapps send him to Pattomack towne thinking by that meanes to auoid yor power of sending him back into those parts, and yett the affront to mee remaine and the danger of priudice also bee the same, for ( whatsoeur you may conceiue of them who haue no reason vpon my knowledge to loue them verie much if you knew as much as I doe concerning their speeches and actions here towards you) I am (vpon very good reason) satisfied in my iudgmt that they doe designe my destruction and I haue too good cause to suspect, that if they cannot make or mainteine a partie by degrees among the English, to bring their ends about they will endeauour to doe it by the Indians wthin a verie short time by arming them &c. against all those that shall oppose them and all vnder pretence of God's honor and the propagacon of the Christian faith, wch shalbee the maske and vizard to hide their other designes wthall . If all things that Clergie men should doe vpon these prtences should bee accounted iust and to proceed from God, Laymen were the basest slaues and most wretched creatures vpon the earth. And if the greatest saint vpon earth should intrude himselfe into my howse against my will and in despite of mee wth intention to saue the soules of all my family, but wth all giue mee iust cause to suspect that bee likewise designes my temporall destruction, or that being 28 0222 218 already in my howse doth actuallie practise it, although wth all hee doe perhaps manie spirituall goods, yet certeinlie I may and ought to prsecrue myselfe by the expulsion of such an enemy and by prouideing others to performe the spirituall good hee did, who shall not haue anie intention of mischeife towards mee, for the Law of nature teacheth this, that it is lawfull for eurie man in his owne lust defence, vim vi repellere those that wilbee impudent must bee as impudently dealt wthall . In case I say that the parte aboue men??ned should escape yor hands by the meanes afore said ( wch by all meanes pruent if possibly you can) then I praie doe not faile to send Mr Copley away from thence by the next shipping to those parts; vnless hee will bring the other new comes into yor power to send back againe, and this I am satisfied here that I may for diuers reasons cause to bee done, as the said Mr. Territt and Mr Gilmett will more fullie satisfie you and I am resolued to haue it done accordinglie. The princes of Italie who are now vpp in Armes against the Pope (although they bee Romane Catholiquues) doe not make anie scruple of Conscience by force of Armes to vindicate the Iniurie wch they conceiue hee would haue done vnto the Duke of Parma; bye wresting a braue Pallace, not farr from Rome called Capreroly wth a little Territory about it, from the said Duke for one of the Popes Nephewes: nor doe they much esteeme his excommunications or Bulls (both the pope hath made vse off) in that busines for they beleeue them to bee vniustly grounded, and therefore of no validity: although they continue notwthstanding Romane Catholiques, and these are: the Duke of fflorence the state of Venice, the Duke of Parma and the duke of Modena Reggio: who are ioined in league and haue now an Armie of aboue 40000 men raised against the pope, and hee neer as many against them vpon the quarrell aboue men??ned, 0223 219 insomuch as it is generallie conceiued here that Rome is sacked by this time, or els that the pope hath giuen full satisfaction to the aforesaid princes, for hee is thought too weake for them. In fine if you doe not wth a constant resolution and faithfull affection to mee, executed what I haue here directed ( whatsoeur inconvenience come off it) and according to what you shall vnderstand to bee my mind herein more perticulerlie by word of mouth from the said Mr Territt you will as I said betray mee to the greatest dishonor and priudice that euer one Brother did another: But you must bee verie carefull that Mr Territt receiue no priudice by his communicating my mind to you, or by his zealous affection and fidelity to mee in doeing his best endeauours wth you to see my desire herein accomplished. Nor Likewise Mr Gilmett wch I am confident yor owne iudgmt and discretion will incline you to preuent although I had not men??ned it. I vnderstand that notwthstanding my prohibition the Last yeare you did passe Grants vnder my scale here to those of the Hill of St Inegoes and other Lands at St Maryes and also of 100 Acres of land at Pascattoway some of wch as I am informed you conceiued in iustice due vnto them and therefore thought yor selfe obliged to grant them although it were contrarie to my directions wch to mee seemes verie strange, for certeinly I haue power to reuoke anie authoritie I haue giuen you here either in whole or in part, and if I had thought fitt to haue totally reuoked yor power of granting anie Lands there at all in my name certeinly no man that is disinterested could thinke that you were bound neuertheless in conscience to vsurpe such an authoritie against my will, because in Justice diuers planters ought to haue grants from mee: for when I haue reuoked the power I gaue you for that purpose anie man els may as well as you vndertake to passe grants in my name, 0224 220 and haue as much obligation also in Conscience to doe it, and how ridiculous that were for anie man to doe I leaue it to you to iudge when I did giue directions to you not to grant anie more Lands to those of the bill there, vpon anie prtence whatsoeuer I did so farr as concern'd them reuoke that power I formerlie gaue you of granting of lands there, and it was a great breach of trust in you to doe the contrarie for I beleeue you would take it verie ill, and wth good reason you might, if anie man whome you should trust wth the keeping of yor scale, should affix it to anie thing contrary to yor direction although you were bound perhapps in future to cause it to bee done yor selfe; if those psons had had anie iust cause of complaint by haueing grants refused them, it had been yor part onlie to haue referred them vnto me, who knew best my owne reasons why I gaue the aforesaid Directions, for you are but meetly instrumentall in those things to doe what I direct, and not to compel mee to doe what you thinke fitting: And for ought you know some accident might haue hapned here that it was no iniustice in mee to refuse them grants of anie Land at all, and that by reason of some Act of this state it might haue endangered my life and fortune to haue permitted them to haue had anie grants at all, wch I doe not Ile assure you mention wthout good ground. I shall earnestlie therefore desire you to bee more obseruant hereafter of my directions, and not expect that I should satisfie yor iudgmt by acquainting you still wth my reasons why I direct anie thing: for then my power there were no more then anie mans else, who may wth reasons perswade you to doe or forbeare any thing as well as I. And I doe once more strictly require you not to suffer anie grants of anie Lands for the future to pass my Seale here to anie Member of the Hill there nor to anie other person in trust for them vpon anie prtence or claime whatsoeur wthout 0225 221 especiall Warrant vnder my hand and Seale to bee hereafter obteyned from mee for that purpose. So I rest

Yor most affectionate loueing Brother,

London 23th Nouemb: 1642.

I pray commend my kind respects to Mrs Traughton and thanke her from mee for the letter shee sent mee this yeare in answeare of another wch I had sent vnto her the yeare before.

The Maisters here of those of the Hill there did diuers waies importune mee to pmitt some of theirs to goe this yeare thither, insomuch as they haue God forgiue them for it caused a bitter falling out between my sister Peasely and mee, and some discontentmt also betweene mee and her husband about it, because I would not by anie meanes giue way to the goeing of anie of the aforesaid psons.

No. 13. CECILIUS, LORD BALTIMORE, DECLARATION TO THE LORDS.

[Superscription.]

Cecil The Lo: Baltemores Declaration to the Lords.

To the Right Honoble the Lords Co??issioners for forreigne Plantations.

The humble Declaration of the Lord Baltemores proceedings in the procuring & passing of his Pattent of the Province of Maryland adioyning to Virginea, and of seuerall vniust 0226 222 molestations which some of the old dissolued Company of Virginea haue giuen him both before & since, to his great preiudice.

The Lor Baltemores ffather having disbursed neare 20000 lbs. besides the hazard of his own person in a Plantation in Newfoundland, a countrey proving not habitable for the great colds in winter. And having therevpon transported himself his wife, goods and family to Virginea wth intent to plant and reside there, where he had been an Adventurer; did for that purpose leaue his family there; and vpon his arriuall in England became an humble Sutor to his Matie for that part of Virginea wch lyeth between the River of Passamagnus and the prsent Planta??n of Virginea on James Riuer towards the South.

The 20th of Feb. 1631. His Maty referred the considera??n thereof to the right honoble the Earles of Dorsett & Carlile, the Lo: Viscount Wentworth and the Lo: Cottington, or any three of them: and their said Lops having well weighed the said request did 23 of Feb. 1631 signifie his Maties pleasure to Mr Attorney Generall that then was, for drawing a Bill conteyning such a Grant to him and his heires, Wch was so done by Mr Attorney and his Maty Signed the same.

The matter being thus farr proceeded, some of the old dissolued Company of Adventurers to Virginea, seeming discontented therewith pretending that some of them the next yeare after determined to settle people on the South Side of James Riuer, for the planting of Sugars, it being the most Southerly and best part of all Virginea and no other but that fitt for that purpose, and that this Grant would much priudice them in this their designe wch the late Lo: Baltemore conceauing they did really intend, was unwilling to hinder so good a worke or to disgust them or any other as farr as in reason was 0227 223 fitt, though it were to his owne priudice , and therefore vpon his humble sute his Maty tooke the matter againe into considera??n and made a new reference to the Earles of Arundell & Carlile, the Lo: Viscount Wentworth and Lo: Cottington, who considered not only of the said pretences, but also of the late incroachment of the dutch nation in those parts, who haue planted and fortifyed themselues northward between the old Colony of Virginea, and the English Colonies planted in New England. All wch being by their said Lops represented to his Maty they did (according to his Mats direccons) by a Warrant vnder their hands dated in March following to Mr Attorney Sewall that then was declare his Royall pleasure to be that the said Lo: Baltemore should resigne his former Grant wch was only passed his signature, and haue an other Grant of a tract of Land lying a great way distant northward from the old Colony of Virginea. And accordingly a Bill was prepared, which passed the Priuy Seale, and then before it could passe the great Scale of England, the said Lo: Baltemore dyed.

After whose death, the now Lo: Baltemore became an humble Sutor to his Maty for the continuance of his said royall favor and his Maty gaue warrant dated 21. of Aprill next following to Mr Attorney Generall that then was to draw a new Bill for the granting the said Lands to him & his heires, wch passed likewise the Priuy Scale.

Then some of the said old dissolued Company moued his Maty for the stay of that Grant. also, vpon pretence of promises by proclama??n and otherwise from his Maty (since the dissolu??n of the old Pattent of Virginea) for the referring the old Companyes right to all things formerly granted them in that Pattent excepting the Gouernment and for the renewing of their pattent to that purpose, within the 0228 224 whereof, the Lo: Baltemores Countrey was included: and his Maty vpon their great importunity againe referred the matter, as they desired, to the late Lo: Treasurer and the Earles of Dorsett & Carlile, who heard both parties and all matters that. are now in question before yor Lops were then at full heard & considered of, and pticularly that of Capt. Clayborne's prtences to the Island whereon he is lately planted, was much insisted vpon by Sr John Worstenholme. But it then appearing to their Lops first that their old Pattent was legally dissolued, not only to the point of Gouernment as they pretended, but to all other purposes whatsoeuer, and that consequently the Countrey formerly granted them was wholy in the Kings hands to dispose of, and that those promises wch they pretended from his Matie by his said proclamation and otherwise were not to reserue to the company any incorporate right, or to renew their Corpora??n ( wch his Maty is so farr from promising therein to doe, in any kind whatsoeuer, as for the reasons therein alleadged, he rather declares his inten??n then to be directly contrary, but to confirme only euery pticuler mans propriety & right to any Planta??n wch any had settled there, or assignemts of Land made vnto them during the time of the said Companyes Pattent being in force, when any of them should desire it, as may appeare by the Proclamac??n; and it being also at that tyme made appeare vnto their Lops that although the tract of land then intended to the Lo: Baltemore, were within the lymits of the old Companies Pattent, yet that it did not infringe or trench vpon any such plantacon or assignement as aforesaid; excepting in one part of a Peninsula contayned within the said Grant, wch part of the Peninsula was therefore afterwards excepted out of his Grant: and that Capt: Cleyborne about the time of passing the said Grant wch was many yeares after the dissolu??n of the 0229 225 said Companies pattent; had without any legall authority deriued from his Maty ; seated himself in an Island where now he is, within the Bay of Cheasepeack ( wch is within the prcincts of the Lo: Baltemores pattent) and aboue 100 miles northward distant from James Riuer, the prsent scitua??n of the old Colony of Virginea, of purpose to remoue himself farr from all gouernment, being euer obserued to be a man of a factious Spirit, as did appeare by many of his former actions; their Lops therevpon againe made certificate vnder their hands to his Maty dated 5 of June 1632. that they thought fitt that the said last Grant should passe to the now Lo: Baltemore & his heires, excepting only a great, part of the Peninsula aforesaid whereon some of the old Colony had long before planted themselues during the time of the old Companies pattent being in force, and accordingly a new warrant from his Maty dated 7. of June following, was directed to Mr Attorney Generall that then was, to alter his Grant in that point, and to prepare a new Grant of all the rest wth that excepc??n only; wch passed the great Seale of England, it being not a fortith part of the Territory belonging to Virginea, as may appeare by the Cards & Mapps of those Countreys, if yor Lops please to peruse them.

After all wch the yeare following the Lo: Baltemore having to his great charge made prparation of Shipps and provisions for the transporta??n of people to begin a planta??n in the said Countrey so granted vnto him; some of the old dissolued Company, a litle before the going forth of the said Shipps, being transported with spleene, (as he conceiues he hath reason to doubt) and of purpose to molest him in his proceedings, well knowing how priudiciall a litle delay would bee vnto him at that time; againe prferred a declara??n to yor Lops of the prtended iniuries done vnto them by the said 29 0230 226 Grant, formerly so much debated & considered of as aforesaid, and hoping at last (as it seemes) to advantage themselues by importunity and multitudes, they brought 30 or 40 of their Company before yor Lops and all matters formerly considered of, concerning that busines, were then againe debated of at large, and pticulerly that of Cleybornes pretences to the Island wherein he is, was againe much insisted vpon, in their declara??n, as by the Copy of it, will appeare: and when they were out of hope of overthrowing the said Grant, then did they moue, that at least they might haue an independent liberty of trade wth the Indians within his precincts, well knowing the prejudice wch they should do him if they obtained that liberty; but it then appearing to yor Lops as well the weaknes of their former prtences in other things, as likewise the injustice & great inconveniency of this last motion of theirs.

ffirst, in that it was the Lo: Baltemore's right by his pattent and the only prsent benefitt, (though small and not likely to be permanent,) that was probable to be made, towarde the defraying of part of the great charge of the Planta??n, and therefore neither in Justice nor equity fitt that any others who did not contribute to the planting of the Countrey should depriue him of it:

Secondly in that it was very inconvenient & dangerous for him and his planta??n to pmitt it, because thereby he should giue those who were not well asserted to his planta??n, and whom he had noe power to regulate a meanes to spoile the markett of that Trade, as likewise to pick quarrells, and doe iniuries to those Indians who were Neighbors to his planta??n, and who would be apt to revenge vpon his Planters all such wrongs done them, when those who did them were gone, the Indians making no difference between them being all of one Nation; Yor Lops therevpon thought fitt by an Order at the 0231 227 Starr chamber 3 of July 1633 to dismisse the busines, and to leaue the Lo: Baltemore to the right of his Pattent.

All wch just and faire proceedings in the passing of wch pattent ought to haue been sufficient (as is humbly conceiued) to debarr any man from any further importunity in opposing his Mats gracious Act vnder the great Seale of England, so advisedly & considerately done, especially there having been really no such promises made by his Royall Proclama??n aforesaid, as could any way either in honor or otherwise oblige him to forbeare to make such a Grant vnto the Lo: Baltemore:— But only were and are suggested by them either meerely to priudice and molest his good endeavors for the enlargment of his Matys Empire in those parts; or for some other ends besides planting; ffor if their intentions in this their importunity to haue their Corporation renewed, were and are meerely to haue power thereby to plant, any of them hath might and may yet, without pressing for any such thing, haue Land enough assigned them for that purpose, from his Mats Gouernor and Councell in Virginea, as many others, both old and new Plantrs and Adventurers, from time to time, since the dissolu??n of the old Company haue had, and dayly haue, and vpon as good conditions as any perticular person of them either had or could haue had, when they were in an incorporated Body; there being more Land vnplanted and vndisposed of then them these many yeares, and such land as is more Southerly and better then that wch is granted to the Lo: Baltemore, wch pticuler assignemts also, his Maty no doubt, would afterwards be pleased to confirme vnto any of them as they should reasonably desire, and as he was graciously pleased to promise, by his said Procla??n, to those who had any planta??n seated or any assignement of Land there, during the time of the old Corporation. 0232 228 But none of those, who haue so much troubled his Maty and yor Lops in this busines, haue any Planta??n or people setled in Virginea, neither haue any of them begun any planta??n for sugars on the South parts of Virginea, as some of them vpon the late Lo: Baltemore's first Grant of that part, aboue menconed ( wch is now 3 yeares since) prtended very earnestly to doe, or done any thing els since, concerning the planta??n of Virginea, but importuned his Maty and yor Lops for the renewing of their Corpora??n, and raysed trouble both here and there agt the Lo: Baltemore and his Plantation.

Now for as much as the said Grant was made vpon such mature deliberation vpon so many seuerall references, warrants and certificates (the Copies whereof are ready to be prsented vnto yor Lops ) And for asmuch as the said Lo: Baltemore hath therevpon disbursed by himself and his freinds aboue tenn thousand pounds for the setling of a Colony of his Mats Subiects in the said Countrey, having sent two of his Brothers thither (one of whom he hath since lost vpon the place) and having seated already aboue two hundred people there. Hee humbly beseecheth yor Lops to the end he may be no further vniustly molested by any of the old dissolued Company of Virginea, but may peaceably & quietly enioy his Mats gracious Grant vnto him, and the right, wch he (in confidence thereof) hath since so deerly bought by the expence of so great sumes of money, the loss of one of his Brothers and severall others of his freinds, and many other troubles wch he hath since vndergone, in the prosecution of it, That yor Lops would be pleased vpon these considerations; To make a finall Order that the old dissolued Company of Virginea shall be heard no more in their said vniust prtences against his Pattent, because the often questioning of his right, though it be vpon vniust grounds, doth much priudice him in 0233 229 his proceedings, Nor that any other order do passe from this Honoble Boord wch may priudice his right or cause any suites in Law between them, ffor that would much endanger the ouerthrow of his Plantation which is now in a good forwardnes to perfection, and consequently his and many of his freinds vtter ruine, in respect that the greatest part of their fortunes are therevpon engaged.

No. 14. GOVERNOR CHARLES CALVERT TO CECILIUS, LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

27 Aprill 1664

My son Charles to me by Cap: Miles Cooke.

[Superscription.]

Seal. Calvert Arms with a label.

For The Right Honble The Lord Baltemore These prsnt

p Capt. Cooke.

May it Please Your Lopp—

I shall now endeauour to giue yr Lopp an Accompt of what I haue done as to yr Lopps Co??ands in the last & This yeares letters but I shall first humbly begg yr Lopps pardon that I haue nott done it sooner:

27th May 1662. Your Lopp was pleas'd in that letter to co??and me to procure some Elke Calues two Males and two Femalls, I haue vsed all my endeauours possible but can 0234 230 procure none as yet, yr Lopp in that letter was pleas'd to write about the Manur of Calverton, to know what has beene granted out of it, A Thousand Acres yr Lopp did grant to doctor Barber & 300 acres att an other time, & Mr Pyles has had a 1000 acres more out of it vpon a letter wch Mr Lewger writt long since as from yr Lopp wch is all I know of or can learne from any; I haue acquainted the Masters of Vessells that what letters I send to yr Lopp they should carry for London & nott send them by the post as they were wont to doe & that yr Lopp would beare them out in't, the 20 Barrells of Corne wch Mr Sewall was to haue he has now payd him by discount wth the Chancellr , & the 20th wch my vncle had of yr Lopp in Maryland money he tells me is pay'd as may appeare by his neate Accompt of 1661. I haue according to yr Lopps Grant to my Cosen Darnall of Jenkins Plantacon endeauourd to sell it for him, & hope by these ships to send him Bills of Exchange for't; Mr Sewall has Great Eltonhead as yr Lopp gaue me Ordr in this letter.

24th July 1662. According to yr Lopps Co??ands in this letter I passt the land aforesd to the Secretary, & he has surrendered his warrant for 2000 acres wch yr Lopp was please to bestow on him:

26th July 1662. I humbly returne yr Lopp many thanks for the 25 p pole wch the Countrey gaue by Act of Assembly, I shall endeauour to make the best vse I can for your Lopps seruice: As to what your Lopp writes about the Hattons whoe would faine haue a 1000 acres of the Land att Choptico pretending a promisse from your Lopp wch as I find vpon record was but Conditionall, soe that I shall obey yr Lopps Co??ands & endeauours to satisfie them in some other place, when soever they shall desire it but as yett I heare nothing from them. The Grant wch yr Lopp gaue to Doctor Barber he 0235 231 shewd me vpon wch I pass't & sing'd him a pattent, afore yr Lopps letter came to my hands, & whereas yr Lopp does think that grant was reuokt', I enquir'd of the Chancellr about it whoe could say nothing to't as he told me, soe that I cannot find any thing whereby to recall what's pass't he shewing me yr Lopp letter vpon wch I did it & causd the words of yr Lopps letter to be recorded wch concern'd his buisinesse, Mr Lewgers sonne has that Plantation of Coles in lieu of 500 acres wch yr Lopp had giuen him, there were noe housing vpon't, soe that there was noe Tob. to be demanded vpon that accompt of him; As to what yor Lopp: was pleasd to write about the moneys or Tobaccos due from Mr Sewall to Mr Lewger & Cœcill Langford I can onely say This that the fees of the Secretarys place are much more then formerly & conceiue it will not prejudice the Secretary to pay part if not the whole, but shall desire yr Lopps positiue Ordr therein for what's due in arreares, & for the furore Cœcill Langford being now gone from yr Lopp the Secretary I think may very well pay Mr Lewgers share yearely.

15th Sep: 1661. I did according to yr Lopps Comands take Peeter Gures from the Chancellr but since that he's returnd to him againe but vpon better termes then afore.

24th Sep. 1661 Your Lopp in This letter was pleas'd to write about Mr Wm Eltonheads will, whoe by word of mouth gaue his land & other estat to his wife he being art that time a prisoner & could not haue the benifitt of paper & Ink vpon wch the Court then Judgd the will good, but in regard the word heyres was not spoken I am not certaine whether our last Act of Assembly for quietting possessions does not confirmd it as to her as it was intended for all such as had but imperfect Conueyances wch makes me att prsent able to say little but shall endeauour to enquire more into't, in regard wee 0236 232 had occasion art our last Prouinciall Court to examine that busines & I find the wittnesse that was to haue prou'd that will was not entred vpon record, wch will alter the thing much, & if Mr Eltonhead will make a letter of Attourney to some person here to sue for his right, I shall endeavour that Iustice be done in't, but if he send a letter of Attourney he must gett it Attested according to Act of Assembly as yr Lopp will see by the Acts sent home this yeare or otherwise it will not be of force here wth vs; I giue yr Lopp many Thanks for the Grafts sent by Mr White last yeare but none of them came to good; I haue & shall obserue yr Lopps Comands in euery particular in these letters of 1662, These last of 1663 I shall now giue yr Lopp the Best Accompt I ame able in answer to euery thing therein.

23th July 1663. I shall according to yr Lopps Co??ands take care for the future whoes Bills I take, & as to that of Mr Loyds about the 26th he assur'd me in the Presence of the Chancellr that he had taken such effectuall Course wth his correspondent in England that I press't him nott to draw any Bills, but it shall make me more Carefull the next time; Smiths Bill wch yr Lopp return'd protested came to my hands, but in regard Smith is gone for England whoe sign'd it, nothing can be done in't here but must leave it to yr Lopp in England where he is or will be some time or other his Father is one of that Company vpon whom he drew those Bills of Exchange & yr Lopp will come to heare of the sonne vpon the Exchange, The 9 hhds of Tobacco wch in 1662 I sent whome to yr Lopp by Capt Tully, 7 of wch I thought good & weighty, but as yr Lopp writes were nott, must be Capt Tullys fault, for it was himselfe that assur'd me that 4 of the 7 wch he brought from Ann Arundell were extraordinary good Tob: & good weight 400 & vpwards all foure, for the other 0237 233 Three, I was wth him when they were brought on board his Ship & I caus'd euery hdd to be opend & shew'd him the Tobaccos wch he like't then very well, & wisht all the Tob: he had then on board were as good I saw them weighed & euery hogshead was vpwards of 400 this I can Assure yr Lopp to be truth soe that where the fault was vnlesse Capt. Tully was Careless or did not deale soe fairely wth yr Lopp as he ought to haue done I can't Imagine, for I tooke all the care possible I could that yr Lopp mought not pay freight for bad Tobaccos; The Bills of Exchange wch your Lopp receiued from Coll Smith charg'd by me I will take care shall be payd againe & thought to haue sent in this yeare, But doctr Tilghman putts me of still alleadging his bad condition he is in, but say's he will not faile to contriue paymt next Cropp wch I shall returne to yr Lopp , But This will make for the future take care for whome I doe such a courtesey for it was purely to pleasur the doctr he being a stranger att that time in Virginia wch made me request the fauour of Coll Smith to procure him Creditt for soe much in Virginia wch accordingly vpon my letter he did, & to satisfie him I was forct to draw a Bill for the moneys vpon yr Lopp the Doctr taking noe care to satisfie the debt, As Concerning what yr Lopp writes that the Comissrs wch I sent did not well to consent that the same time for the stinting to be alike in both places, to wch it was answered to me that they could not accomodate it otherwise the Other party alleadging that that would not be soe greate a prejudice in regard Maryland was not much to the Northward of Virginia, & as to the Calling our Assembly here first was a great ouer sight in them, & they could giue me noe good answer to't, onely that it was much press't by the other party the result of our Assembly as to that businesse I sent yr Lopp in Harwood & Copys in Groome; I was not long since att 30 0238 234 Virginia to waite vpon the Gouernr & amongst other buisnesse wth him I mou'd the setting forth the diuisionall line from Wattkins point to the seabord syde to wch he seem'd very willing, & some time in Aprill was then appointed for't, & since that I received a letter from Scarburgh wherein he gaue me to vndrstand that he had Order from the Gouerr Councell & Comittee of theire Assembly to write to me that vpon the 10th of May next was the time appointed by 'm the doing that buisnesse to wch I answer'd I should nott faile to send others to meet them on yr Lopps behalfe, wch I am now preparing to doe & shall carefully obserue your Lopps Co??ands & Instructions in that buisness, & I hope I may be able to glue yr Lopp an Accompt by some of the last shipps that depart from hence or Virginia of the accomodating that difference betwext the Virginians & vs, In answer to what yr Lopp writes about the Manur of Great Eltonhead, vpon inquiry since into that buisnesse doe find that there is 5000 acres according to former suruey, & how Mr Sewall came to find there was but 3000 I shall not venture to say att prsent , but it goes now for the full quantity as afore & nothing is sd more concerning it by the Secretary; I receiued a letter from the Lords of the Councell but as yr Lopp . Co??anded me haue taken noe notice of't att all, but shall notwthtanding be very diligent in obseruing theire Co??ands, & I humbly begg yr Lopps pardon for my Omission in not sending the last yeares bonds for 1662 till this last shipping, but shall for the future amend that fault, I sent them by Groome & duplicats by Harwood or Tully I dont well remembr wch The Originalls I keepe here, those of 1663 I now send by Capt Cooke & Copys likewise by Tilghman. My last yeares Accompt I sent, by Groome wth Jack Allen, but am afraid I shall not be able to send yr Lopp This of 1663 untill the next shipping for 0239 235 the sheriffs are soe long afore they returne me theire Bookes that I haue not time to make vp the Accompts the same shipping to send yr Lopp, wch I hope will excuse me, but I shall notwthstanding endeauour what in me lyes to hasten them, In answer to what yr Lopp was pleasd to write about the 68 hhds of Tob: wch I sent last yeare in Fon for my not sending the weights of euery hdd was not soe much my fault for the Sheriffs came not downe time enough wth theire notes of particular & the ship was gone afore I had them wch was the cause I sent them not, otherwise I should nott haue Comitted such an ouersight as that was: The Gouerr of New Amstell is returned to Delaware but I vndrstand as yett nothing from him, neither doe wee heare any thing more of the frigatts that were design'd for the Manados, if at any time there be occaticon for our assistance to Call the Dutch to an Accompt for the Land they enioy there wee shall be ready & endeauour to putt in for yr Lopps. Right wch att prsent wee conceiue better to lett alone vnlesse yr Lopp can informe vs wch way wee can safely do't, & wee shall be still ready to Obey Co??ands. I spoak to the Chancellr touching yr Accompts wch he sent to yr Lopp to wch he answered that he had sent yr Lopp his answer to such Obiections as were made & gaue me a Copy of't wch I shall peruse & glue yr Lopp my sence thereof but they are soe tedious that art prsent I am not able to spend soe much time to examine them neither is he at leasure my sicknesse whilst I was in Virginia & the time it Continued on me after my returne into these parts has hindred me extreamly & putt me back in all my buisnesse, but I will examine all those accompts & returne yr Lopp his answer to me as to euery particular: I pay'd him his Thirds last yeare as yr Lopp will find by the Accompt currant wch I sent in Groome; I brought him debtor 70 odds lbs for Arreares of Rents wch I found by 0240 236 the books returnd me in 1662 wch his seuerall deputys had receiued & had given noe Creditt ever vpon the Bookes formerly of his wch sume I charg'd him wth & he to gett it of his deputys wch I suppose he has ere this.

24th July 1663. I receiued yr Lopps as p Margent by Mr Allen & according to yr Lopps Co?ands therein haue shewne him all the kindnesse possibly I could, he's a very good Condicond young man, & In time may done well as to the vndrstanding our Co?odity & manner of dealing in these parts of the world, wch att This time I confesse can giue little encouragemt to any, I receiu'd the Mault & flower from Groome & humbly & returne yr Lopp many Thanks for them & for the news books wch are a great divertisment to vs here, I haue acquainted my Couzen Wm Caluert about that buisnesse betwixt him & my vncle, & shall endeauour what I can for the best.

26th July 1663. This I receiu'd by the hands of dr Humberstone & in Obedience to yr Lopps Co?ands receiu'd him into my house whilst he stay'd here, but I cannot find him to be the person capable of performing those things yr Lopp was inform'd of him he's an Indiffrent good Chirurgeon & as indiffrent in his religion, he past here for an Athest, & I think him little better, some call'd him the Heathen doctor & I presume none could call him a miss, but I was Civill to him in regard it was yr Lopps pleasure & Comands to me. I shall speake to Augustine as yr Lopp formerly writt about a particular Mapp for St Johns & West St Marys, Mr White has done some thing as to the House & Orchard of St Johns wch I presume he'll send yr Lopp this shipping.

3d August 1663. I receiu'd this letter & a letter from yr Lopp for Collr Fontele Roy & a warrant for him, both wch I carried wth me to Virginia, but afore I could gett it sent 0241 237 to him he was dead, soe that I haue the warrant & shall keepe it vntill yr Lopp shall further direct in't, I returne yr Lopp many thanks for the moneys payd to Mr Fitzherbert in England wch I chargd vpon yr Lopp.

14th August 1663. In answer to what yr Lopp was pleas'd to write in this letter I shall now endeauour to satisfie as to euery particular the best I can; In that letter I receiued seuerall papers from yr Lopp & a note of the prizes of such things sent in Capt Tully. The Things themselfes I receiued & a Man seruant, the other that was to haue come being putt a shoare att Plimouth, I had alsoe by that vessell Copys of yr Lopps Co?ission & Instructions to Capt Swanley Gouer of Newfounland, all wch I shall peruse & returne an answer as soone as I can for yr Lopps satisfaction; The busness wch the slones Complain's & writt about is by me accomodated betwext them & the Chancellr he paying the Arrears of Rent due from them, & he to haue what was in his hands of shares, by wch meanes he came to gett 10 or 12th by the bargaine & gave discharges to each other afore me, & soe that that difference was ended; the arreares of Rent comes to 38 odd pounds wch I am to charge to the Chancellrs accompt this yeare, towards paymt of his Thirds as Sallary from yr Lopp: The Proclamacon wch yr Lopp was pleasd to mention was issued forth by me & the Rest of the Councell concerning the taking of Hydes for Rent, nothing as yett is done in't, in regard Mr Jackson could not give that security to me wch in Reason I ought to haue demanded of him for the securing yr Lopp of yr Rents & besides one reason wch made me doe nothing in't was because the Councell had nothing to doe wth things of that nature wch afterwards I reflected on though at the Issuing forth of that Proclama?? I was surpriz'd but it signified nothing; Though many times when I have spoken 0242 238 by the by to the Chancellr of the difficulty I had in getting the Rents cleare euery yeare, he has often press't me to aduise wth the Councell wth it, but I haue made him still this answer that I conceiu'd it not a buisnesse properly belonging to them, but that I should vse what means wth his aduise I thought best, wch since I haue vndrstood he has informd the Councell as he has of many other things wch in priuate I have discours't wth him: I haue endeavour'd to assist Mr Jackson what I can in letting him a spott of ground hard by me for his Tann Fatts & lent him a House to putt his Bark in euer since he came, but I find the Countrey are not soe ready to encourage him as I thought they would in regard they see noe great effects of his coming in; The reason I did nott last yeare send yr Lopp an accompt of the Things sent that yeare & that I did nott answer the letters of that yeare was because Spenser was gone sooner then I heard he was to goe, but I sent by the way of New England but cannot vndrstand that yr Lopp received the letters. The Things that yr Lopp sent this yeare I shall now giue an accompt to euery particular as I receiud them; The Warrant wch yr Lopp mentions Mr Lewger has for me as Receiuer came to me, & I haue giuen Capt Tully 10th to pay him it being for the first paymt & shall not faile to pay as much yearely till 7 yeares be expired as long as I continue Receiuer; I haue spoke to the Chancellr concerning what he writt to yr Lopp of a promisse I made to Patrick Powest of the land att Pork Hall neck, wch I wonder extreamly att, when he knows, I neuer did nor could I if I would, & to lett yr Lopp see he has done me a great deale of wrong in't, the busnesse was this, he himselfe came to me & spoake in this fellows behalfe to me for that land, To wch I answered him: Sr you know it lyes not in my power to dispose of any lands Escheated to his Lopp wth out particular 0243 239 Ordr for't, & as yett I haue none the second time he came againe, & I made him the very same answer as afore I had done, but Patrick as he says presst him soe much that he came the Third time wth him at wch I was a little troubled & desird the Chancellr he would satisfie him, but nothing would serue it seemes vnlesse I gave the fellow an answer & vpon that I went out of my parlor to the fellow, & the same buisnesse was mou'd by the fellow, & the same answer I gaue him as I had to the Chanr then Patrick desir'd me to write to yr Lopp to procure it him, I then demanded of the Chancellr whither himselfe & Dick Willan whoe was then liuing were willing to't in regard I knew both theire stocks of Cattle & hogs ran in that neck, the Chancellr made me answer he was very willing & more over did assure me of Mr Willan Willingnesse to't to wch I reply'd if it be true as yu are pleas'd to say I'll write to his Lopp about it, but wth in a Day or two after I pass't by Mr Willans House & mett wth him whoe desir'd to know of me whether Patrick had obtained a grant of Pork hall neck, & vpon that I acquainted him wth what I have here related to yr Lopp, wherevpon he made me answer that if any body did seate that land it would ruine him in his stock, I i?ediatly went to the Chanllr & sent for Patrick to come thither to me & told them both what Mr Willan had said, to wch the Chancellr told me priuatly that Willan was a strange man, but My lord the reason of that was there had beene some little difference betwixt my Vncle & him about some Corne Willan had lett him & could not gett it againe, I told Patrick I would doe nothing that should ruine a person that had beene soe faithfull as dick Willan had beene to yr Lopp well then sd the Chanr doe not Sr at least hinder him by writing to yr Lopp , I assurd him I would neither write for the one or the other & this is the buisnesse 0244 240 in short wch I humbly leave to yr Lopp to iudge whether This were a promisse I could acquaint yr Lopp wth many other Triuiall Things wch he has reported of me but are nott worth troubling yr Lopp wth all att prsent . I give yr Lopp many Thanks for the Things sent by Capt. Tully, I receiued them all & the Inuoyce and as they were sett downe both in that & the Bills of lading I shall be very carefull as well of what yr Lopp has last sent me as likewise of the things I had afore: The reason I haue nott giuen yr Lopp soe large an accompt of euery particular from time to time was for want of a Clerk I haue now hired one for a time, & shall for the future glue yr Lopp better satisfaction; but for sending the Escheats, Mich?? I receiue the Rents I will if possible I ame able & can gett my Bookes in time enough; If I had nothing else to doe but to goe to the Respective sheriff of euery County for theire seuerall books I'ts very possible I mought do't, but hauing continually more buisnesse then I can well runn Thorough, I must neglect one thing or other if I should stir soe much from home I did desire as yr Lopp writes to haue some frieght taking last yeare in England, but fearing afterwards If I should not compleat my freight, I should be protested against, I chose rather to lett it alone & that was the reason I did not send word as I writt I would otherwise have done. I haue acquainted the Secretary that the Chancellr had writt yr Lopp word of some indiscreet & vnhandsome speeches he should vtter & that the Chancellr had informd yr Lopp he had acquainted me wth it, but I assure yr Lopp I can't remembr that ever I heard any word or tittle of't afore I read yr Lopps letter for if I had I should have hardly past it in silence soe I i?ediatly went to the Chancellr to know of him whoe Those persons were that would be Mr Sewalls accusers he told me Mr Coursey was the person, 0245 241 where vpon I su?onds him to St Marys & made knowne the businesse to him to wch he made answer that he had heard seuerell things come from the Secretary, I desird that he would give me vndr his hand what he had to say & lay to his charge wch I heare send to yr Lopps being able to say little to't my selfe the one declaring vpon Oath & the Other positiuely denying vpon Oath. Mr Coursey moreouer told me that others had heard as much as himselfe, I demanded whoe those were & he told me the Chancellr had heard the same & to the same effect as what he could say, whervpon I spoake to the Chancellr whoe told me likewise that he had att an other time heard to the same purpose as Mr Coursey, & I desir'd he would alsoe give it me vndr his hand & vpon Oath wch he has done, both wch I present to yr Lopp to iudge of, Now May it Please yr Lopp this I can say that neither the Chancellr nor the other Can endure the Secretary & haue endeauour'd what they can to doe him vnkindnesse as yr Lopp may plainly see by the Journalls of the last Assembly, & I know they haue attempted to do him what mischief they Could to the people by disparagin him wch I thought was not handsome he being your Lopps Officer & Third person in Employmt; when I first spoake wch the Chancellr to know whoe those were that accusd the Secretary he told me onely Mr Course & yett since that it seemes he says he heard as much, they are vpon theire Oaths & therefore shall not presume to speake more in't if it be true I wonder art Mr Sewall for being soe indiscreet, for in his actions euer since he has beene yr Lopps Officer he has giuen sufficient testimony of his readinesse both to serue yr Lopps & the Countrey & I could wish I had cause to say as much as of the rest of yr Lopps Officers whoe pretend more but theire actions doe not suit accordingly, The Secretary does intend for England in Cooke & of him yr Lopp may be 31 0246 242 further satisfied, both as to his owne particuler & the humors & dispositions of other persons here in Office & of theire Carriage in yr Lopps affaires here, yr Lopp may confide in him for the naked truth of Things here & I doubt but when I may see yr Lopp to Confirme what he may relate— I haue reced: An Act of Parliamt & shall be very diligent in Obseruing it, but I haue desir'd the Secretary to know of yr Lopps what's is meant by searching vessells for Forraign goods whether wee must strictly looke into euery particuler Cargo The Merchant & Mastr brings in if soe it will be an Endlesse trouble both to the Officers & Mastr & Owners of such goods, wherefore I shall earnestly entreat yr Lopp to satisfie vs in that, least wee runn ourselues into some inconuenience by being to Officious in our places, if yr Lopp can by the first Ship that comes for these parts— Mr Willan is dead but I acquainted his wife about that wch yr Lopp writt concerning a release he had sent for England & what shee will doe in't I can't tell as yett; Whereas The Chancellr writt to yr Lopp that he might leaue The Great Seale wth me when his Occations call'd him vp the Bay to his Plantations, he has since desir'd me to write to your Lopp that he may be dismiss't from his imploymt, for that as he say's he is not able to looke after yr Lopps buisnesse and his owne. The Secretary can giue yr Lopp the seuerall reasons why he has desir'd that soe much, if he were dismist I am certaine I could not have more buisnesse then now I have vpon me, yr Lopp does give a Sallary to a person to beare the name of an Officer but does little & what help & profitt it brings to yr Lopp I doe not conceiue, he has been absent these two Courts & is like to be the next & vnlesse I be at home noe Courts can be held, The Hattons haue not as yett spoaken any thing of the land of Choptico as I haue sd afore, but as to what doctor Barber 0247 243 writt yr Lopp word that I told him I had a check from yr Lopp for signing his Pattent for his 1300 acres wch he has there I did say as much to him but forgott to write yr Lopp an answer then of what I had done in't, I had yr Lopps letter to the Chanr for what I did, & I told him yr Lopp did wonder how he came to haue any land there, & that if I had not already pass't the Pattent I would haue held my hand, this I told him wherevpon he prsently gave out I would take his land from him & seuerall other vnhandsome speeches as he is indiscreet enough to say any thing att his pleasure— I haue acquainted the Chancellr wth what he had informd yr Lopp that I did not from time to time co?unicatt yr Lopps Instructions to him to wch he answerd me little, I desir'd him to lett me know what it was I had ever kept from him that concernd him selfe or the Countrey, he was pleas'd to giue me noe answer, though I can iustly complaine of his being backward in assisting & informing me of the buisnesse of the Countrey, but I shall presume to say noe more att prsent of this vntill I shall haue a fitter opportunity. I inform'd Mr Nuttall of what yr Lopp writt concerning my vsing of him friendly as yr Lopp co?anded wch I shall vpon all occations doe for he deserues it & I doubt not but that he will proue very faithfull to the Interest of Maryland. The Runlett of Tobacco wch Capt Cook carried ouer last yeare to yr Lopp was prsented as a token from Mr Preston the Great Quaker that was, when I spoak to him for a 100?? one for to send to yr Lopp he was resolu'd to present it him selfe & caused it to be putt on board Capt Cooke & I knew nothing of't till Cook was sett saile out of the Riuer, I doe intend to send a smal runlett by Mr Sewall of the same persons Tobacco, but I feare not soe good as the last I am very sorry that I am disapointed in euery Thing, that I haue nothing worth prsenting yr Lopp 0248 244 this yeare, I hope hereafter to gett dried peaches good stoare to send next yeare hauing one now that can doe them.

6th Sep. 1663. Your lopps bearing date as p Margent I receiu'd & the seueral Bills of lading & inuoyce & other papers being duplicats of those I had receiu'd by Tully, & att the same time my Cozen Wms sister arriued here & is now att my house, & has the care of my houshold affaires, as yett noe good Match does prsent , but I hope in a short time she may find one to her owne content & yor Lopps desire, I shall further what I can towards it, I haue acquainted her Brother what yr Lopp does expect he should doe for her, but in case he does not, or be not in a Condicon to doe much I shall take care she shall not want as long as she remains wth me, There came wth her two maids one to wait vpon her & the other to my selfe, I receiued likwise a light su?er druggat suit a pewter still 2 Copper stew panns & in them 20?? of yellow wax, I alsoe had wth them other papers relating to former Accompts betwixt yr Lopp & the Chancellr the wch I shall carefully peruse. We can heare nothing as yett of the Comissrs wch yr Lopp writt were going for New England;—The Carpenter wch yr Lopp agreed wth Gilbert Mettcalfe for 30?? is now wth me I spoak wth Edmund Berkley in Virginia about him, but it was att least two month ere I had him afterwards, & when Mr Berkley came for his 30?? , by Chance the fellow askt me what time Berkley had sold him to me, I told him for 3 yeares & as much as was then to Aprill, to wch the fellow replyed Sr he misinformd yu for I haue but two yeares & as much as to next Aprill, I then demanded whether he had an Indentur & he produc't me one, & by that he had but two yeares more to serue, Mr Berkley was a little amaz'd att first att it & could not tell well what to say, but vpon long examining The Indenturs & debating the whole buisnesse, I 0249 245 was resolu'd at last not pay for 3 yeares seruice when I saw he could not assure me oft in regard the Indenture appear'd to me a good & firm obliga??n, & I veryly beleeue it is; & some Trick of Berkleys, for as I since came to vnderstand he endeauourd to gett this Indenture of the Carpenr but could not, & soe thought to haue had his Bills for 30?? afore I should haue knowne any thing att all of it att last wee agreed for 20?? for 2 yeares seruice, in regard I had much employmt for a Carpenr & hauing relyed vpon him for this fellow; had putt of others & was then seating a planta??n at Wst St Mary's. I gaue him Bills for 20?? for 2 yeares seruice & I am to deliuer him art the end of the time he has to serue me to Berkley whoe will endeauour to make the poore fellow serue a other yeare if he can, I suppose he can not for its as good an Indenture as I see are made, The Carpr is a good workman & vndrstands a mill very well for wch I Chiefly bought him, & I hope to gett mill finisht ere his time be out wth me, I haue askt the Chancellr of the fewness of the Port dutys for Catches & other vessells from London, to wch he answered yr Lopp as he says that many of those Catches went a way wth out paying port dutys wch I wonder att very much, & for the London Ships he says there were not more than what he mentiond (viz) 8 or 9; I receiued two letters from the Comissrs of the Custome house of London about the Act for Trade & nauiga??n, wch I shall answer by these shipps, & send Copys of This yeares bonds to yr Lopp & not to them, I humbly giue yr Lopp many Thanks for the Garden seeds I receiu'd This yeare, I shall for the future send yr Lopp a particular of all such things as I want, & would not that yr Lopp should be att soe great a charge for many Things wch I haue receiud This yeare, for I haue bad Tobaccos enough here wch will buy many things wth when it is not worth sending 0250 246 home, & for yr Lopp to buy soe many things in England I am sencible costs a great deale of moneys wch I would not by any means yr Lopp should doe, vnless it be for such things as I send for, & then I will take care to send where with all to procure them. As for setting vp a farme for English Graine, I haue this yeare made a good stepp towards it, by sowing 15 or 16 bushells of wheate And 10 or 12 bushells of Oats, 7 bushells of pease 8 or 9 bushells of Barley, & if the yeare proue seasonable I doubt not but to haue 300 hundred bushells of wheat encrease for last yeare in a spott of ground of 2 acres & a halfe I had aboue 40 bushells of wheat a 12 bushells of Oats & 8 or 9 bushells of pease, & the straw of that preserud my young Cattle in the hard wether & kept me 4 horses constantly in the stables in very good hart, when other horses were hardly able to doe any seruice; The Flax & Hemp wch yr Lopp sent me was sowd & beginns now to come vp, for wch I returne yr Lopp many humble Thanks, I receiu'd likewise papers relating to the Chancellrs Accompts, wch I will peruse & know his answer; The Warrant for a Thousand acres for Bishop Russell I receiud in 1662 & the Chanr was then very earnest to see it layd out, being for his Old acquaintance wch made me doe nothing in't, but I humbly beg yr Lopps pardon I return'd noe answer to't, but I shall now take effectuall course to see it done & to that end haue already giuen Ordr to the Surueyr to lay it out & the Pattent shall be sent him. The yeare has beene soe bad for euery thing that I shall be forc't to disapoint yr Lopp of meat & other things yr Lopp writt for, Mr Sewall can inform yr Lopp being somewhat sencible of the difficulty in getting meate & Corne; & it has beene much worse wth me in regard of my being long absent from my family when I was sick in Virginia, I haue Thirty to prouide victualls for, wch does putt me to some care & trouble 0251 247 besides the expence wch is the least,—I haue labour'd what I can to procure yr Lopp some birds & deere but neither Tobaccos nor moneys will tempt any person to gett me any this yeare, notwthstanding I haue profer'd great rates, your lopp was pleasd to write that some had inform'd that wee had water Pheasants but as yett I can heare of none that euer saw any, & for our sort of hawks I neuer thought them worth sending otherwise I had sent long since some, the next yeare I shall be able to procure some to send. I returne your Lopp many Thanks for the Books I receiud by Story & the note of particulars, I had one Man Seruant named Thomas Venaubles a good diligent fellow & I shall vse him well vpon yr Lopps Co?ands;—I acquainted doctor Barber of what yr Lopp writt me concerning him;—I receiud yr Lopps letter of the 8th of Sept: & wonder very much that some should inform my Cousen Wm Caluerts sister, that I had hoe kindnesse for her, when I can safely say I neuer had any such thoughts & can say as much for Her Brother, I hope my Carriage to her & the Care I shall take to see her want for nothing will giue her reason to think better on me, The Maid that came wth her waits vpon her & shall remaine wth her according to yr Lopps Co?ands—I shall pay vnto Mr Fitzwilliams whoe is come in Mr Fitzherberts place 6 barrells of Corne& likewise giue him all the encouragmt fitting; I wonder very much att Mr Fitzherberts discourses Concerning Maryland & our manner of liuing here, when he of all men neuer had the least occation to abuse the Countrey & his friends soe, as for what he writt yr Lopp of my being in danger of staruing I think my Table neuer gaue him cause to complaine of vs though I confesse he had good things & would as plentifully take of any liquour of wch he had enough in my house & more then I thought fitting for a person of his coat to take 0252 248 sometimes,—I receiued by This ship Copys of your lopps letters to the Chanr & his lady wch I haue perus'd & shall keepe them to my selfe & carefully obey yr Lopps Co?ands in all things, I doubt not but that my Carriage to them since my coming into These parts has giuen sufficient testimony of my respect to them vpon all occations, yr Lopp of the 28th of Octor I receiued by Capt Miles Cook & duplicats & second Bills of lading for the things sent by Capt Tully, I likewise receiued papers about that busnesse of Tullys being stop't att Plimoth; I had alsoe by this The Mill stones Brass & Iron worke for wch I humbly returne yr Lopp many Thanks, & since yr Lopp has beene pleasd to be Att The Charge yr selfe, I will now build her vpon my owne Accompt & keepe her to my selfe, Mr White being a person as I find not fitt for the encountring the trouble & difficultys people haue to bring any thing to effect in This Countrey, he has beene euer since his arriuall in This Prouince wth me & I haue giuen him his diett Thinking he mought haue beene of vse to me, but as yett not much, the life he leads here does not seeme to please him soe much as that he lead in Italy Mr Sewall will inform yr Lopp more of him & other persons,—I receiued likewise halle a Bushell of Garden Beanes a pr of Garden sheeres & harnesse for Three plough horses, & other necessarys for a plough. I alsoe had 2 hdds of mault of Capt: Cooke but had not occation for any more nayles then what yr Lopp was pleasd to send me wch I likewise had, & returne many humble Thanks for them, That buisnesse wch the Secretary writt to yr Lopp about concerning the setting vp of a Saw Mill vpon an Island on the Easterne shoare as yet nothing is done in't & I beleeve it will be noe more thought on for my owne particular I am not in a Condi??n as yet to venture vpon such 0253 249 a chargeable designe as a Saw Mill will be afore it yeelds any profitt, perhapps I may putt 4 or 5 Saws into my Water mill if I can doe it wth little more Charge wch I am Credibly informd I may, I shall the p?nt yeare acquaint yr Lopp how I proceed in't,—Wee heare nothing as yett of the Pattent wch some Bristoll Merchants has of that neck of land betwixt Rapa & Patowmeck but its say'd when all ships are gone it will he produc't, & the reason I heare of this is that noe news shall he carried home this yeare how the people relish theire New Gouernrs but will leave it till the next & by that time its hop't they may be quiett & well satisfied wth it. I haue endeauourd to see if I could find as many responsable men that would engage to take a 100 or 200 neigros euery yeare from the Royall Company at that rate mentiond in yr Lopps letter but I find wee are nott men of estates good enough to vndertake such a buisnesse, but could wish wee were for wee are naturally inclin'd to loue neigros if our purses would endure it;— I acqnainted Mr Fitzwilliams of his abrupt parting att London wth out takeing leaue of yr Lopp wch he does acknowledge & asks yr Lopps pardon for't he will I suppose write as much by this ship:— By This ship I receiued one Warner a Miller & his wife she being since dead a little after she came a shoare was brought to bed & the Child died alsoe; I shall puntually obey yr Lopps Co?ands as to him. I receiued likewise drawne in the behalfe of Capt Tilghman, but that busness was taken vp by me & the Rest of the Councell by reason he had askt pardon & was sorry for what he had sayd,— I have sent yr Lopps letter to Collr Smith with in one from my selfe, I shall desire yr Lopp will take notice to him & her the next shipping of the fauours I receiu'd from them in my time of sicknesse, I was sick att theire house 6 weekes & she took very great care 32 0254 250 of me I shall humbly Desire yr Lopp to thank them both for't; That wch Capt Cook spoak to yr Lopp concerning his Admiralship part of the Vessell of the St George of Bantry I haue endeauourd to gett it for him of the Chancellr whoe tells me 30?? remaines yett in his hands, wch he will pay vnto Cook I suppose according to yr Lopps Ordr ,— The Mill stones wch came in Cook were Blew & 4 foot & 9 Inches & I had all the Brass & Iron work belonging to them. I suppose Capt Cook will haue nothing for the freight for as much as I can perceiue by him as yett, he has been beholding to me for as much as that comes from time to time. He has beene very Ciuill to me vpon all occations for wch I desire yr Lopp will please to thank him. The letter wch yr Lopp sent to doctor Barber wth a flying seale I did first read it & deliuerd afterwards to him.— I receiued more by Capt Cooke 2 bills for Harnesse for 3 horses & Iron work for a plough & alsoe a note of Things sent in a box C: C: No 1 & a pr of Garden sheeres C: C: No 2; I shall not be willing to entertaine Brickmakers or Carpenters at the Rate yr Lopp mentions, for I feare it will not turne to Accompt here wth vs, but humbly returne yr Lopp many Thanks, & for the News Books & other Papers. Now may it please yr Lopp in answer to what yr Lopp writt about my going for England next shipping wch I haue an earnest desire to if things be soe settled here that I may haue desire to returne back againe by the same shipping—for that as yr lopp writes will be most requisitt for both the reasons sett downe by yr Lopp, the Charge of such a voyage if vndertaken I shall take care to defray wth what I hope to gett here, wch is the least difficulty I find, but in whose hands to leaue the Gouermt in vntill I come back is that I am att a stand att, for if I should goe from hence in the last ship, & returne in the first as I necessarily must, my stay in England 0255 251 will be but short in England, & I haue great cause to feare, that I shall find much confusion at my returne, for as yr Lopp was please to write that it were best to make my Vncle Gouerr in my Absence on the side I know it to be very necessary & againe am very sensible how much he has disgusted all in Generall & especially those that haue beene euer faithfull to yr Lopps Interest here & such as haue shewne me any thing of Kindnesse since my Coming into this Province. He has soe much by Instruements employd by him threatened what he'll doe when the power comes againe into his hands as he giues out an other yeare it necessarily must in regard he vnd'stands yr Lopp has a desire I should goe for England, next shipping, that the people doe dread nothing more & especially such as I sayd afore had beene yr Lopps friends whoe are resolud to lay downe theire Co?issions if not sell what they haue & begon the Secretary will satisfie yr Lopp of euery particular & what he has endeauourd to doe is to draw the Affections of the people from me wch I doe not fear in the least, for I haue had as much testimony of theire Kindnesse as could be expected by me from them, & especially in my time of sicknesse in Virginia as the Secretary can informe yr Lopp. This in short is that wch to me is the onely difficulty wch if yr Lopp can accomodate soe that things may be settled att my returne as now they are, I shall most Chearefully & wth a greate deale of desire prepare for my going for England next yeare to see yr Lopp then wch nothing can bring soe much satisfaction & comfort to him whoe remaines as euer

Your Lopps Most dutiffull Sonne Charles Caluert

April 27th 1664—

I haue sent yr Lopp Bills of Exchange in this Box & haue giuen some papers to 0256 252 Mr Sewall to discourse wth yr Lopp about the Alienation office wch the last Assembly gaue to me to offer to yr Lopp as theire humble request wch if granted by yr Lopp will soe much gaine them that it may bring more then doubling the Rents soe would haue come to I shall take care of the Secreatys Office vntill Mr Sewall comes Back or that I heare from yr Lopp—

No. 15. GOVERNOR CHARLES CALVERT TO CECILIUS, LORD BALTIMORE.

[Indorsement.]

26 Aprill 1672

My son Charles to me from Maryland

Brought by Cap: Ben: Cooper recd 12 July 1672

Inclosed in it A coppy of my Co?ission to my son Charles for the Gouernmt of Maryland.

May itt please yor Lopp

Capt William Wheatley is now gone, by him I writ to yr Lopp a short Letter, only to Convey some Bills of Exchange the seconds And some others I send herewth It is now high time that I returne answr to all yor Lopp Letters by this Last Shippinge; and therefore I am now prepareing this against Capt Cooper sailes, who hath giuen mee butt a weekes time; 0257 253 that I may giue a full answr to all yor Lopps l?? and Euery perticular Contained in them, I shall now take them afore mee according to their seuerall dates. Yor Lopps of the the third of July by Gouldsmith. Gaue me to vnderstand that the Bill for £40 & the other for £70.. 15.. 0d were both Complyed with, and that all my Letters Came well to yor Lopps hands, As alsoe the Act for 250 the hho which I perceiue yor Lopp is Satisfyed with, our Endeauours were not wantinge to haue procured itt otherwise, butt Covld not prevaile which I hope yor Lopp is Sensible off, I am glad flint the Tax vpon Tobbacco is not Settled, for I am assured the Comodity will not beare that Burden, yor Lopp Mentions, that the difference betwixt his Royall Highness, and yor Lopp is not yett determined, which wee are very Sorry for, because itt begetts a beleefe in Many tht yor Lopp will hardly Recouer yor Right, And Causes many to take Land art the Hore Keele from the Gouerment of New Yorke, I am dayly perswadinge & Incouraginge persons to seat there in yor Lopps Right, And some are already gone, And more I hope will Venture Collo ffrancis Louelace Gouernour of New Yorke, is Come lately to Delaware, (As Augustine writes mee word) but vpon what Designe is not yett Knowne, I fear that he Intends to make a vissitt to the people at the Hore Keele, to Incourage them to oppose those Seated and Settled in Right of this province butt of this I shall give yor Lopp a further accompt. I sent yor Lopp all the Affidauits I Could gett, In pursuance to yor Commands by Morris & Cobb by whom I Receiued Lrs to that purpose when I send Bills of Exchange for the future, I will take Care that Letters of Advise goe with them accordinge to yor Lopps directions I Could not possibly the last Assembly doe any thinge in order to yor Lopps Command a